Bothalia Volume 39

2009·9.7 MB·English

Bothalia
A JOURNAL OF BOTANICAL RESEARCH
Vol. 39,1 May 2009
.
TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL
BIODIVERSITY INSTITUTE PRETORIA
ORbetpauibnlaibcloeffSrooumththAefrSiocuat.hAAfcraitcaalnogNuaetioofnaalll aBviaoidliavbelresiptuyblIincsattitiuotnes(wSiAllNBbIe)i,ssPureidvaotne rBeaqgueXst.101, Pretoria0001,
BOTHALIA
Bothaliais named inhonourofGeneral Louis Botha, first Premierand MinisterofAgricultureofthe Unionof
SouthAfrica.Thishousejournal oftheSouthAfricanNational BiodiversityInstitute, Pretoria, isdevotedtothe
furtherance ofbotanical science. The main fields covered are taxonomy, ecology, anatomy and cytology. Two
parts ofthejournal andan index tocontents, authorsand subjectsare published annually.
Threebookletsofthecontents(a)toVols 1-20,(b)toVols21-25,(c)toVols26-30,and(d)toVols31-37(2001—
2007)areavailable.
STRELITZIA
Aseriesofoccasional publicationsonsouthernAfricanfloraandvegetation,replacingMemoirsoftheBotanical
SurveyofSouthAfricaandAnnalsofKirstenboschBotanic Gardens.
MEMOIRS OFTHE BOTANICALSURVEYOFSOUTHAFRICA
Thememoirsare individual treatises usually ofan ecological nature, but sometimes dealingwith taxonomy or
economic botany. Published: Nos 1-63 (many outofprint). Discontinued afterNo. 63.
ANNALS OF KIRSTENBOSCH BOTANIC GARDENS
A series devoted to the publication of monographs and major works on southern African flora.Published:
Vols 14-19 (earlier volumes published as supplementary volumes to the Journal ofSouth African Botany).
DiscontinuedafterVol. 19.
FLOWERING PLANTS OFAFRICA(FPA)
This serial presentscolourplates ofAfrican plantswith accompanyingtext. The plates areprepared mainly by
the artists at the South African National Biodiverity Institute. Many botanical artists have contributed to the
series,suchasFayAnderson,PeterBally,Auriol Batten,GillianCondy,BettyConnell,StellaGower,Rosemary
Holcroft, Kathleen Lansdell, Cythna Letty (over 700 plates), Claire Linder-Smith and EllaphieWard-Hilhorst.
The Editorispleasedtoreceive living plants ofgeneral interestorofeconomic value for illustration.
From Vol. 55,twenty platesarepublishedat irregularintervals. An indextoVols 1-49 isavailable.
FLORAOFSOUTHERN AFRICA(FSA)
Ataxonomictreatiseon thefloraofthe RepublicofSouthAfrica, Lesotho, Swaziland,Namibiaand Botswana,
the FSA contains descriptions offamilies, genera, species, infraspecific taxa, keys to genera and species, syn-
onymy, literature and limited specimen citations, aswell as taxonomic and ecological notes.
ContributionstotheFSA also appearin Bothalia.
PALAEOFLORAOFSOUTHERNAFRICA
A palaeofioraon a pattern comparableto that ofthe FloraofsouthernAfrica. Much ofthe information is pre-
sented in the form oftablesand photographic platesdepicting fossil populations. Now available:
MMoolltteennoo FFoorrmmaattiioonn((TTrriiaassssiicc))VVooll..1.2.InGtyromdnuoctsipoen.rmDsicr(eoxicdliuudmi,ng19D8i3c,rboyidJi.uMm.),&1H98.3M,.bAyndJe.rMs.on&. H.M.
Anderson.
ProdromusofSouthAfrican Megafloras. Devonianto LowerCretaceous, 1985,byJ.M. & H.M.Anderson.
Obtainablefrom: A.A. Balkema Marketing, Box 317, Claremont 7735, RSA.
Towards Gondwana Alive. Promoting biodiversity and stemming the Sixth Extinction, 1999, by J.M.
Anderson (ed.).
