Table Of ContentBrain Dynamics and the Striatal Complex
Conceptual Advances in Brain Research
A series of books focusing on brain dynamics and information processing systems of the
brain.
Edited by Robert Miller, University of Otago, New Zealand (Editor-in-chief). Günter
Palm, Universität Ulm, Germany and Gordon Shaw, University of California at Irvine,
USA.
Volume 1
Brain Dynamics and the Striatal Complex
edited by R.Miller and J.R.Wickens
Forthcoming Volumes
Complex Brain Functions—Conceptual Advances in Russian Neuroscience
edited by A.M.Ivanitsky and P.Balaban
Time and the Brain
edited by R.Miller
Sex Differences in Brain Lateralization
edited by V.L.Bianki and E.B.Filipova
Cortical Areas: Unity and Diversity
edited by A.Schüz and R.Miller
Volumes in Preparation
The Female Brain
Neural Determinism
Dynamics of Brain Function
Brain Oscillations and Functional Memory
This book is part of a series. The publisher will accept continuation orders which may be
cancelled at any time and which provide for automatic billing and shipping of each title in
the series upon publication. Please write for details.
Brain Dynamics and the Striatal Complex
Edited by
R.Miller
and
J.R.Wickens
School of Medical Sciences
University of Otago
New Zealand
harwood academic publishers
Australia • Canada • France • Germany • India • Japan
Luxembourg • Malaysia • The Netherlands • Russia • Singapore
Switzerland
This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2004.
Copyright © 2000 OPA (Overseas Publishers Association) N.V. Published by license
under the Harwood Academic Publishers imprint, part of The Gordon and Breach
Publishing Group.
All rights reserved.
No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic
or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information
storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Printed in
Singapore.
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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
ISBN 0-203-30491-8 Master e-book ISBN
ISBN 0-203-34307-7 (Adobe eReader Format)
ISBN: 90-5702-478-0 (Print Edition)
ISSN: 1029-2136
v
CONTENTS
Series Preface
vii
Preface
ix
List of Contributors
xi
1
Relationships of Substantia Nigra Dopamine Neurone Activity to Behaviour
1
Brian I.Hyland
2
The Role of Dopamine in the Control of Locomotor Activity and
Reward-Related Incentive Learning
29
Richard J.Beninger and Mary C.Olmstead
3
Stimulants and Motor-Related Striatal Neuronal Activity
51
George V.Rebec
4
Dopamine Regulation of Synaptic Plasticity in the Neostriatum: A Cellular
Model of Reinforcement
65
Jeffery R.Wickens
5
The Amygdaloid Complex: Input Processor for the Midbrain Dopaminergic
Nuclei and the Striatum
77
Robert Miller
6
Synaptology and Physiology of Neostriatal Neurones
111
Ben D.Bennett and Charles J.Wilson
7
Neural Dynamics and Surround Inhibition in the Neostriatum: A Possible
Connection
141
Jeffery R.Wickens and Dorothy E.Oorschot
8
The Domain Hypothesis: A Central Organizing Principle for Understanding
Neostriatal Circuitry?
151
Dorothy E.Oorschot
9
Adaptive Classification of Cortical Input to the Striatum by Competitive
Learning
165
Dietmar Plenz and Stephen T.Kitai
10
Insights from Gene Regulation into the Functional Role of Dopamine
in the Striatum
179
Charles R.Gerfen
11
Dopaminergic Regulation of Striatal Physiology
195
D.James Surmeier
Contents
vi
12
Striatal Contention Scheduling and the Split Circuit Scheme of Basal
Ganglia-Thalamocortical Circuitry: From Anatomy to Behaviour
209
Daphna Joel and Ina Weiner
13
Motor and Non-Motor Roles of the Cortico-Basal Ganglia Circuitry
237
Emilio Salinas, Ioan Opris, Antonio Zainos, Adrián Hernández and
Ranulfo Romo
14
Discussion Section
257
POSTLUDE
Striatal Circuitry: Categorically Selective, or Selectively Categorical?
