Building a Geodatabase: ArcGIS 9

390 Pages·2005·9.16 MB·English

by  Editors of ESRI Press

ArcGIS 9
®
G08807_U-AGIS-3DA_tp_94692.ind 1 3/11/04, 10:24 AM
Copyright © 1999–2005 ESRI
All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America.
The information contained in this document is the exclusive property of ESRI. This work is protected under United States copyright law and other
international copyright treaties and conventions. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or
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requests should be sent to Attention: Contracts Manager, ESRI, 380 New York Street, Redlands, CA 92373-8100, USA.
The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.
DATA CREDITS
Graphical Editing map: Wilson, North Carolina
Universal Data Editor map, Editing in Data view and Layout view map: Greeley, Colorado
Context Menus and Shortcut Keys map: P.F.R.A., Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
Quick-start tutorial data: Wilson, North Carolina; Greeley, Colorado
CONTRIBUTING WRITERS
Andrew Perencsik, Simon Woo, Bob Booth, Scott Crosier, Jill Clark, Andy MacDonald
U.S. GOVERNMENT RESTRICTED/LIMITED RIGHTS
Any software, documentation, and/or data delivered hereunder is subject to the terms of the License Agreement. In no event shall the U.S. government acquire
greater than RESTRICTED/LIMITED RIGHTS. At a minimum, use, duplication, or disclosure by the U.S. Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in
FAR §52.227-14 Alternates I, II, and III (JUN 1987); FAR §52.227-19 (JUN 1987) and/or FAR §12.211/12.212 (Commercial Technical Data/Computer
Software); and DFARS §252.227-7015 (NOV 1995) (Technical Data) and/or DFARS §227.7202 (Computer Software), as applicable. Contractor/Manufacturer
is ESRI, 380 New York Street, Redlands, CA 92373-8100, USA.
ESRI, the ESRI globe logo, ArcGIS, ArcMap, ArcCatalog, ArcInfo, ArcSDE, ArcToolbox, ArcIMS, ArcReader, ArcEditor, ArcStorm, SDE, Spatial Database
Engine, ArcView, ArcObjects, GIS by ESRI, the ArcGIS logo, and www.esri.com are trademarks, registered trademarks, or service marks of ESRI in the United
States, the European Community, or certain other jurisdictions.
Other companies and products mentioned herein are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective trademark owners.
Attribution.pmd 1 3/8/2004, 8:23 AM
Contents 1 Introduction 1
Creating a geodatabase from an existing design 3
Creating a geodatabase from scratch 4
Geodatabases and ArcCatalog 7
Geodatabases and ArcMap 8
The first step: creating a database 9
Copying schema from another geodatabase 15
Tips on learning how to build and edit geodatabases 17
2 Creating new items in a geodatabase 19
Geodatabase items 20
ArcGIS data types 25
Setting an appropriate geodatabase spatial domain 28
Upgrading a geodatabase 35
Creating tables 36
Creating feature datasets 39
Creating feature classes 45
Creating indexes 52
Granting and revoking privileges 55
3 Importing data 57
Importing data into new feature classes and tables 59
Importing feature classes 63
Importing tables 67
Registering ArcSDE data with the geodatabase 70
Loading data into existing feature classes and tables 71
Loading data in ArcCatalog 77
Loading data in ArcMap 81
Copying data between geodatabases 86
Sending data to another user 95
Updating DBMS statistics 98
iii
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4 Topology 99
What is topology? 101
Creating a topology 102
Topology basics 104
Topology and feature geometry 108
Topologies and ArcCatalog 110
Migrating data into a geodatabase to create topologies 111
Creating a new topology 114
Adding new feature classes to your topology 119
Validating a topology 123
Topology: defining the rules 124
Planning for exceptions 128
Refining topologies with subtypes 129
Managing a topology 130
Modifying a topology 131
Summarizing topology errors 140
Creating new polygons from lines 141
Topology and versioned databases 143
Topology and versioning 145
Topology and disconnected editing 155
5 Subtypes and attribute domains 157
What are subtypes and attribute domains? 158
Working with attribute domain properties 162
Browsing the attribute domains of a geodatabase 163
Creating new attribute domains 165
Modifying and deleting attribute domains 168
Associating default values and domains with tables and feature classes 169
Creating subtypes 170
Modifying and deleting subtypes 173
iv BUILDING A GEODATABASE
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6 Defining relationship classes 175
What is a relationship class? 176
Relationship classes in ArcCatalog and ArcMap 180
Creating a simple relationship class 182
Creating a composite relationship class 186
Creating an attributed relationship class 189
Creating relationship rules 191
Managing relationship classes 193
Exploring related objects in ArcMap 194
Using related fields in ArcMap 197
7 Geometric networks 199
What is a geometric network? 200
Geometric networks and ArcCatalog 204
Creating geometric networks 205
Creating a new geometric network 211
Building a geometric network from existing simple feature classes 215
Adding new feature classes to your geometric network 221
Network connectivity: defining the rules 224
Establishing connectivity rules 225
Managing a geometric network 227
8 Managing annotation 229
Annotation in the geodatabase 230
Annotation and ArcCatalog 235
Creating annotation feature classes 236
Converting labels to annotation 241
Importing coverage annotation 244
CONTENTS v
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9 Dimensioning 247
Dimensions in the geodatabase 248
Dimensions and ArcCatalog 251