Heydayofthegymnosperms: systematics and biodiversityoftheLateTriassic Molteno fructifications,
2003,byJ.M.Anderson & H.M.Anderson.Strelitzia 15.
Briefhistory ofthe gymnosperms: classification, biodiversity, phytogeography and ecology, 2007, by
J.M. Anderson, H.M.Anderson& C.J. Cleal.Strelitzia20.
Moltenoferns: LateTriassicbiodiversity insouthernAfrica,2008,byH.M.Anderson&J.M.Anderson.
Strelitzia21
SANBI BIODIVERSITYSERIES
Aseriesofoccasional reportsonprojects,technologies,workshops,symposiaand otheractivities initated byor
executed in partnership with SANBI.
BOTHALIA
AJOURNAL OF BOTANICAL RESEARCH
Volume 39,1
Scientific Editor: G. Germishuizen
Technical Editor: B.A. Momberg
national
biodiversity
institute
S A N B
I
2 CussoniaAvenue, Brummeria, Pretoria
Private BagX101, Pretoria 0001
ISSN 0006 8241
EditorialBoard
D.F.Cutler Royal BotanicGardens, Kew, UK
B.J. Huntley SouthAfricanNationalBiodiversityInstitute, CapeTown, RSA
P.H. Raven Missouri BotanicalGarden, StLouis, USA
M.J.A.Werger UniversityofUtrecht,Utrecht,TheNetherlands
Acknowledgements to referees
Archer,MrsC. SouthAfricanNationalBiodiversityInstitute,Pretoria,RSA.
Archer,DrR. SouthAfricanNationalBiodiversityInstitute,Pretoria,RSA.
Burrows,J.E. P.O. Box710, 1120 Lydenburg,RSA.
CarterHolmes,MrsS. RoyalBotanicGardens,Kew,UK.
CoatesPalgrave,MrsM. 9BlueKerry,30SteppesRd,P.O. Chisipite,Harare,Zimbabwe.
Dold,A.AlbanyMuseum,Grahamstown,RSA.
Edwards,DrT.J. 81 DianeCrescent,Croydon,Victoria, 3136Australia.
Geerinck,DrD. JardinBotaniqueNational,Meise,Belgium.
Hartmann,DrH.E.K. InstitutfurAllgemeineBotanik,Hamburg,Germany.
Klak,MsC.UniversityofCapeTown,RSA.
Lavranos,J.ApartadoPostal243, 8100Louie,Portugal.
Meve,DrU. UniversityofBayreuth, Bayreuth,Germany.
Smithies, MrsS.J. SouthAfricanNationalBiodiversityInstitute,Pretoria,RSA.
Snijman,DrD. SouthAfricanNationalBiodiversityInstitute, CapeTown,RSA.
VanJaarsveld,E.J. SouthAfricanNationalBiodiversityInstitute,CapeTown, RSA.
VanWyk,Prof.A.E.UniversityofPretoria,RSA.
Venter,Prof. H.J.T. UniversityofFreeState, Bloemfontein, RSA.
Walsh, DrN.G. RoyalBotanicGardens,Victoria,Australia.
Welman,MsW.G. SouthAfricanNationalBiodiversityInstitute, Pretoria,RSA.
Winter, PJ.D. SouthAfricanNational BiodiversityInstitute,Pretoria, RSA.
Xiang, DrQ.-Y. GardnerHall,NorthCarolinaStateUniversity, Raleigh, USA.
DateofpublicationofBothalia38,2: 14October2008.
CONTENTS
Bothalia 39,1
1.NewspeciesofMoraea(Iridaceae:Iridoideae),withrangeextensionsandmiscellaneousnotesforsouthern
Africanspecies. P. GOLDBLATTandJ.C. MANNING 1
2.ThreenewspeciesofDiascia(Scrophulariaceae)fromtheWesternCape,SouthAfrica. K.E. STEINER 11
3. Aloe in Angola (Asphodelaceae: Alooideae). R.R. KLOPPER, S. MATOS, E. FIGUEIREDO and G.F.
SMITH 19
.
