Biosalinity Agriculture and Salinity Tolerance in Plants

211 Pages·2006·11.536 MB·English

by  M. Ozturk, et al.,

Biosaline Agriculture
and Salinity Tolerance
in Plants
Edited by M. O¨ztu¨rk,YoavWaisel, M.Ajmal Khan and
Gu¨ven Go¨rk
Birkha¨userVerlag
Basel •Boston •Berlin
Mu¨nirO¨ztu¨rk YoavWaisel
EgeUniversity DepartmentofPlantSciences
CenterforEnvironmentalStudies TheGeorgeS.WiseFacultyofLifeSciences
ScienceFacultyBuildingA-Blok TelAvivUniversity
35100Bornova TelAviv
Izmir-Turkey Israel
M.AjmalKhan Gu¨venGo¨rk
DepartmentofBotany DepartmentofBiology
UniversityofKarachi FacultyofScienceandArts
Karachi-75270 MuglaUniversity
Pakistan Mugla-Turkey
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Coverdesign:MichaLotrovsky,CH-4106Therwil
Coverillustration:Fromthetop:NaturallygrowingfieldofSalicorniaeuropaea(M.O¨ztu¨rk);exampleof
BiologGP2Metabolicfingerprintsoftaprootrhizospherebacterialcommunities(Y.Waisel,seepage6);
ageneralviewofhalophytesfromaninlandsalinehabitat(M.O¨ztu¨rk);Centaureaspinosafromacoastal
habiat(M.O¨ztu¨rk).
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ISBN10:3-7643-7609-0 e-ISBN10:3-7643-7610-4
ISBN13:978-3-7643-7609-3 e-ISBN13:978-3-7643-7610-9
987654321 www.birkhauser.ch
Contents
List of contributors............................................... XI
Foreword by Benno Böer, UNESCO, Doha............................ XV
Acknowledgements...............................................XVII
Section I: Physiological aspects
M. Ofek, S. Ruppel andY.Waisel
Effects of salinity on rhizosphere bacterial communities associated with
different root types ofVicia faba L. ................................. 1
M. Ashraf
Tolerance of some potential forage grasses from arid regions of Pakistan to
salinity and drought .............................................. 15
A. Atia, K. Ben Hamed, A. Debez and C. Abdelly
Salt and seawater effects on the germination of Crithmum maritimum...... 29
M.Y. Ashraf, G. Sarwar, M. Ashraf, F. Hussain, R.A.Wahed and
M.M. Iqbal
Growth performance and nutritional value of salt tolerant plants growing
under saline environments ......................................... 35
X. Liu, H. Qiao,W. Li, T. Tadano and M.A. Khan
Comparative effect of NaCl and seawater on seed germination of Suaeda
salsa and Atriplex centralasiatica .................................. 45
A. Debez,W. Taamalli, D. Saadaoui, Z. Ouerghi, M. Zarrouk,
B. Huchzermeyer and C. Abdelly
Salt effect on growth, photosynthesis, seed yield and oil composition of the
potential crop halophyte Cakile maritima............................. 55
VIII Contents
D. Messedi, I. Slama, N. Laabidi, T. Ghnaya, A. Savoure, A. Soltani and
C. Abdelly
Effect of nitrogen deficiency, salinity and drought on proline metabolism in
Sesuvium portulacastrum .......................................... 65
K.N. Toderich,V.V. Li, C.C. Black, T.R.Yunusov, E.V. Shuiskay,
G.K. Mardonova and Lilya G. Gismatullina
Linkage studies of structure, isoenzymatic diversity and some
biotechnological procedures for Salsola species under desert saline
environments.................................................... 73
N. Ben Amor, K. Ben Hamed, A. Ranieri and C. Abdelly