289
Charles J.Wilson
Index
307
vii
SERIES PREFACE
The workings of the brain, including the human brain are a source of endless fascination. In
the last generation, experimental approaches to brain research have expanded massively,
partly as a result of the development of powerful new techniques. However, the development
of concepts which integrate and make sense of the wealth of available empirical data has
lagged far behind the experimental investigation of the brain. This series of books entitled
Conceptual Advances in Brain Research (CABR) is intended to provide a forum in which
new and interesting conceptual advances can be presented to a wide readership in a coherent
and lucid way.
The series will encompass all aspects of the sciences of brain and behaviour, including
anatomy, physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology, together with psychological
approaches to defining the function of the intact brain. In particular, the series will emphasise
modern attempts to forge links between the biological and the psychological levels of
describing brain function. It will explore new cybernetic interpretations of the structure of
nervous tissue; and it will consider the dynamics of brain activity, integrated across wide
areas of the brain and involving vast numbers of nerve cells. These are all subjects which
are expanding rapidly at present. Subjects relating to the human nervous system as well as
clinical topics related to neurological or psychiatric illnesses will also make important
contributions to the series.
These volumes will be aimed at a wide readership within the neurosciences. However,
brain research impinges on many other areas of knowledge. Therefore, some volumes may
appeal to a readership, extending beyond the neurosciences. Books suitable for the series
are monographs, edited multiauthor collections or books deriving from conferences, provided
they have a clear underlying conceptual theme. In order to make these books widely accessible
within the neurosciences and beyond, the style will emphasise broad scholarship
comprehensible by readers in many fields, rather than descriptions in which technical detail
of a particular speciality is dominant.
The next decades promise to provide major new revelations about brain function, with
far-reaching impact on the way we view ourselves. These great breakthroughs will require
a broad interchange of ideas across many fields. We hope that the CABR series plays a
significant part in the exploration of this important frontier of knowledge.
ix
PREFACE
This book is the first volume in a new series of books, entitled Conceptual Advances in
Brain Research. Relatively few books have been written addressing the way in which
dynamic functions are related to cellular structure and synaptic organization in the basal
ganglia. At present this is a somewhat speculative relation. Nevertheless a number of
relatively solid themes have emerged in recent years. Indeed, there has probably been
greater progress in relating structure to function within the basal ganglia than in some
other areas of the mammalian forebrain. The striatum is the largest and best characterised
nucleus within the basal ganglia, and understanding of the basal ganglia as a whole cannot
get very far without a detailed model of the striatum, relating structure to function. In
compiling this volume we have used a rather broad definition of the striatum, including
the ventral (so-called limbic) parts of it. We have also included material concerning the
structures and processes on the afferent side of the striatum (the cerebral cortex, the
dopamine rich divisions of the midbrain, and the amygdala, and their respective
functions). In later chapters, the two-way interplay between striatum and cerebral cortex
is discussed from a wider perspective.
Major issues addressed by the various contributing authors are as follows: Dominating
the early chapters of the book are several chapters dealing with the role of the dopaminergic
input to the striatum. These include consideration of the behavioural role of dopamine, the
functions of dopamine as seen in electrophysiological experiments in behaving animals,
and the actions of dopamine at the cellular and synaptic level. The link between psychological
concepts of reward-related learning (including some other aspects of instrumental
conditioning paradigms) and the underlying biology is explicitly discussed in some of these
early chapters. The middle section of the book deals with cellular, synaptic and network
organization of the striatum, considered by itself. Of some importance are attempts to derive
descriptions of network dynamics in the striatum from cytological and single-neurone
electrophysiological evidence. Another issue dealt with in some chapters of the middle
section is the relative roles of the so-called ‘direct’ and ‘indirect’ outflow pathways from the
striatum, and the possibility that they are modulated by different dopamine receptors. Both
these issues have theoretical significance well beyond the striatum, indeed for the dynamics
of the forebrain as a whole. However, empirical evidence relating to both these issues is at
present insufficient for making definitive conclusions. The last part of the book contains
two chapters exploring the mutual interaction between striatum and cerebral cortex. A
distinctive feature of the book is a discussion section which was organized by electronic
mail. This consists of an edited dialogue between some of the chapter authors (and other
invited discussants). This section seeks consensus on some issues, and explores some of the
remaining controversies.