4. Three new species ofGladiolus (Iridaceae) from SouthAfrica, a majorrange extension for G. rubellus and
taxonomicnotesforthegenusinsouthernandtropicalAfrica.J.C. MANNINGandP.GOLDBLATT 37
5.ArevisionofFumariaceae(Fumarioideae)insouthernAfrica,includingnaturalizedtaxa.J.C.MANNING,
P. GOLDBLATTandF. FOREST 47
6. TwonewspeciesofNemesia(Scrophulariaceae)fromaridareasoftheNorthernCape, SouthAfrica. K.E.
STEINER 67
7. Taxonomy and phylogeny of two subgroups of Pelargonium section Otidia (Geraniaceae). 1. The
Pelargoniumcamosumcomplex. M. BECKERandF.ALBERS 73
8. A review ofthe genus Curtisia (Curtisiaceae). E. YU. YEMBATUROVA, B-E. VAN WYK and P.M.
TILNEY 87
9.NotesonAfricanplants:
Asphodelaceae:Alooideae.Aloehahnii,anewspeciesinthesectionPictae,intheSoutpansbergCentre
ofEndemism,LimpopoProvince, SouthAfrica. R.R.KLOPPERandG.F. SMITH 98
Asphodelaceae: Alooideae. Formalizing the synonymy ofBulbine triebneri. R.R. KLOPPERand
G.F. SMITH 100
Campanulaceae. Theilerarobusta,thecorrectnameforTheileracapensis. C.N. CUPIDO 97
Ebenaceae.TypificationandanewstatusinDiospyros. M.JORDAAN 101
Thymelaeaceae.ThetrueidentityofSynaptolepiskirkii. M.JORD—AANandC.L. BREDENKAMP. ... 104
10. Closing bodies in the capsular fruits ofRuschioideae (Aizoaceae) a review. H. KURZWEIL and P.
BURGOYNE 107
11. Obituary: RobertBailyDrummond(1924-2008). M. COATESPALGRAVE 117
12. Bookreview 121
Newcombinations, name,species, subspecies and status in Bothalia39,1 (2009)
Aloehahnii GideonF.Sm. &R.R.KIopper,sp. nov.,98
Cysticapnosvesicaria(L.)Feddesubsp. namaquensisJ.C.Manning& Goldblatt,subsp. nov.,60
DiasciaappendiculataK.E.Steiner, sp. nov., 15
DiasciacollinaK.E.Steiner,sp. nov., 11
Diascia pusillaK.E.Steiner, sp. nov., 13
Diospyrosnatalensis (Harv.)Brenansubsp. nummularia(Brenan)Jordaan,stat. nov., 102
Discocapnos mundiiCham. &Schltdl. [as ‘mundtii\ subsp. dregei (Harv.)J.C.Manning& Goldblatt,stat. nov., 51
Gladiolusdolichosiphon Goldbatt&J.C.Manning,sp.nov.,37
GladioluskarooicusGoldblatt&J.C.Manning,sp.nov.,39
Gladiolus reginaeGoldblatt&J.C.Manning,sp. nov.,41
Gladiolussulculatus Goldblatt,nom.nov.,45
Moraealongipes Goldblatt&J.C.Manning,sp. nov., 5
MoraeapearsoniiGoldblatt&J.C.Manning,sp.nov.,2
Moraeatanquana Goldblatt&J.C.Manning,sp. nov.,4
NemesiaaurantiaK.E.Steiner,sp.nov.,70
NemesiasuaveolensK.E.Steiner,sp. nov.,67
Pelargoniumcarnosum(.L.)L Her. subsp. ferulaceum(Cav:)M.Becker&F.Albers,comb, nov., 73
Theilerarobusta(A.DC.) C.N.Cupido,comb,nov.,97
IV
Bothalia39,1: 1-10(2009)
New species ofMoraea (Iridaceae: Iridoideae), with range extensions
and miscellaneous notes for southern African species
P. GOLDBLATT* andJ.C.MANNING**
Keywords:Iridaceae,Iridoideae,MoraeaMill.,newspecies,southernAfrica,taxonomy
ABSTRACT
Threenewspeciesaredescribedinthelargelysub-SaharangenusMoraeaMill.(±200spp.),allfromitscentreofdiver-
sityinthewinterrainfallregionofsouthernAfrica.Moraeapearsonii,fromHottentotskloofnearCeresinWesternCape,
flowersinlateNovemberandDecemberwhenitsleavesare±dry,andhassmall,palelilac,stellateflowerswiththestyle