Kinetics of the antioxidant response to salinity in Crithmum maritimum.... 83
Section II: Ecological aspects
M. O¨ztu¨rk, A. Gu¨vensen, C¸. Go¨rk and G. Go¨rk
An overview of the coastal zone plant diversity and management strategies
in the mediterranean region of Turkey ............................... 89
S.A. Ghazanfar
Saline and alkaline vegetation of NEAfrica and theArabian peninsula:
An overview .................................................... 101
A. Aksoy and E. Hamzaog˘lu
Vegetation zones in the salty marshes of CentralAnatolia and natural
borders of agricultural usage (Turkey) ............................... 109
Section III:Agricultural aspects
H.M. El Shaer
Halophytes as cash crops for animal feeds in arid and semi-arid regions.... 117
F. Konukcu
Potential of dry drainage as a sustainable solution to waterlogging and
salinisation ..................................................... 129
M. Qadir, J.D. Oster, S. Schubert and G. Murtaza
Vegetative bioremediation of sodic and saline-sodic soils for productivity
enhancement and environment conservation........................... 137
Contents IX
V.P.S. Shekhawat, A. Kumar and K.H. Neumann
Bio-reclamation of secondary salinized soils using halophytes ............ 147
H. Kirnak
Effects of irrigation water salinity on yield and evapotranspiration of drip
irrigated cucumber in a semiarid environment ......................... 155
C. Abdelly, Z. Barhoumi, T. Ghnaya, A. Debez, K.B. Hamed, R. Ksouri,
O. Talbi, F. Zribi, Z. Ouerghi, A. Smaoui, B. Huchzermeyer and
C. Grignon
Potential utilisation of halophytes for the rehabilitation and valorisation of
salt-affected areas in Tunisia ....................................... 163
M.Y. Ashraf, F. Hussain, M.M. Iqbal,W. Maibaum and M. Ross
Interactive effect of potash and organic manures on growth and nutrient
uptake of sugarcane grown under saline conditions ..................... 173
H.H. Kayikc¸iog˘lu and B. Okur
The effects of saline irrigation water by drip irrigation on
salt distribution in soil ............................................ 187
Index .......................................................... 201
List of contributors
ChedlyAbdelly,Laboratoired’AdaptationdesPlantesauxStressAbiotiques,INRST,
BP95,Hammam-Lif,2050,Tunisia;e-mail:[email protected]
AhmetAksoy, University of Erciyes, Science andArt Faculty, Dept. of Biology,
38039Kayseri,Turkey;e-mail:[email protected]
MuhammadAshraf,DepartmentofBotany,UniversityofAgriculture,Faisalabad
(38040),Pakistan;e-mail:[email protected]
Muhammad Y. Ashraf, Stress Physiology and Plant Biochemistry Lab, Salinity
andEnvironmentalManagementDivision,NuclearInstituteforAgricultureand
Biology,P.O.Box18,JhangRoad,Faisalabad,Pakistan;
e-mail:[email protected]
AbdallahAtia,Laboratoired’AdaptationdesPlantesauxStressAbiotiques,INRST,
BP95,Hammam-Lif,2050,Tunisia
ZouhaierBarhoumi,AdaptationdesPlantesauxStressAbiotiques,INRST,BP95,
Hammam-Lif2050,Tunisia
Nader Ben Amor, Laboratoire d’Adaptation des Plantes aux Stress Abiotiques,
INRST,BP95,Hammam-Lif,2050,Tunisia
Karim Ben Hamed, Laboratoire d’Adaptation des Plantes aux StressAbiotiques,
INRST,BP95,Hammam-Lif,2050,Tunisia
