Table Of Contentarea handbook series
Bolivia
a country study
Bolivia
a country study
Federal Research Division
Library of Congress
Edited by
Rex A. Hudson and
Dennis M. Hanratty
Research Completed
December 989
1
On the cover: The Twelfth of the Autumnal Equinox, main
figure on the back of the Great Idol of Tiwanaku, a
monolithic pillar excavated in 1932
Third Edition, First Printing, 1991.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Bolivia : a country study / Federal Research Division, Library of —
Congress edited by Rex A. Hudson and Dennis M. Hanratty.
;
3rd ed.
—
p. cm. (Area handbook series) (DA pam 550-66)
;
"Supersedes the 1973 edition ofArea h—andbook for Bolivia /
coauthors: Thomas E. Weil and others" T.p. verso.
"Research completed December 1989."
Includes bibliographical references (pp. 297-328) and index.
D
Supt. of Docs. no. 101.22:550-66/989
:
1. Bolivia. I. Hudson, Rex A., 1947- . II. Hanratty, Dennis
Michael, 1950- III. Library of Congress. Federal Research
.
Division. IV. Area handbook for Bolivia. V. Series. VI. Series:
DA pam 550-66.
;
F3308.B685 1991 90-26427
984—dc20 CIP
Headquarters, Department of the Army
DA Pam 550-66
ForsalebytheSuperintendentofDocuments, U.S. GovernmentPrintingOffice
Washington,D.C. 20402
Foreword
This volume is one in a continuing series of books now being
prepared by the Federal Research Division ofthe Library ofCon-
—
gress underthe Country Studies Area Handbook Program. The
last page of this book lists the other published studies.
Most books in the series deal with a particular foreign country,
describing and analyzingits political, economic, social, and national
security systems and institutions, and examining the interrelation-
ships of those systems and the ways they are shaped by cultural
factors. Each study iswritten by a multidisciplinary team ofsocial
scientists. The authors seek to provide a basic understanding of
the observed society, striving for a dynamic rather than a static
portrayal. Particular attention is devoted to the people who make
upthe society, theirorigins, dominantbeliefs andvalues, theircom-
mon interests and the issues on which they are divided, the nature
and extent oftheirinvolvementwith national institutions, and their
attitudes toward each other and toward their social system and
political order.
The books represent the analysis ofthe authors and should not
be construed as an expression ofan official United States govern-
ment position, policy, or decision. The authors have sought to
adhere to accepted standards ofscholarly objectivity. Corrections,
additions, and suggestions for changes from readers will be wel-
comed for use in future editions.
Louis R. Mortimer
Acting Chief
Federal Research Division
Library of Congress
Washington, D.C. 20540
iii
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to acknowledge the contributions of
Thomas E. Weil,Jan Knippers Black, Howard I. Blutstein, HansJ.
Hoyer, Kathryn T.Johnston, and David S. McMorris, who wrote
the 1973 edition oftheAreaHandbookforBolivia. The present volume
incorporates portions of their work.
The authors are grateful to individuals in various agencies of
the United States government and private institutions who gave
their time, research materials, and special knowledge to provide
information and perspective. None ofthese agencies or institutions
is in any way responsible for the work of the authors, however.
The authors also would like to thank those who contributed di-
rectly to the manuscript. These include Richard F. Nyrop, who
reviewed all drafts and served asliaisonwiththe sponsoringagency;
Sandra W. Meditz, who performed the substantive review of all
textual and graphicmaterials; MimiCantwell, whoeditedthe chap-
ters; MarthaE. Hopkins, who managed editing; AndreaT. Merrill,
who managedproduction; and BarbaraEdgerton,Janie L. Gilchrist,
and Izella Watson, who did the word processing. In addition,
BeverlyWolpert performed the final prepublication editorial review,
and Shirley Kessel compiled the index. Malinda B. Neale of the
Library of Congress Printing and Processing Section performed
phototypesetting, under the supervision of Peggy Pixley.
David P. Cabitto, who was assisted by Sandra K. Ferrell and
KimberlyA. Lord, provided invaluable graphics support. David P.
Cabitto prepared the illustrations, SandraK. Ferrell prepared the
ranks and insignia charts, and Kimberly A. Lord prepared all the
maps except forthe topography and drainage map, whichwas pre-
pared by Harriett R. Blood. Tim Merrill provided geographic
support.
Finally, the authorsacknowledge the generosityoftheindividuals
and the public and private agencies, as well as the Embassy of
Bolivia, who allowed their photographs to be used in this study.
The authors are particularly indebted to Kevin Healy ofthe Inter-
American Foundation for providing many ofthe photographs used
in this volume.