brancheseachdividedtothebaseintofiliformarms. Moraeatanquana,fromtheTankwaRiverBasininNorthernCape,
resemblesthesouthernNamaqualandM. deserticolabuthasbroad,planeleaves,shortanthersexsertedfromashallower
floralcupandashortstyle.InsectionAcaules,M.longipesfromNamaqualandstandsoutinitsearlyfloweringhabit,astem
consistingofasinglelongintemodereachingwellabovetheground,shortstyleandunusuallylonganthers.Moraeajarmilae
describedfromOxBow,Lesothoin2002,isconspecificwithM. albicuspaandisreducedtosynonymy.Significantrange
evexstpeenrstiionnasaarnedrMe.povrltoekdiif.oArMy.elellsoiwa-ef,lMo.wefralecdifmoolriap,h,M.lpocsaeludinostphiecPaetrad,eMb.onstpaVtahlulleaytao,fMt.hetrLiictotlloerK,aMr.oov,egiestra,epMo.rtveedrfeocruntdhea,fiMrs.t
timeintypicallyblue-toviolet-floweredM.bipartita,aswellastheoccurrenceofahybridswarm,rareinMoraea,between
M.bipartitaandM.polyanthos.
INTRODUCTION consisting ofa single long intemode reaching well above
the ground, short style and unusually long anthers. Of
The old world and largely sub-Saharan genus Moraea thesenewspecies allbutM. longipesare currentlyknown
Mill. (Iridaceae: Iridoideae) comprises some 200 species fromasinglelocalitybutwesuspectthatcollectingnearby
ofcormous geophytes. Although florally diverse, Moraea atthe appropriate times oftheyear, will showthem all to
isrecognizedinIridoideaebyabifacial,channelled(rarely havewiderranges.
terete) leafblade and corms ofa single intemode derived
fromalateralbud.Mostspecieshaveiris-likeflowerswith We take this opportunity to reduce Moraeajarmilae
flattened, petaloid style branches, with filaments at least J.J.Halda, described in 2002 from Ox Bow in Lesotho,
partially united. Other floral types make exact definition to synonymy in M. albicuspa Goldblatt, and to report
ofthe genus difficult. Moraea is most diverse in southern significantrange extensions forseveral southernAfricMan
Africa and has a marked concentration ofspecies in the species.PopulationsofthesouthwesternCapespecies
winter rainfall region ofwestern South Africa and adja- elsiaeGoldblattandM. tricolorAndrewshavebeendis-
cent southwestern Namibia, the likely area of origin of covered in the vicinity ofStilbaai in the southern Cape,
the genus (Goldblatt et al. 2002). Here we describe three range extensions of 100 km or more from their next
new species. Moraea pearsonii from Hottentotskloof, nearest stations. The Stilbaai populations ofM. tricolor
nearKaroopoort in the Ceres District, was re-collected in alsoexhibitashiftinfloweringtimeandhabitat,unprec-
2007 for the first time since its discovery 99 years ago, edented in Moraea. The widespread eastern southern
wNohveenmbH.eHr.W1.908P.eaArsolnategaftlhoewreerdinfgrasgpmeceinetsa,ryitmbalteoroimasl iinn AthferihciagnheMr.msopuantthauilnastao(fL.tfh.e) KGlraetattiKsanrooow,kanosuwrnprifsrionmg
NovemberandlateDecember,andthesmall,stellateflow- record for a plant ofotherwise mesic coastal and mon-
ers have unusual, filiform style branches each divided to tane grasslandhabitats.Apopulation thatwe refertoM.