ClantonC.Black,DepartmentofBiochemistryandMolecularBiology,University
ofGeorgia,LifeSciencesBuilding,Anthens,GA30602-7229,USA
AhmedDebez,Laboratoired’AdaptationdesPlantesauxStressAbiotiques,INRST,
BP95,Hammam-Lif,2050,Tunisia
HassanM.ElShaer,AnimalandPoultryProductionDivision,DesertResearchCen-
ter,P.O.Box11753,Mataria,Cairo,Egypt;e-mail:drc [email protected]
ShahinaA.Ghazanfar,RoyalBotanicGardens,Kew,Richmond,Surrey,TW93AB,
UK
TaharGhnaya,Laboratoired’AdaptationdesPlantesauxStressAbiotiques,INRST,
BP95,Hammam-Lif,2050,Tunisia
Lilya G. Gismatullina, Department of Desert Ecology and Water Resources Re-
search,SamarkandBranchofAcademyofSciences,3TimurMalikStr.,Samar-
kand703000,Uzbekistan
C¸ig˘demGo¨rk,MuglaUniversity,BiologyDepartment,Mugla,Turkey
Gu¨venGo¨rk,MuglaUniversity,BiologyDepartment,Mugla,Turkey
ClaudeGrignon,BiochimieetPhysiologieMole´culairedesPlantes,Agro-MINRA,
34060Montpellier,France
XII Listofcontributors
AykutGu¨vensen,EgeUniversity,BiologyDepartment,35100Bornova-Izmir,Turkey
Ergin Hamzaog˘lu, University of Erciyes, Science andArt Faculty ofYozgat, De-
partmentofBiology,Yozgat,Turkey;e-mail:[email protected]
Bernhard Huchzermeyer, Institut fu¨r Botanik, Universita¨t Hannover Herrenha¨u-
serstr.2,30419Hannover,Germany
FaqirHussain,StressPhysiologyandPlantBiochemistryLab,SalinityandEnvi-
ronmentalManagementDivision,NuclearInstituteforAgricultureandBiology,
P.O.Box18,JhangRoad,Faisalabad,Pakistan
Muhammad M. Iqabal, Stress Physiology and Plant Biochemistry Lab, Salinity
andEnvironmentalManagementDivision,NuclearInstituteforAgricultureand
Biology,P.O.Box18,JhangRoad,Faisalabad,Pakistan
H.Hu¨snu¨ Kayikc¸iog˘lu,EgeUniversityFacultyofAgriculture,DepartmentofSoil
Science,Bornova-Izmir,35100Turkey;e-mail:[email protected]
M. Ajmal Khan, Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270,
Pakistan
Halil Kirnak, University of Harran, Agriculture Faculty, Irrigation Department,
63200Sanliurfa,Turkey;e-mail:[email protected]
Fatih Konukcu, Trakya University, Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, Irrigation and
DrainageDepartment,59030Tekirdag,Turkey;
e-mail:[email protected]
AshwaniKumar,BiotechnologyLaboratory,DepartmentofBotany,Universityof
Rajasthan,Jaipur-Rajasthan,302004,India
Riadh Ksouri, Adaptation des Plantes aux Stress Abiotiques, INRST, BP 95,
Hammam-Lif2050,Tunisia
NahlaLaabidi,Laboratoired’AdaptationdesPlantesauxStressAbiotiques,INRST,
BP95,Hammam-Lif,2050,Tunisia
Victoria V. Li, Department of Desert Ecology and Water Resources Research,
Samarkand Branch of Academy of Sciences, 3 Timur Malik Str., Samarkand
703000,Uzbekistan
WeiqiangLi,CenterforAgriculturalResourcesResearch,InstituteofGeneticsand
DevelopmentalBiology,ChineseAcademyofSciences,286HuaizhongRaod,
Shijiazhuang,Hebei050021,P.R.China
XiaojingLiu,CenterforAgriculturalResourcesResearch,InstituteofGeneticsand
DevelopmentalBiology,ChineseAcademyofSciences,286HuaizhongRaod,
Shijiazhuang,Hebei050021,P.R.China;e-mail:[email protected]
WolfgangMaibaum,AgriculturalAdvisoryDepartment,K+SKaliGmbH,Bertha-
vonSuttner-Strasse7,34131Kassel,Germany
GulnaraK.Mardonova,DepartmentofDesertEcologyandWaterResourcesRe-
