BULK METALLIC GLASSES AND THEIR COMPOSITES : additive manufacturing and modeling and simulation.

206 Pages·2021·2.716 MB·English

by  MUHAMMAD MUSADDIQUE ALI RAFIQUE

MuhammadMusaddiqueAliRafique
BulkMetallicGlassesandTheirComposites
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Muhammad Musaddique Ali Rafique
Bulk Metallic
Glasses and Their
Composites
Additive Manufacturing and Modeling and Simulation
2nd Edition
Author
Dr.MuhammadMusaddiqueAliRafique
EasternEngineeringSolutions
77MassachusettsAvenue
Cambridge02139
USA
[email protected]
ISBN978-3-11-074721-8
e-ISBN(PDF)978-3-11-074723-2
e-ISBN(EPUB)978-3-11-074741-6
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2021942893
BibliographicinformationpublishedbytheDeutscheNationalbibliothek
TheDeutscheNationalbibliothekliststhispublicationintheDeutscheNationalbibliografie;
detailedbibliographicdataareavailableontheInternetathttp://dnb.dnb.de.
©2021WalterdeGruyterGmbH,Berlin/Boston
Coverimage:R_Type/iStock/GettyImagesPlus
Typesetting:IntegraSoftwareServicesPvt.Ltd.
Printingandbinding:CPIbooksGmbH,Leck
www.degruyter.com
The author would like to dedicate this work to Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥasan ibn al-Ḥasan ibn
al-Haytham(c965–c1040).
(fatherofmodernoptics)

Contents
Section1
Researchsignificanceandbackground 1
Section2
Bulkmetallicglasses(BMGs)andbulkmetallicglassmatrixcomposites
(BMGMCs) 5
2.1 Metallicglasses(MG)andbulkmetallicglasses
(BMGs)/monoliths 5
2.2 Threelaws 5
2.3 Classification–variousapproaches 6
2.3.1 Basedonelementsandtheirtypes 7
2.4 Importantcharacteristics 8
2.4.1 Glass-formingability 8
2.4.2 Metastability 11
2.5 Limitations 11
2.6 DuctileBMG 12
2.7 Ductilebulkmetallicglassmatrixcomposites 13
2.8 Productionmethods–mechanismsperspective 14
2.8.1 Liquid–solidtransformation(solidification) 14
2.8.2 Solid–solid(S–S)transformation(devitrification) 23
2.9 Productionmethod–processperspective 24
2.9.1 Twin-rollcasting 24
2.9.2 Cumold(suction)casting 25
2.9.3 Semisolidprocessing 26
2.9.4 High-pressurediecasting 27
2.9.5 Continuouscasting 29
2.9.6 Squeezecasting 29
2.9.7 Injectionmolding 30
2.9.8 Centrifugalcasting 31
2.9.9 Frictionstirwelding 31
2.9.10 Joining 32
2.9.11 Foams 34
2.9.12 Thinfilms 35
2.9.13 Additivemanufacturing 36
2.10 Modelalloys 39
2.10.1 Commonphasesandmicrostructures 40
2.10.2 Mechanicalproperties 45
2.11 Veryrecenttrends,approachesandtriumphs 47
VIII Contents
2.11.1 Understandingstructure 47
2.11.2 Shearbands 51
2.11.3 High-entropymetallicglass 52
2.11.4 Nanoglasses 52
2.11.5 Corrosionbehavior 53
2.11.6 ShapememoryBMG 53
2.11.7 Limitations/researchgap–newfindings 53
2.11.8 Presentresearch–advancementsincethefirstedition 54
Section3
Additivemanufacturing(AM) 57
3.1 Whyadditivemanufacturing(AM)? 57
3.2 Abriefhistoryofadditivemanufacturing 57
3.3 Principlesofadditivemanufacturing 58
3.3.1 Laserprocesses 58
3.3.2 Electronbeammelting 67
3.4 Characteristicsofprocess 69
3.4.1 LBLformation 69
3.4.2 Rapidcooling 71
3.4.3 Assimilationoffreevolume 71
3.4.4 Insituheattreatment 71
3.5 Bulkmetallicglassesbyadditivemanufacturing 72
3.6 Bulkmatrixglassmatrixcompositesbyadditive
manufacturing 72
Section4
Modelingandsimulation 77
4.1 Whymodelingandsimulation? 77
4.2 Capabilities/powersandlimitations 77
4.3 Typesofmodelingandsimulation 78
4.3.1 Energyminimization 78
4.3.2 Moleculardynamicsimulations 78
4.3.3 MonteCarlosimulations 79
4.3.4 Miscellaneousmethods 79
4.4 Modelingandsimulationofnucleation(microstructuralevolution)
insolidification 80
4.5 Large-/part-scalemodeling 81
4.5.1 Analyticalmodeling 82
4.5.2 Computationalmodeling 83
4.6 Atomic-scale(atomistic)modeling 89
4.6.1 Classicalmoleculardynamics 90
Contents IX
4.6.2 MonteCarlosimulations 90
4.6.3 Abinitiomethods/firstprinciplecalculations 91
4.6.4 Interatomicpotential/forcefields 94
4.7 Veryrecenttrends/futureoutlook 97
Section5
Modelingandsimulationofsolidificationphenomenaduringprocessing
ofBMGMCbyadditivemanufacturing(AM) 99
5.1 Introduction 99
5.2 Modelingandsimulationofheattransferinliquidmelt
pool–solidification 99
5.2.1 Generationofheat(lasermatterinteraction) 100
5.2.2 Assimilationofheat(meltingandstageofsolidification) 102
5.3 Modelingandsimulationofnucleation(heterogeneous)inliquid
meltpool–microstructuraldevelopment 107
5.3.1 Macroscopicmodels 108
5.3.2 Microscopicmodelsofmicrostructureevolution/formationduring
solidification 108
5.3.3 Evolutionofprobabilisticmodels 111
5.3.4 Two-dimensionalCellularAutomation(CA)method 113
AppendixA:Heterogeneousnucleationandgrowthinveryfluidalloys
(asperCNT)[1064] 117
AppendixB:ColumnartoEquiaxedTransition(CET) 121
Comparison 123
Researchgap 129
Overallaims/researchquestions 131
Methodology 133
References 139
Exercise 191
Designproblems 193
Index 195