thebase. This style conformation appearsto have evolved vespertinaGoldblatt&J.C.Manning,aspeciesuntilnow
independently four times in the genus. Moraea tanquana known from two localities on the Bokkeveld Plateau
fromtheTankwaNational Park, isalliedtoM. deserticola west of Calvinia, has been discovered in the Tankwa
Goldblatt from southern Namaqualand and M. speciosa National Park, some 200 km to the south. Although dif-
(L.Bolus) Goldblatt from the Western Karoo, and shares feringinsomerespects fromthe Bokkeveldpopulations,
with these species, cup-like, blue to mauve flowers with notablytheirslightlylargerflowersanddrierhabitat,the
subequal tepals. Although superficially resembling M. Tankwaplantsseembestincludedhereforthemoment.
deserticola, itdiffers fromthatspecies inthe shortanthers
exsertedfromthefloralcup andshortstyledividingoppo- We also report range extensions for Moraeafalcifo-
site the anther bases so that the style branches emerge liaKlatt, M.pseudospicataGoldblatt, M. spathulata, M.
Nbeatmwaeqeunalthaendanstthearnsd.sIonutseicntiitosneAacraluylfelso,weMr.inlgo,nageirpieaslfsrtoemm bvleagtet,tatLhe., lMa.stv-enraemceudndsapeGcoiledsblkatntowannduMnt.ilvlnokoiwi Gforlodm-
a small portion of the Swartberg. For M. tricolor, we
*B.A.KrukoffCuratorofAfricanBotany,MissouriBotanicalGarden, report for the first time, capsule and seed shape, and
P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166, USA. E-mail: peter.gold- compare these characters with closely related M. ciliata
[email protected]. (L.f.) KerGawl. inwhich seedsandcapsules areunusu-
ts*ua*tneb,Ci.Poormripgv.tatoenBaHegrXb7a,ri7u7m3,5SColuatrhemAofnrti,caCnapNeatTioownna.lEB-imoadiilv:ermsaitnyniInnsgti@- aoulrl.yvFaorriaMb.lebibpuatrtaiptpaeLa.rBtoolubsewcoerrdeolcatuemdenwittthhefleoxwiesrtecnocle-
MS.received:2008-05-27. ofyellow-flowered populations in an otherwise blue- to
.
2 Bothalia39,1(2009)
violet-flowered species, and discuss the presence of a between the towns of Ceres and Touws River. Plants
hybrid swarm between M. bipartita and closely allied grow in sandy alluvium overshale in washes at the foot
M. polyanthos L.f. Lastly, we discuss a likely new spe- ofthe Baviaansberg, the southernmost extremity ofthe
cies from Namibia, too inadequately known to formally Swartruggens, in open shrubland transitional between
describeandname. renosterveldandaridfynbos.
Flowering in Moraea is typically in the wet season,
NEWSPECIESANDTAXONOMICADJUSTMENTS which is summer in eastern, southern and tropicalAfrica,
and late winterand spring in western southernAfrica and
1. Moraea pearsonii Goldblatt & J.C.Manning, southwestern Namibia. A significant number of species,
sp. nov. however, exhibit a shift in their flowering to the dry sea-
mmPlantae 200-450 mm altae ex cormo globoso 20-30 ssoena,soanltwhhoeunghctohnediyttieonnsdatroeporpotdiumcaeltfhoerirvelgeeatvaetsiviengtrhoewwteh.t
diam. profunde sub terrain infosso, tunicis ex fibris Examples ofsuch species include the easternAfrican M.
nciagnmrailsicucloantsotamnatribguisn,ibufsoliionvoplruotdisuc2to3(s—o4l)itamrimo llaitnoearaid- sdturciecstaiBtaskleera,fwihnicNhovbelmoboemrs,inanAdugMu.stpstoeuOdcotsopbiecratbautfprroom-
1 longo, caule erecto ramoso ramis ultimis rhipidia southwestern South Africa, which flowers from Decem-
cuslieonsnngsiguisilisie,baxuetsfxeet1mre.ee0mn-itp1ias.bllu54is.d,m5mi-smsm5pb.aul0tbohanmilgsiimsn,issilfcaicitlinisaso,mdeionfrntlitoisers,miibltsiuebspe±arlpii4asslal±middm1be4allsmaietlmiams- bpdseirrmryoidbltuaoycriFeneeacgbrolrlnyuoeasgrwyuy,mfwmaolheniedrangtwehhtelheeernaavltfeehlsaeovrwieenslreMiaaarnteghye.tdraryMkye.lsaepanpevdlaeasrcbserao.ornweTinhim,eohsoaptnsalllyyea
2cer.oi5nstmi4g.mu5i-s5l.o30n.g5mo^,4m.r0almoinsgissmtlyomfllniagviaissd,sbsuatbyselreoemcftifilusirfcmoaartlmiivsimniianslb,vriaancnohtih±a- sl1ei8tl:.a0cT0,hfleaonwldearclskasotofpffeolrnojruailsntsttchehenrte,elaahtebosuaerfnstcbeeerfnooofroeenvwibidetethnweternieenncgtaa1rt7,:sa3un0nd—-
filiformiaduo 3.5^1.0 longaproductis, capsuladoli- the prominently positioned anthers, suggest that M. pear-
iformi4—5 x 3^1mm. soniiisadaptedforpollinationbypollen-collectingbees.
