Bone and Joint Infections: From Microbiology to Diagnostics and Treatment

432 Pages·2015·6.33 MB·English

by  W. Zimmerli

Bone and Joint Infections

Bone and Joint Infections
From Microbiology to Diagnostics
and Treatment
Editor
Werner Zimmerli
This edition first published 2015 © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Bone and joint infections (Zimmerli)
Bone and joint infections : from microbiology to diagnostics and treatment / edited by Werner Zimmerli.
p. ; cm.
Includes index.
ISBN 978-1-118-58177-3 (cloth)
I. Zimmerli, Werner, 1948–, editor. II. Title.
[DNLM: 1. Osteomyelitis. 2. Arthritis, Infectious. WE 251]
RC931.O7
616.7′15–dc23
2014031385
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not
be available in electronic books.
Cover image: Courtesy Werner Zimmerli
Cover design by Soephian Zainal
Set in 10/11.5pt Times New Roman by SPi Publishers Services, Pondicherry, India
1 2015
This book is dedicated to my wife Annelies, and my children, Simone,
Joëlle, and Laurent, who sometimes queued behind the kind of patients
described in this book.

Contents
Contributors xiii
Foreword xvii
Acknowledgments xix
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
Werner Zimmerli
Chapter 2 Microbiology of Bone and Joint Infections 5
Seong Yeol Ryu and Robin Patel
Microorganisms in Osteomyelitis 5
Microorganisms in Implant-Associated Bone and Joint Infection 7
Microorganisms in Native Joint Arthritis 10
Diagnostic Approach in Osteomyelitis 11
Diagnostic Approach in Foreign Body–Associated Infection 12
Diagnostic Approach in Native Joint Infection 15
Novel Diagnostic Procedures 17
Acknowledgment 17
References 17
Chapter 3 Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antibiotics in Bone 21
Cornelia B. Landersdorfer, Jürgen B. Bulitta, and Fritz Sörgel
Pharmacokinetics 21
Bone Sample Preparation and Analysis 22
Pharmacokinetic Sampling and Data Analysis 23
Penetration of Antibiotics into Bone 24
Pharmacodynamics and Monte Carlo Simulations 31
Conclusions 34
Key Points 34
References 35
vii
viii Contents
Chapter 4 Preclinical Models of Infection in Bone and Joint Surgery 39
Lorenzo Calabro, R. Geoff Richards, and T. Fintan Moriarty
Introduction 39
Influence of Species in Preclinical Models of Bone and Joint Infection 40
Overview of Animal Models 42
Direct Inoculation with Minimal Trauma 42
Animal Osteomyelitis Models Incorporating Trauma 46
Hematogenous Models 47
Future Directions 48
Conclusion 49
Key Points 49
References 49
Chapter 5 Native Joint Arthritis in Children 55
Pablo Yagupsky
Introduction 55
Epidemiology 55
Microbiology 56
Pathogenesis 61
Clinical Presentation 62
Laboratory Investigation 63
Imaging Studies 66
Differential Diagnosis 66
Treatment 67
Prognosis 71
Key Points 72
References 72
Chapter 6 Native Joint Arthritis 77
Ilker Uçkay, Mohamed Al-Mayahi, Domizio Suvà, Daniel Lew,
and Pierre Vaudaux
Introduction 77
Pathogenesis, Epidemiology, and Microbiology 77
Diagnosis 79
Treatment 81
Outcome of Native Joint Septic Arthritis 87
Key Points 88
Acknowledgments 88
References 88
Chapter 7 Septic Arthritis of Axial Joints 93
Werner Zimmerli
Septic Arthritis of the Sternoclavicular Joint 93
Key Points 98
Septic Arthritis of the Symphysis Pubis 98
Key Points 103
Septic Arthritis of the Sacroiliac Joint 103
Key Points 107
References 107