Creating dimension feature classes 252
Creating and managing dimension styles 257
10 Working with a versioned geodatabase 267
Integrating versioning with your organization’s work flow 268
Registering data as versioned 270
Creating and administering versions in ArcCatalog 271
Working with versions in ArcMap 278
Editing and conflict resolution 281
Editing a version 286
Versioning scenarios 290
11 Disconnected editing 293
Disconnected editing 294
Checking out data from a geodatabase 313
Customizing a check-out 315
Checking in data to a geodatabase 318
Managing check-outs 321
12 Building a raster geodatabase 327
Rasters and the geodatabase 328
Importing and loading raster data 332
Attributes of type raster 340
Converting raster formats 341
Mosaicking raster datasets 342
Raster data and disconnected editing 343
More about rasters in ArcGIS 344
vi BUILDING A GEODATABASE
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Glossary 345
Index 369
CONTENTS vii
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1
Introduction
IN THIS CHAPTER The geodatabase supports a model of topologically integrated feature
classes, similar to the coverage model. It also extends the coverage
• Creating a geodatabase from an
model with support for complex networks, topologies, relationships
existing design
among feature classes, and other object-oriented features. The ESRI®
• Creating a geodatabase from ArcGIS® applications (ArcMapTM, ArcCatalogTM, and ArcToolboxTM) work
scratch with geodatabases as well as with coverages and shapefiles.
The ArcGIS geodatabase model is implemented on standard relational
(cid:127) Geodatabases and ArcCatalog
databases with the ArcSDE® application server. ArcSDE defines an open
(cid:127) Geodatabases and ArcMap interface to database systems. It allows ArcInfo® or ArcEditorTM seats to
manage geographic information on a variety of different database
(cid:127) The first step: creating a database platforms including Oracle®, Microsoft® SQL ServerTM, IBM® DB2®, and
Informix®.
(cid:127) Copying schema from another
geodatabase The geodatabase provides a generic framework for geographic
information. This framework can be used to define and work with a wide
(cid:127) Tips on learning how to build and
variety of different user- or application-specific models.
edit geodatabases
The geodatabase supports object-oriented vector and raster data. In this
model, entities are represented as objects with properties, behavior, and
relationships. Support for a variety of different geographic object types is
built into the system. These object types include simple objects, geographic
features, network features, annotation features, and other more
specialized feature types. The model allows you to define relationships
between objects and rules for maintaining referential and topological
integrity between objects.
1
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How the data is stored in the database, the applications that schema, while ArcMap has tools for analyzing and editing
access it, and the client and server hardware configurations the contents of your geodatabase.
are all key factors to a successful multiuser geographic
This book teaches you how to implement a geodatabase. If
information system (GIS). Successfully implementing a GIS
you’re using ArcView®, it shows you how to create a
with ArcInfo and ArcSDE starts with a good data model
personal geodatabase, import data, set up subtypes and
design. Designing a geodatabase is a critical process that
domains, and create standard annotation feature classes
requires planning and revision until you reach a design that
and raster catalogs. If you’re using ArcEditor or ArcInfo, it
meets your requirements and performs well. You can either
shows you how to create personal and ArcSDE
start with an existing geodatabase design or design your
geodatabases; import data; create geodatabase topology,
own from scratch. Throughout this book, guidelines for
subtypes, domains, relationship classes, geometric networks,
good data modeling of each aspect of the geodatabase are
standard and feature-linked annotation classes, raster
discussed to help you implement a successful multiuser GIS
catalogs, and mosaics; and manage editing with versions
system with ArcInfo, either with ArcSDE or with a
and disconnected editing. This book is one of three books
personal geodatabase.
designed to teach you how to make the most of
Once you have a design, you can create the geodatabase geodatabases.
and its schema by creating new database items with
The second book, Editing in ArcMap, approaches the
ArcCatalog, loading existing shapefile and coverage data,
geodatabase from the editor and data manager’s
using Unified Modeling Language (UML) and Computer-
perspective. It describes how to create and edit data within
Aided Software Engineering (CASE) tools, or a
an existing geodatabase.
combination of these.
The third book, Geodatabase Workbook, contains tutorial
A critical part of a well-performing geodatabase is the
exercises that allow you to apply the concepts developed in
tuning of the database management system (DBMS) in
the first two books.
which it is stored. This tuning is not required for personal
geodatabases; however, it is critical for ArcSDE
geodatabases. For more information on tuning your
database for ArcSDE and the geodatabase, see the
Configuration and Tuning Guide for <DBMS> PDF file.
The main tools you will use to create and edit geodatabases
are found in ArcCatalog and ArcMap. ArcCatalog has
various tools for creating and modifying your geodatabase
2 BUILDING A GEODATABASE
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