—
TYPE. Western Cape, 3319 (Worcester): Farm Diagnosis and relationships'. Moraea pearsonii has
Vrede, dry wash west ofjunction between Touwsrivier a single, long, trailing leafup to 1 m long, linear and
andCeres-Sutherlandroads, (-BA), 15 December2007, channelled when fresh but with the margins involute
Manning3128(NBG,holo.;K,MO, iso.). on drying so that the leafthen appears to be terete. The
Plants 200-450 mm high. Corm globose, 20-30 mm corm, deeply buried among the rocky alluvium up to
diam.,deeplyburied;tunicsofcoarseblackfibres,drawn 20 cm below the surface and thus difficult to extract,
into finely fibrous neck up to 150 mm long. Stem erect, has a tunic ofcoarse, black fibres. The branched inflor-
upusrupallilsyhwiwthher\e-Aexspuobseerde;ctbbrraanncchheesswaittuhpp(le-r)n4o-d6ess,esdsuillle oesfcpeanlceeslibleaca,rsnteulmlaetreouflsowseersss,ile20l-a2te5ralmmfloiwnerdicalmuestteerr.s
lateral flowerclusters. Foliage leafsolitary, basal, much These open exceptionally late in the day, and until the
longer than stem, trailing, linear and channelled but tepals unfold at ± 17:30 the plant is virtually invisible
margins inrolled when dry and thus appearing terete, 2- in the dry, lightbrown vegetation. Structurallythe flow-
d3r(y^1a)tmflmowweriidneg,anldeauthpertyo;1camullionneg,lepaavretsialblryacotr-leinkteiraenldy e(rGsolrdebslaetmtbl&e tMhoasnenionfgth2e0H0e0x)a,glwoittthisthgerosutpyleofbMraonrcaheeas
entirely sheathing, dry and papery, attenuate margins each divided to the base into thread-like arms extend-
united in lower half. Spathes dry and papery at flower- ingbetweenthe stamens. In addition, thetepals are sub-
ing, pale buffor lightly flushed with purple, attenuate, equal,withshortclawsandspreadinglimbs,andfreefila-
inner 20-33 mm long, outer ± as long as inner. Flow- ments. The Hexaglottis-type flower is typical ofseveral
ers pale lilac flushed buffon reverse; tepals with small, species ofMoraea, notably among the six, pale yellow-
transversely oblong, yellow nectar guides at limb bases, flowered species of section Hexaglottis (Vent.) Gold-
unscented,shortlyclawed,clawserect, 1.0-1.5mmlong, blatt, previously recognized as the genus Hexaglottis
apressedtobaseoffilaments, limbsspreadingorslightly Vent, until merged in Moraea (Goldblatt 1987, 1998). It
rmemfl,exiendn,erob1lo3ngx-4ellmipmt.icaSlt,amoeuntesrfbrereo;adfeirl,ame1n3tsxc4o.n5t-i5g.u0- Gisoladlbsloakttno&wnJi.nC.tMheanyneillnogw-offlowseercteidonM.Tnubainfalo(rLa.BGoolluds-)
ous at base, 3.5^4.0 mm long, suberect, mauve; anthers blatt; and in the taxonomically isolated, blue-flowered
erect,4.5-5.0 mm long, yellow, curving inwards distally Namibian M. hexaglottis Goldblatt of section Moraea
at anthesis. Ovary ovoid, 2.5-3.0 mm long; style erect, (Goldblatt 1986a). Based on vegetative morphology, we
filiform, ± 2.5 mm long, mauve, branches spreading to conclude that M. pearsonii is not allied to any ofthese
ascendingbetween anthers, dividedtobase into twofili- species but belongs in sectionPolyanthesGoldblatt, and
