Biosurfaces : a materials science and engineering perspective

397 Pages·2014·18.99 MB·English

by  Kantesh Balani

BIOSURFACES

BIOSURFACES
A Materials Science and
Engineering Perspective
Edited by
Kantesh Balani
Vivek Verma
Arvind Agarwal
Roger Narayan
Copyright©2015byTheAmericanCeramicSociety.Allrightsreserved.
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CONTENTS
Foreword xv
Preface xvii
Contributors xxi
1
INTRODUCTIONTOBIOMATERIALS 1
AditiPandey,RajeevKumarSharma,andKanteshBalani
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 ClassificationofBiomaterials 3
1.2.1 Polymers 6
1.2.2 SiliconeBiomaterials 27
1.2.3 Metals 29
1.2.4 Ceramics 43
1.2.5 MechanicalPropertiesofCeramics 47
1.3 Summary 55
Questions 56
References 57
2
TISSUEINTERACTIONWITHBIOMATERIALS 65
AditiPandey,AnupK.Patel,andKanteshBalani
2.1 Introduction 65
2.2 ProteinAdsorptionandCellAdhesion 67
2.2.1 CellAdhesion 73
2.3 CellMigration 74
2.4 ControlledCellDeposition 78
2.4.1 Hydrophobicity 78
2.4.2 MaterialChemistryandSurfaceCharge 78
2.4.3 SurfaceTopographyandRoughness 79
2.5 ExtracellularMatrix 81
vii
viii CONTENTS
2.6 Biomineralization 85
2.6.1 InorganicStructureofLife 87
2.6.2 TheMajorGroupsofBiominerals 88
2.6.3 TypesofBiomineralization 88
2.6.4 BiomineralTypesandFunctions 93
Questions 98
References 98
3
HOSTRESPONSEOFIMPLANTEDBIOMATERIALS 106
P.S.M.Rajesh,SankalpVerma,andVivekVerma
3.1 ImmuneResponsetoImplantedBiomaterials 107
3.1.1 Introduction 107
3.1.2 ActivationoftheImmuneSystem 108
3.1.3 CellsoftheImmuneSystem 109
3.1.4 Antibodies 111
3.1.5 Antigens 112
3.1.6 AntigenProcessingandPresentation 112
3.2 TransplantImmunology 113
3.3 Biocompatibility 114
3.3.1 Definition 116
3.3.2 InvitroandinvivoTests 118
Exercises 124
References 124
4
FUNDAMENTALSOFSURFACEMODIFICATION 126
FahadAlam,VivekVerma,andKanteshBalani
4.1 Preamble 126
4.2 Introduction 126
4.3 SurfacePropertiesofBiomaterials 128
4.3.1 ProteinAdsorption 129
4.3.2 CellAdhesionAbility 129
4.3.3 Biocompatibility 129
4.3.4 Biomimetics 130
4.3.5 Biodegradation 130
4.3.6 HydrophobicandHydrophilicSurfaces 130
4.4 SurfaceModifications 131
4.4.1 ObjectivesofSurfaceModificationofBiomaterials 131
4.4.2 MethodsofSurfaceModifications 133