Table Of ContentBlockchain, Big Data
and Machine Learning
Blockchain, Big Data
and Machine Learning
Trends and Applications
Edited by
Neeraj Kumar
N. Gayathri
Md. Arafatur Rahman
B. Balamurugan
First edition published 2020
by CRC Press
6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742
and by CRC Press
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN
© 2021 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
First edition published by CRC Press 2020
CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher
cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and
publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and
apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright
material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint.
Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced,
transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter
invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval
system, without written permission from the publishers.
For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, access www.copyright.com or
contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-
8400. For works that are not available on CCC please contact [email protected]
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used
only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
ISBN: 9780367370688 (hbk)
ISBN: 9780429352546 (ebk)
Typeset in Times
by Lumina Datamatics Limited
Contents
Preface......................................................................................................................vii
Editors .......................................................................................................................ix
Contributors ..............................................................................................................xi
Chapter 1 Introduction to Blockchain and Big Data .............................................1
Robbi Rahim, Rizwan Patan, R. Manikandan,
and S. Rakesh Kumar
Chapter 2 Blockchaining and Machine Learning ...............................................25
R. Venkatesh, L. Godlin Atlas, and C. Mageshkumar
Chapter 3 Blockchain Databases 1......................................................................65
S. Dhivya, S. V. Evangelin Sonia, and P. Suvithavani
First edition published 2020
by CRC Press Chapter 4 Blockchain Databases 2......................................................................97
6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742
Anurag Pandey, Abhishek Kumar, Achintya Singha,
and by CRC Press
N. Gayathri, and S. Rakesh Kumar
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN
© 2021 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
Chapter 5 Blockchain Use Cases in Big Data ...................................................111
First edition published by CRC Press 2020
Harsh Kumar, Khushbu Agrawal, M. R. Manu, R. Indrakumari,
CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
and B. Balamurugan
Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher
cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and
Chapter 6 Blockchain Storage Platforms for Big Data .....................................141
publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and
apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright
Arnab Kumar Show, Abhishek Kumar, Achintya Singhal,
material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint.
S. Rakesh Kumar, and N. Gayathri
Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced,
transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter
invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval Chapter 7 Visualizing Bitcoin Using Big Data: Mempool Visualization,
system, without written permission from the publishers.
Visualization, Peer Visualization, Attack Visual Analysis,
For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, access www.copyright.com or High-Resolution Visualization of Bitcoin Systems,
contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750- Effectiveness.....................................................................................155
8400. For works that are not available on CCC please contact [email protected]
Basetty Mallikarjuna, T. V. Ramana, Suresh Kallam,
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used
only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Rizwan Patan, and R. Manikandan
ISBN: 9780367370688 (hbk)
ISBN: 9780429352546 (ebk) Chapter 8 Blockchain and Distributed Ledger System .....................................177
Typeset in Times Yogesh Sharma, B. Balamurugan, and Firoz Khan
by Lumina Datamatics Limited
v
vi Contents
Chapter 9 Blockchain and Big Data in the Healthcare Sector ..........................207
Yogesh Sharma, B. Balamurugan, and Firoz Khan
Chapter 10 Test-Driven Development Based on Your Own Blockchain
Creation Using Javascript .................................................................233
P. Balakrishnan and L. Ramanathan
Chapter 11 A Study on Privacy-Preserving Models Using Blockchain
Technology for IoT ...........................................................................265
Syed Muzamil Basha, J. Janet, and S. Balakrishnan
Chapter 12 Convergence of IoT, AI, and Blockchain: Technology Pathway
to Swachh Bharat .............................................................................291
P. Hamsagayathri, K. Rajakumari, P. Ramya,
and K. Shoukath Ali
Chapter 13 Quantum Computation for Big Information Processing ..................315
Tawseef Ayoub Shaikh and Rashid Ali
Index ......................................................................................................................339
Preface
Blockchain is viewed as a revolutionary technology which addresses the modern
techniques of decentralization, identity, data driven decisions, and data owner-
ship. While blockchain applications and use cases are still in its nascent stages, the
potential for digital transformation is immense. Blockchain influences Big Data and
machine learning to find solution for storing and managing data in a distributed
fashion on a P2P network. Blockchain technology can be a new part of the sur-
rounding ecosystem of tools that Big Data uses. Actually, it can play a crucial role in
security for user authentication, restricting access based on a user’s need, recording
data access histories, and proper use of encryption on data. Moreover, privacy and
security are the two major concerns in Big Data analytics that should be significantly
considered to safeguard the network. The main objective of this book is to explore
threat intelligence, forensics and cyber security challenges in Big Data systems
applying machine learning concepts. In particular, we are heading for providing
solutions for the secured Big Data environment. This book is going to explicitly say
all about the dead fusion in realizing the privacy and security of blockchain based
data analytic environment.
vii
Editors
Dr. Neeraj Kumar received his PhD in CSE from SMVD University, Katra (J & K),
India, and was a postdoctoral research fellow in Coventry University, Coventry, UK.
He is working as a Full professor in the department of computer science and engi-
neering, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala (Pb.), India since
2014. He has published more than 400 technical research papers, 10 edited/authored
books, and 100 conferences publications with more than 10000 citations and h-index
of 56. He has guided many research scholars leading to earn their PhD and ME/
MTech degrees. His research is supported by funding from TCS, CSIT, UGC, and
UGC in the area of smart grid, energy management, VANETs, and cloud computing.
He is a member of the Cyber-Physical Systems and Security (CPSS) research group.
He has research funding from DST, CSIR, UGC, and TCS of more than six crores
from GOI. He has supervised 12 Ph.D students and guided 25 ME/MTech students
with their thesis. He is a senior member of IEEE.
N. Gayathri received her ME degree in computer science and engineering. She is
currently working as an assistant professor in School of Computing Science and
Engineering at Galgotias University. She has published reputed 15 (SCI journals &
Scopus indexed journals), and also presented papers in national/international confer-
ences, published book chapters in CRC Press, IGI global, Springer, Elsevier and also
have edited books in Wiley and CRC Press. Gayathri has six Indian patents. She is
a guest editor for recent patents on computer science. Her research interests include
Big Data analytics, IoT, and networks.
Md. Arafatur Rahman received his PhD degree in electronics and telecommunica-
tions engineering from the University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy in 2013.
He has more than 10 years of research and teaching experience in the domain of
computer and communications engineering. Currently, he is an associate professor
with the Faculty of Computing, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, where he has conducted
undergraduate and master’s courses and supervised more than 21 BSc, 5 MSc, and
5 PhD students. He worked as a postdoctoral research fellow with University of
Naples Federico II in 2014 and visiting researcher with the Sapienza University of
Rome in 2016. His research interests include the Internet-of-Things (IoT), wireless
communication networks, cognitive radio network, 5G, vehicular communication,
cyber-physical systems, big data, cloud-fog-edge computing, machine learning,
and security. He has developed an excellent track record of academic leadership as
well as management and execution of international ICT projects that are supported
by agencies in Italy, the EU, and Malaysia. Dr. Rahman has received number of
prestigious international research awards, notably the Best Paper Award at ICNS
2015 (Italy), IC0902 Grant (France), Italian Government PhD Research Scholarship
and IIUM Best Masters Student Award, Best Supervisor Award at UMP, Awards
in International Exhibitions including Diamond and Gold in BiS 2017 UK, Best of
the Best Innovation Award and Most Commercial IT Innovation Award, Malaysia,
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