Table Of ContentBSAVA Manual of BSAVA Manual of
Canine Practice
Canine
A Foundation Manual B
S
A
Edited by Tim Hutchinson and Ken Robinson
V Practice
A
M
The past 20 years has seen a remarkable growth in the knowledge base and a
skillset available in small animal practice – the range of specialist information n
now available may appear daunting to the relatively inexperienced vet looking u A Foundation Manual
for a concise answer to one of the many common problems presented in a
the consulting room. The BSAVA Manual of Canine Practice condenses the l
information from many important areas into a single volume. o
f
C
Written by vets with many years’ experience in general practice, this
new Foundation Manual aims to provide the first port of call for the busy a Edited by
practitioner faced with uncertainty over a new case. Common sense, first n
Tim Hutchinson
line approaches are given in a problem-oriented setting stemming from the in
nose-to-tail examination. e and Ken Robinson
The BSAVA Manual of Canine Practice is divided into three sections: P
r
■■ The ‘art’ of canine practice a
■■ Common consultations c
■■ Common clinical presentations t
i
c
Quick Reference Guides are provided throughout the Manual highlighting e
practical treatments or techniques.
CONTENTS: The dog-friendly practice; Consultation technique; Preventive healthcare:
a life-stage approach; Nutrition; Reproductive management; Considerations for surgical
cases; Euthanasia: considerations for canine practice; Dealing with emergency cases;
Acute collapse; The trauma patient: assessment, emergency management and wound
care; Seizures, ataxia and other neurological presentations; Behaviour problems: a brief
guide; Regurgitation, vomiting and diarrhoea; Abnormalities of eating and drinking;
Lameness; Paralysis and spinal pain; Lethargy and weakness in endocrine disease;
Hyperthermia and pyrexia; Epistaxis, sneezing and nasal discharge; Oral and dental
problems; Ocular problems; Ear problems and head tilt; Abnormalities of the throat and
neck; Cardiorespiratory problems; Abdominal pain and swelling; Urination problems;
genital discharge; Skin problems: a clinical approach; Lumps and bumps; Disorders of
the paw; Conditions of the anus, perineum and tail; Index
Tim Hutchinson BVSc CertSAS MRCVS
Tim graduated from the University of Liverpool in 1994 and has
worked in private practice ever since. Tim gained his certificate
in Small Animal Surgery in 2002. Since 1998 Tim has worked at
Larkmead Veterinary Group in South Oxfordshire, a member of
XLVets. Tim currently divides his time between referral surgical
work and a managing partner role.
Ken Robinson BVMS CertSAD MRCVS
Ken graduated from the University of Glasgow, School of
Veterinary Medicine in 1981. He has worked exclusively in
small animal practice since then. Ken joined the Rose Cottage
Veterinary Centre in 1991, gaining his certificate in Small Animal
Dermatology that same year. He is currently one of the practice
directors, with interests in dermatology, surgery, exotic pet
medicine and acupuncture.
2634 Canine Practice Cover Spread.indd 1 Untitled-2 1 1158//1016//22001165 1113::5294
BSAVA Manual of
Canine Practice
A Foundation Manual
Editors:
Tim Hutchinson
BVSc CertSAS MRCVS
Larkmead Veterinary Group,
111–113 Park Road, Didcot OX11 8QT
Ken Robinson
BVMS CertSAD MRCVS
Rose Cottage Veterinary Centre,
Chester Road, Sutton Weaver,
Runcorn, Cheshire WA7 3EQ
Published by:
British Small Animal Veterinary Association
Woodrow House, 1 Telford Way,
Waterwells Business Park, Quedgeley,
Gloucester GL2 2AB
A Company Limited by Guarantee in England
Registered Company No. 2837793
Registered as a Charity
Copyright © 2015 BSAVA
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in
a retrieval system, or transmitted, in form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior written
permission of the copyright holder.
Illustrations for 15.14, 21.11, 21.14, 21.15, 29.6 and QRGs 25.1 and 29.2 were
drawn by S.J. Elmhurst BA Hons (www.livingart.org.uk) and are printed with
her permission.