search,SamarkandBranchofAcademyofSciences,3TimurMalikStr.,Samar-
kand703000,Uzbekistan
DorsafMessedi,Laboratoired’AdaptationdesPlantesauxStressAbiotiques,INRST,
BP95,Hammam-Lif,2050,Tunisia
GhulamMurtaza,InstituteofSoilandEnvironmentalSciences,UniversityofAgri-
culture,Faisalabad38040,Pakistan
Karl-HermannNeumann,Institutfu¨rPflanzenerna¨hrung,AbteilungGewebekultur,
IFZ,Heinrich-Buff-Ring26-32,35392GiessenGermany
Listofcontributors XIII
MayaOfek,DepartmentofPlantSciences,TelAvivUniversity,RamatAviv69978,
TelAviv,Israel
Bu¨lentOkur,EgeUniversityFacultyofAgriculture,DepartmentofSoilScience,
Bornova-Izmir,35100Turkey;e-mail:[email protected]
Jim D. Oster, Department of Environmental Sciences, Unversity of California,
Riverside,CA92521,USA
ZeinebOuerghi,Laboratoired’AdaptationdesPlantesauxStressAbiotiques,INRST,
BP95,Hammam-Lif,2050,Tunisia
Mu¨nirO¨ztu¨rk,BotanyDepartment,ScienceFaculty,EgeUniversity,35100Bornova-
Izmir,Turkey;e-mail:[email protected]
Manzoor Qadir, International Center forAgricultural Research in the DryAreas,
P.O.Box5466,Aleppo,Syria;e-mail:[email protected]
HailongQiao,CenterforAgriculturalResourcesResearch,InstituteofGeneticsand
DevelopmentalBiology,ChineseAcademyofSciences,286HuaizhongRaod,
Shijiazhuang,Hebei050021,P.R.China
Annamaria Ranieri, Dipartimento Chimica e Biotecnologie Agrarie, Universita`
deglistudidiPisa,Pisa,Italy
Marcus Ross, Agricultural Advisory Department, K+S Kali GmbH, Bertha-von
Suttner-Strasse7,34131Kassel,Germany
SilkeRuppel,InstituteofVegetableandOrnamentalCropsGrossbeeren/Erfurte.V.,
Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg1,14979Grossbeeren,Germany
Dhouha Saadaoui, Laboratoire d’Adaptation des Plantes aux Stress Abiotiques,
INRST,BP95,Hammam-Lif,2050,Tunisia
GhulamSarwar,StressPhysiologyandPlantBiochemistryLab,SalinityandEnvi-
ronmentalManagementDivision,NuclearInstituteforAgricultureandBiology,
P.O.Box18,JhangRoad,Faisalabad,Pakistan
ArnouldSavour,Unite´ PhysiologieCellulaireetMole´culairedesPlantes,CNRS-
UMR7632,4PlaceJussieu,Paris,France
SvenSchubert,InstituteofPlantNutrition,JustusLiebigUniversity,Heinrich-Buff-
Ring26-32,35392Giessen,Germany
VijendraP.S.Shekhawat,BiotechnologyLaboratory,DepartmentofBotany,Uni-
versityofRajasthan,Jaipur-Rajasthan,302004,India;
e-mail:[email protected]
ElenaV.Shuiskay,DepartmentofDesertEcologyandWaterResourcesResearch,
Samarkand Branch of Academy of Sciences, 3 Timur Malik Str., Samarkand
703000,Uzbekistan
Ines Slama, Laboratoire d’Adaptation des Plantes aux StressAbiotiques, INRST,
BP95,Hammam-Lif,2050,Tunisia
AbderrazzakSmaoui,AdaptationdesPlantesauxStressAbiotiques,INRST,BP95,
Hammam-Lif2050,Tunisia
Abdelaziz Soltani, Laboratoire d’Adaptation des Plantes aux Stress Abiotiques,
INRST,BP95,Hammam-Lif,2050,Tunisia
WaelTaamalli,LaboratoiredeCaracte´risationdeQualite´del’Huiled’Olive,INRST,
BP95,Hammam-Lif,2050Tunisia
XIV Listofcontributors
ToshiakiTadano,DepartmentofAppliedBiologyandChemistry,FacultyofApplied
Bio-Science, Tokyo University ofAgriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuraoka, Setagaya-ku,
Tokyo,156-8502,Japan
OnsTalbi,AdaptationdesPlantesauxStressAbiotiques,INRST,BP95,Hammam-
Lif2050,Tunisia