form arms 3.5-4.0 mm long. Capsulesbarrel-shaped,4— morepreciselywiththeblue-tolilac-ormauve-flowered
5 x 3^1 mm. Seedsangledbypressure,± 1.5 mm diam., M. crispa alliance ofwestern South Africa. Within this
rlaetdediNsohvbermobwenr, ttoesltaatesuDrefcaceembreurg;ulofsleo.weFrsloowpeerniinnggtaitme±: gcartoau,p,whiticishphearshaapssimmoislatrcblroasnelcyhianlgliepdatttoerMn.wpistehudsoessspiil-e
17:30andwiltingat±20:30. Figure 1 rithiaplisdoiaf,loswimeirlsarlacteorimn tthueniscesaosfoncowahresenbtlhaecklefaivberses,araen±d
Distribution and ecology: Moraea pearsonii is cur- dry(Goldblatt 1986a). Thestylebranchesofthis species
rentlyknownonlyfromtheroadsidebetweenHottentots- are more typical ofMoraea, being flattened and forked
kloofFarm and Karoopoort (Figure 2), almost midway onlyatthetipsandthefilamentsareunitedbasally.
Bothalia39,1(2009) 3
—
FIGURE1. Moraeapearsonii,Man-
ning3128(NBG):A,cormand
floweringstem;B,flowerwith
two tepals removed; C, inner
(left) and outer (right) tepals;
D,stylebranches;E,capsules;
F,seed. Scalebar:A,E,F, 10
mm;B,C,5mm; D,2.5 mm.
Artist:JohnManning.
History:thespecieswasfirstcollectedbyH.H.W.Pear- gle plant, in bloom close to the hottest time ofthe year.
son, Professor of Botany at the South African College Although the floral spathes were dry at the time ofcol-
(later the University of Cape Town) in late November lection, the rhipidia (flower clusters) bore flowers that
1908 during an expedition from Cape Town to Namibia. had wilted that day or the previous one. His notes on
Pearsoncollectedjusttheinflorescencebranchesofasin- the sheet (Pearson 4810) indicate that the flowers were
5
4 Bothalia39,1(2009)
to 3-branched from upper nodes; branches subtended
by sheathing, attenuate, bract-like cauline leaves. Cata-
phyllspaleandmembranous.Leaves3, lowermostbasal,
linear and channelled, 2-5 mm wide, ± three quarters
as longas stem, upper2 leaves cauline, ±as long as the
basal. Spathes green but dry and membranous apically
with brownish cusps; inner± 30 mm long, outer± half
as longas inner. Flowerspaleblue ormauve with ayel-
lowcup, andsmall, rounded,yellownectarguideson all
tepals at mouth ofcup, tepal claws minutelypuberulous
mm
atbase, 8-9 long, ascending and formingwide cup,
limbs spreading horizontally; outer tepals obovate, ±
25 mm long, limb 15-16 x 12 mm, innertepals slightly
shorter, ± 22 mm long. Stamens with filaments ± 10
mm
long, reaching to mouth of floral cup or exserted
± 1 mm, united, column cylindrical, minutely puberu-
lous at base; anthers erect, contiguous, 4-5 mm long at
mm
anthesisbut shrinkingto 3 afterdehiscence, yellow,
apressed to and concealing style. Ovary ovoid, 4—5 mm
long, exserted from spathes, uniformly pale green; style
— branching at top offilament column, branches ± 1 mm
FIGURE2. KnowndistributionofMoraeadeserticola, A;M.pear- long, concealed by anthers; stigma lobes bifid, crests
sonii.A; M. tanquana, •;M. vesper!ina, O; andM. longipes, lacking. Capsules and seeds unknown. Flowering time'.