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
ISBN 978 1 905319 48 0
e-ISBN 978 1 910443 20 0
The publishers, editors and contributors cannot take responsibility for
information provided on dosages and methods of application of drugs
mentioned or referred to in this publication. Details of this kind must be
verified in each case by individual users from up to date literature published
by the manufacturers or suppliers of those drugs. Veterinary surgeons are
reminded that in each case they must follow all appropriate national
legislation and regulations (for example, in the United Kingdom, the
prescribing cascade) from time to time in force.
Printed by Cambrian Printers, Aberystwyth, UK
Printed on ECF paper made from sustainable forests 2634PUBS15
pg i Canine Practice.indd 1 15/11/2016 12:02
Titles in the BSAVA
Manuals series
Manual of Canine & Feline Abdominal Imaging
Manual of Canine & Feline Abdominal Surgery
Manual of Canine & Feline Advanced Veterinary Nursing
Manual of Canine & Feline Anaesthesia and Analgesia
Manual of Canine & Feline Behavioural Medicine
Manual of Canine & Feline Cardiorespiratory Medicine
Manual of Canine & Feline Clinical Pathology
Manual of Canine & Feline Dentistry
Manual of Canine & Feline Dermatology
Manual of Canine & Feline Emergency and Critical Care
Manual of Canine & Feline Endocrinology
Manual of Canine & Feline Endoscopy and Endosurgery
Manual of Canine & Feline Fracture Repair and Management
Manual of Canine & Feline Gastroenterology
Manual of Canine & Feline Haematology and Transfusion Medicine
Manual of Canine & Feline Head, Neck and Thoracic Surgery
Manual of Canine & Feline Musculoskeletal Disorders
Manual of Canine & Feline Musculoskeletal Imaging
Manual of Canine & Feline Nephrology and Urology
Manual of Canine & Feline Neurology
Manual of Canine & Feline Oncology
Manual of Canine & Feline Ophthalmology
Manual of Canine & Feline Radiography and Radiology: A Foundation Manual
Manual of Canine & Feline Rehabilitation, Supportive and Palliative Care:
Case Studies in Patient Management
Manual of Canine & Feline Reproduction and Neonatology
Manual of Canine & Feline Surgical Principles: A Foundation Manual
Manual of Canine & Feline Thoracic Imaging
Manual of Canine & Feline Ultrasonography
Manual of Canine & Feline Wound Management and Reconstruction
Manual of Canine Practice: A Foundation Practice
Manual of Exotic Pet and Wildlife Nursing
Manual of Exotic Pets: A Foundation Manual
Manual of Feline Practice: A Foundation Manual
Manual of Ornamental Fish
Manual of Practical Animal Care
Manual of Practical Veterinary Nursing
Manual of Psittacine Birds
Manual of Rabbit Medicine
Manual of Rabbit Surgery, Dentistry and Imaging
Manual of Raptors, Pigeons and Passerine Birds
Manual of Reptiles
Manual of Rodents and Ferrets
Manual of Small Animal Practice Management and Development
Manual of Wildlife Casualties
For further information on these and all BSAVA publications,
please visit our website: www.bsava.com
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Contents
List of quick reference guides v
List of contributors vii
Foreword ix
Preface x
The dog-friendly practice 1
1
Kate Chitty and Laura Smith
Consultation technique 14
2
Christine Magrath and Geoff Little
Preventive healthcare: a life-stage approach 25
3
Alan Hughes
Nutrition 40
4
Marge Chandler
Reproductive management 49
5
Angelika von Heimendahl
Considerations for surgical cases 68
6
Julian Hoad
Euthanasia: considerations for canine practice 76
7
Ross Allan
Dealing with emergency cases 82
8
Sophie Adamantos
Acute collapse 93
9
Mark Maltman
The trauma patient: assessment, emergency management
10
and wound care 100
Julian Hoad
Seizures, ataxia and other neurological presentations 109
11
Alex Gough
Behaviour problems: a brief guide 119
12
Tiny De Keuster, Joke Monteny and Christel P.H. Moons
Regurgitation, vomiting and diarrhoea 154
13
Sara Gould
Abnormalities of eating and drinking 164
14
Nick Bexfield
Lameness 176