KristinaN.Toderich,DepartmentofDesertEcologyandWaterResourcesResearch,
Samarkand Branch of Academy of Sciences, 3 Timur Malik Str., Samarkand
703000,Uzbekistan;e-mail:[email protected]
RiazA.Wahed,StressPhysiologyandPlantBiochemistryLab,SalinityandEnvi-
ronmentalManagementDivision,NuclearInstituteforAgricultureandBiology,
P.O.Box18,JhangRoad,Faisalabad,Pakistan
YoavWaisel,DepartmentofPlantSciences,TelAvivUniversity,RamatAviv69978,
TelAviv,Israel;e-mail:[email protected]
TemurR.Yunusov,DepartmentofDesertEcologyandWaterResourcesResearch,
Samarkand Branch of Academy of Sciences, 3 Timur Malik Str., Samarkand
703000,Uzbekistan
Mokhtar Zarrouk, Laboratoire de Caracte´risation de Qualite´ de l’Huile d’Olive,
INRST,BP95,Hammam-Lif,2050Tunisia
FethiaZribi,AdaptationdesPlantesauxStressAbiotiques,INRST,BP95,Hammam-
Lif2050,Tunisia
Foreword
Global demand for the precious resource of water has increased six-fold over the
pastcentury,withathree-foldincreaseinworldpopulation.Thewatercrisisisone
ofthemostcriticalchallengesfacingtheworldtoday.
Seawaterisgloballyavailableinabundance,andhypersalinesoilsarewidespread.
Basedonscience,andwithcarefullyestablishedgoodpractices,largeareasofsaline
soilscanbeconvertedintohighproductivityman-madeagro-ecosystems.
Substantialinformationhasbeenprovidedbynumerousscientistssincetheearly
1960s,regardingtherestoration,functioning,anddevelopmentofsalineecosystems
andhalophytes,andinternationalcentresandsocietieshavebeenestablished.
Wehavetobereadytorespondwhenlandbecomesnon-productiveduetohigh
saltconcentrations.Theavailabilityofcorrectandadequatescientificknowledgeis
absolutelyessentialtodevelopgoodbiosalinemanagementpractices.
UNESCOhassupportedanumberofsuchactivities,societiesandcentres,and
thisiswellintunewiththeorganisation’sfocusonwaterandassociatedecosystems.
Itisnowimportanttoidentifythenextimportantmilestones.Aconcertedinterna-
tionalactionisrequiredinordertocontinuetheprocessofadvancingscience-based
biosalinepractices,andtodevelopprofitablemodelsandproducts.Itisalsoimportant
toraisepublicawareness:somemarketableproductshavealreadybeendeveloped,
andprovidevaluableservicestomankind,suchasSalicorniabigelovii,Salicornia
europaea, Aster tripolium (vegetable and salad), Conocarpus erecta, Conocarpus
lanciofolius (roadside trees), and Sesuvium portulacastrum (to replace freshwater
dependantgroundcover),tonameonlyafew.
TheArabStatesintheGulfsuffergreatlyfromalackoffreshwateravailability,
whereassalinegroundwaterandseawateroccurinabundance.
Itiswiththisinmind,thattheUNESCOOfficeinDoha,andinagreementwith
theUNESCOOfficeinVenice,decidedtosupportArabexpertstoparticipateinThe
InternationalConferenceonBiosalineAgricultureandSalinityToleranceinPlants,
MuglaUniversity,Turkey,inJanuary2005,aswellaswiththisimportantpublication.
Thebookhasthreesections:thefirstsectiondealswithphysiologicalaspectsof
salttolerance.Itprovidesdataandnewinformationregardinganumberofmoder-
ate to high salinity tolerant plants species, such asVicia faba, a cash crop, several
grassspecies,aswellasCrithmummaritimum,Suaedasalsa,Salsolaspp,Atriplex
centralasiatica,Cakilemaritima,aswellastheseawatertolerantSesuviumportula-
castrum.