August,probablyalsoinlateJuly. Figure3.
blue, and examination ofthe withered flowers revealed Distributionandecology: Moraeatanquanaisknown
that they had free filaments and slender style arms, thus from a single hill in the Tankwa Karoo National Park
unlike most Moraea species, which have the filaments east ofLeeuberg (Figure 2). The colony was found on a
united below and flattened style arms. More than that doleriteoutcropandcomprisesnumerousplants.
couldnotbe determined from the availablematerial and
it remained impossible to identify the plant or even to Diagnosis and relationships'. Moraea tanquana is
draw up a satisfactory description. In December 2007, mostlikelyalliedtoM. deserticolafromtheKnersvlakte
we mounted an expedition to try and locate the species, and the more widespread M. speciosa of the Western
collected northeast of Ceres, between Hottentotskloof Karoo (Goldblatt 1986b). All three have upright stems
and Karoopoort. A small population ofplants matching bearing multiple leaves, branched stems, cup-shaped,
Pearson’s original collection were located in just this palebluetomauveflowerswithnearlyequaltepals,con-
areaandconfirmedthattheyrepresentedanundescribed tiguous anthers carried on a slender, cylindrical filament
species. column and style branches lacking crests. They differ in
several vegetative and floral characteristics (Table 1).
Additionalspecimenexamined M. speciosa, mostrobustofthe three, has several, broad
— foliage leaves up to 40 mm wide, tepals 35-45 mm
WESTERN CAPE. 3319(Worcester): roadside between Hotten- long, anthers (8-)12-17 mm long, and the style divides
totsKloofandKarooPoort,(-BA),29November1908,Pearson4810 between the middle and apex ofthe anthers; when fully
(K).
extended the style branch tips typically exceed the
sp.nov2.. Moraea tanquana Goldblatt & J.C.Manning, a2n-t3hermsm. Smwaidlel,ertMe.paldsese3r0t-i3c6olamhmaslnoanrgr,oawnftohleirasge6.l0e-a6v.es
mm long (shrinking after anthesis to 5 mm) that remain
Plantae ad 0.5 m altae ex cormo subgloboso, tunicis contiguousaroundthestyle. Thestyleitselfdividesator
ex fibris crassis atrobrunneis usque nigris constantibus, just beyond the anther tips into short branches ± 1 mm
foliis 3 infimo basali lineari canaliculato 2-5 mm lato long that are carried above the anthers. In contrast, M.
superioribus caulinibus, caule usque 3-ramoso, spathis tanquana has foliage leaves up to 5 mm wide, tepals ±
herbaceis ad apicem siccis attenuatis interiore ± 30 mm 22mmlong,shortanthers,4—5 mmlong,thatexceedthe
longa, floribuspallidecaeruleisvel malvinis cum cupula style? and enclose them. The style divides opposite the
flava, tepalis exterioribus obovatis ± 25 mm longis lim- lowerthirdoftheanthers sothatthestigmatictipsofthe
bis 15-16 x 12 mm, interioribus ± 22 mm longis, fila- shortstylebranches,± 1 mmlong,emergefrombetween
mentis ± 10 mm longis in columnam connatis, antheris themiddleofthe±contiguousanthers. TheflowerofM.
contiguisadanthesin 5 mm longispostea±3 mm longis tanquana most closely resembles that ofM. deserticola
luteis, ramis styli ± 1 mm longis antheris obtectis, lobis in general aspect, butits shorteranthers are heldbeyoMnd
stigmatisbifidissinecristis. the floral cup, whereas the anthers are longer in
— deserticola and theirbases are retained within the floral
TYPE. Northern Cape, 3219 (Wuppertal): Tankwa cup.
National Park, small koppie east ofLeeuberg, 404 m, (—
BB),4August2006,Steyn872(NBG,holo.;PRE, iso.). Vegetatively Moraea deserticola also differs from
M. tanquana in its ± membranous spathes, the longer
Plantsupto0.5 m. Cormsubglobose,±20mmdiam.; innerspathe3CM10mmlong,whereas inM. tanquana
tunics ofcoarse, dark brown to blackish fibres. Stem up the spathes are green with dry attenuate tips and the