15
Tim Hutchinson
Paralysis and spinal pain 186
16
Alex Gough
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Lethargy and weakness in endocrine disease 193
17
Sarah Packman
Hyperthermia and pyrexia 202
18
Sarah Packman
Epistaxis, sneezing and nasal discharge 207
19
Robert Williams
Oral and dental problems 212
20
Robert Williams
Ocular problems 229
21
Gary Lewin
Ear problems and head tilt 244
22
Robert Williams
Abnormalities of the throat and neck 252
23
Robert Williams
Cardiorespiratory problems 256
24
Mark Maltman
Abdominal pain and swelling 274
25
Scott Kilpatrick
Urination problems; genital discharge 284
26
Angelika von Heimendahl and Julian Hoad
Skin problems: a clinical approach 297
27
Ken Robinson
Lumps and bumps 319
28
Robert Williams
Disorders of the paw 327
29
Ken Robinson
Conditions of the anus, perineum and tail 339
30
Julian Hoad
Index 346
iv
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Quick reference guides
3.1 Head-to-tail general examination
Alan Hughes
5.1 Ovariohysterectomy: hints and tips
Tim Hutchinson
5.2 Castration (Orchidectomy): hints and tips
Tim Hutchinson
5.3 Caesarean section: hints and tips
Tim Hutchinson
8.1 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Sophie Adamantos
11.1 Short ‘screening’ neurological examination
Alex Gough
11.2 Emergency treatment of status epilepticus
Alex Gough
14.1 Testing for hyperadrenocorticism: some important considerations
Nick Bexfield
15.1 Assessment of anterior cruciate instability
Tim Hutchinson
15.2 Assessing hip laxity
Tim Hutchinson
20.1 Examining the mouth in a conscious dog
Lisa Milella
20.2 Scaling and polishing teeth
Lisa Milella
20.3 Tooth extraction
Lisa Milella
22.1 Ear cytology
Robert Williams
22.2 Otoscopy
Robert Williams
22.3 Surgical treatment of aural haematoma
Tim Hutchinson
24.1 Pericardiocentesis
Mark Maltman
24.2 Thoracocentesis and thoracic drain placement
Mark Maltman
25.1 FAST scan
Scott Kilpatrick
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25.2 Abdominocentesis
Scott Kilpatrick
25.3 Diagnostic peritoneal lavage
Scott Kilpatrick
27.1 Skin scraping for parasites
Ken Robinson
27.2 Skin cytology
Ken Robinson
27.3 Obtaining a trichogram
Ken Robinson
27.4 Skin biopsy
Ken Robinson
28.1 Fine-needle aspiration of a superficial mass
Robert Williams
28.2 Biopsy of a superficial mass
Robert Williams
29.1 Applying a foot bandage
Ken Robinson
29.2 Toe amputation
Ken Robinson
29.3 Dew claw removal under general anaesthesia
Ken Robinson
29.4 Removal of a nail and distal phalanx
Ken Robinson
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Contributors
Sophie Adamantos BVSc CertVA DipACVECC DipECVECC FHEA MRCVS
Langford Veterinary Services, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol BS40 5DU
Ross Allan BVMS PGCertSAS MRCVS
The Pets‘n’Vets Family, 1478 Pollokshaws Road, Glasgow G43 1RN
Nick Bexfield BVetMed PhD DSAM DipECVIM-CA CBiol FSB MRCVS
School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus,
Leicestershire LE12 5RD
Marge Chandler DVM MS MANZCVSc DipACVN DipACVIM DipECVIM-CA MRCVS
The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian EH25 9RG
Kate Chitty BVetMed MRCVS
Anton Vets, Units 11–12 Anton Mill Road, Andover, Hants SP10 2NJ
Tiny De Keuster DVM DipECAWBM
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
Alex Gough MA VetMB CertSAM CertVC PGCert MRCVS
Bath Veterinary Referrals, Rosemary Lodge Veterinary Hospital, Wellsway, Bath BA2 5RL
Sara M. Gould BVetMed DSAM MRCVS
Vale Referrals, The Animal Hospital, Stinchcombe, Dursley, Gloucestershire GL11 6AJ
Julian Hoad BSc(Hons) BVetMed honMBVNA MRCVS
Crossways Veterinary Group, 43 School Hill, Storrington, West Sussex RH20 4NA
Alan Hughes BVSc MRCVS
The Grove Veterinary Hospital and Clinics, Holt Road, Fakenham, Norfolk NR21 8JG
Tim Hutchinson BVSc CertSAS MRCVS
Larkmead Veterinary Group, 111–113 Park Road, Didcot OX11 8QT
Scott Kilpatrick BSc(Hons) BVM&S MRCVS
The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian EH25 9RG
Gary A. Lewin BVSc CertVOphthal CertSAS MRCVS
Veterinary Vision, Onsala Building, Haweswater Road, Penrith, Cumbria CA11 9FJ
Geoff Little MVB MRCVS
The Veterinary Defence Society Limited, 4 Haig Court, Parkgate Estate, Knutsford, Cheshire WA16 8XZ
Christine Magrath BVMS FRCVS
The Veterinary Defence Society Limited, 4 Haig Court, Parkgate Estate, Knutsford, Cheshire WA16 8XZ
Mark Maltman BVSc CertSAM CertVC MRCVS
Maltman Cosham Veterinary Clinic, Lyons Farm Estate, Slinfold, Horsham, West Sussex RH13 0QP
Lisa Milella BVSc DipEVDC MRCVS
The Veterinary Dental Surgery, 53 Parvis Road, Byfleet, Surrey KT14 7AA
Joke Monteny MSc PhD
Hond Inform, Wijtschatestraat 72, 8956 Kemmel, Belgium
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Christel P.H. Moons PhD
Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
Ghent University, Heidestraat 19, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
Sarah Packman BVSc CertSAM MRCVS
Larkmead Veterinary Group, 111–113 Park Road, Didcot OX11 8QT
Ken Robinson BVMS CertSAD MRCVS
Rose Cottage Veterinary Centre, Chester Road, Sutton Weaver, Runcorn, Cheshire WA7 3EQ
Laura Smith RVN CA-SQP ISFM CertFN DipFN
Anton Vets, Unit 11–12 Anton Mill Road, Andover, Hants SP10 2NJ
Angelika von Heimandahl MSc BVM DipECAR MRCVS
Veterinary Reproduction Service, 27 High Street, Longstanton, Cambridge CB24 3BP
Robert Williams MVB CertSAS MRCVS
Kingston Veterinary Group, 1–2 Park Street, Anlaby Road, Hull HU3 2JF
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Foreword
This brand new Foundation Manual from the BSAVA is an exciting development
because it condenses the information from many important areas into a single
volume. The development over the last 20 years of a range of formal specialist
veterinary qualifications has produced a significant surge in the range and
depth of knowledge in canine practice. Whilst we should celebrate that this
range and depth now exists, it is also clear that this very range is daunting to
many of us. Concise answers to common questions that occur in consulting
rooms are becoming harder to find. This book swings the balance back to the
practitioner.
As well as traditional systems based medicine, this Manual also provides
information on the ‘arts’ of practice such as consultation technique and dealing
with common but testing situations. In the clinical presentations section of the
book, first line approaches are given in a problem-oriented setting with a
significant focus on the ‘nose-to-tail’ physical examination, a detailed clinical
history and common, readily available, diagnostic tests. This book should be
the first port of call for the busy clinician faced with a range of challenging
issues (not all of them medical) in the consulting room.
The editors are to be congratulated on bringing together a team of authors with
such an extensive experience in a wide variety of clinical practices who were
able to distil volumes of veterinary textbooks to single chapters. The quality of
the illustrations and flow charts, combined with the pithy practice tips will help
a generation of vets to cope with life on the front line. Inexperienced vets will
benefit most, but there is something in this Manual for everyone with an interest
in canine practice.
We sometimes feel that we should know everything, but in truth, after a while in
clinical practice, we realise that we know nothing, but it is our ability to identify
and consult appropriate authoritative sources that determines our success.
This new Manual is a goldmine of information that can be consulted over and
over again. It will also provide a springboard to the more detailed knowledge
available in the rest of the BSAVA Manuals. I would like to thank the BSAVA for
having the foresight to publish this Manual and the editors and authors for all
their hard work in bringing it to life.
Professor Ian Ramsey BVSc PhD DSAM DipECVIM-CA FHEA MRCVS
University of Glasgow
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