Biointerface Engineering: Prospects in Medical Diagnostics and Drug Delivery

259 Pages·2020·8.121 MB·English

by  Pranjal Chandra, Lalit M. Pandey

Pranjal Chandra
Lalit M. Pandey  Editors
Biointerface
Engineering:
Prospects in
Medical Diagnostics
and Drug Delivery
Biointerface Engineering: Prospects in
Medical Diagnostics and Drug Delivery
(cid:129)
Pranjal Chandra Lalit M. Pandey
Editors
Biointerface Engineering:
Prospects in Medical
Diagnostics and Drug
Delivery
Editors
PranjalChandra LalitM.Pandey
LaboratoryofBio-PhysioSensorsand Bio-interfaceandEnvironmentalEngineering
Nano-bioengineering,Departmentof Lab,DepartmentofBiosciencesand
BiosciencesandBioengineering Bioengineering
IndianInstituteofTechnologyGuwahati IndianInstituteofTechnologyGuwahati
Guwahati,Assam,India Guwahati,Assam,India
SchoolofBiochemicalEngineering
IndianInstituteofTechnology(BHU)
Varanasi
Varanasi,UttarPradesh,India
ISBN978-981-15-4789-8 ISBN978-981-15-4790-4 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4790-4
#SpringerNatureSingaporePteLtd.2020
Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartofthe
materialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation,
broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformation
storageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodology
nowknownorhereafterdeveloped.
Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication
doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant
protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse.
The publisher, the authors, and the editorsare safeto assume that the adviceand informationin this
bookarebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishernortheauthorsor
theeditorsgiveawarranty,expressedorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedhereinorforany
errorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublisherremainsneutralwithregardtojurisdictional
claimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations.
ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSingaporePteLtd.
The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721,
Singapore
Contents
1 EngineeredDrugDeliverySystems:InsightsofBiointerface. . . . . . 1
RushikeshFopase,AmanBhardwaj,VivekSinghYadav,
andLalitM.Pandey
2 TissueEngineeringStrategiesforToothandDento-alveolar
RegionwithEngineeredBiomaterialandStemCells. . . . . . . . . . . . 31
SiddharthaDas,VivekP.Soni,andJayeshR.Bellare
3 AntifoulingPeptoidBiointerfaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
VarunSaxena,MartynG.L.Merrilees,andKingHangAaronLau
4 StructureandRheologyofHydrogels:ApplicationsinDrug
Delivery. . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . 75
SaiGeethaMarapureddyandPrachiThareja
5 SurfaceEngineeringinWearableSensorsforMedicalDiagnostic
Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
DevinSchmidt,AnilMahapatro,andKimCluff
6 ModulationofPhysicochemicalPropertiesofPolymersfor
EffectiveInsulinDeliverySystems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
PrateekRanjanYadavandSudipK.Pattanayek
7 OrganizationofBio-MoleculesinBulkandOverthe
Nano-Substrate:PerspectivetotheMolecularDynamics
Simulations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
SunilKumarandTrilochanMishra
8 MedicalDiagnosticsBasedonElectrochemicalBiosensor. . . . . . . . 167
NalinH.ManiyaandDiveshN.Srivastava
9 NanomaterialFunctionalizationStrategiesinBio-Interface
DevelopmentforModernDiagnosticDevices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
KuldeepMahato,AshutoshKumar,BuddhadevPurohit,
SupratimMahapatra,AnanyaSrivastava,andPranjalChandra
vv
vi Contents
10 Bio-Nano-InterfaceEngineeringStrategiesofAuNPsPassivation
forNext-GenerationBiomedicalApplications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
AshutoshKumar,BuddhadevPurohit,KuldeepMahato,
SupratimMahapatra,AnanyaSrivastava,andPranjalChandra
11 Electro-opticalAnalysisasSensingSystemforDetection
andDiagnosticsofBacterialCells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
O.I.GuliyandV.D.Bunin
About the Editors
PranjalChandra iscurrentlyemployedasanAssistantProfessorattheSchoolof
Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, India.
He earned his Ph.D. from Pusan National University, South Korea, and did post-
doctoral training at Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Israel. His research
focus is highly interdisciplinary, spanning a wide range in biotechnology,
nanobiosensors, material engineering, nanomedicine, etc. He has designed several
commercially viable biosensing prototypes that can be operated for onsite analysis
forbiomedicaldiagnostics,environmentalmonitoring,andotherpoint-of-caretest-
ing applications. He has published five books on various aspects of biosensors/
medical diagnostics from IET London, Springer Nature, CRC press, USA. He has
also published over 85 journal articles in topmost journals of his research area
including Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Analytical Chemistry, Biomaterials,
Chemical Communications, Electroanalysis, etc. His work has been greatly
highlighted in over 300 topmost news agencies globally including Rajya Sabha
TV; DD Science; Science Trends, USA; Nature India; Vigyan Prasar; Global
Medical Discovery, Canada; APBN Singapore; Business Wire, Dublin; etc. He is
a recipient of many prestigious awards and fellowships such as DST Ramanujan
fellowship (Government of India); Early Carrier Research Award (DST, Govern-
mentofIndia);BrainKorea-21andNationalResearchFoundationfellowship,South
Korea; Technion post-doctoral fellowship, Israel; NMS Young scientist award,
Biotech Research Society India Young Scientist Award, Young Engineers Award
2018, RSC Highly Cited Corresponding Author Award (general chemistry); ACS/
Elsevier Outstanding Reviewer Awards; etc. He is a reviewer of over 50 interna-
tionaljournalsandexpertprojectreviewerofvariousnational/internationalfunding
agencies. He is Associate Editor of Sensors International and an editorial board
member of the Materials Science for Energy Technologies by KeAi and Elsevier,
World Journal of Methodology, USA; Frontiers of Biosciences, USA; Reports in
PhysicalSciences,Singapore.
Lalit M. Pandey is an Associate Professor in the Department of Biosciences and
Bioengineering,IITGuwahati.HehascompletedhisPh.D.inChemicalEngineering
from Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi. He was awarded Erasmus Mundus
India4EU fellowship to pursue his research at Laboratoire des Matériaux et du
vviiii
viii AbouttheEditors
GéniePhysique(LMGP),Grenoble-INP,France,for18monthsduring2010–2012.
Prior to joining IIT Guwahati, he was working as a Scientist with the Central
Pollution Control Board, Ministry of Environment & Forests, Govt. of India, from
2009to2014andwasinvolvedinresearch/studyrelatingtowaterandairpollution
in agro-based industries. He has received DST-UKIERI award 2018, IEI (The
Institution of Engineers [India]) Young Engineers Award 2017, Innovation in
Science Pursuit for Inspired Research (INSPIRE) Faculty Award 2014, and Early
CareerResearchAwardfromScienceandEngineeringResearchBoard(SERB)by
Department of Science & Technology, Govt. of India. His research area includes
Biointerfaces and Biomaterials, Biochemical engineering and Environmental Bio-
technology. He has published about 50 scientific articles in international journals,
includingJ.Phys.Chem.C,ColloidsandSurface:B,Langmuir,ACSBiomater.Sci.
Eng., Materials Science and Engineering: C, Applied Surface Science, J. Chem.
Eng.Data,BioresourceTechnology,JournalofEnvironmentalChemicalEngineer-
ing, etc. He is on the Editorial Board of four international journals and Guest
AssociateEditorinBiomaterials(Frontiers).HeisalifememberoftheInternational
Association of Engineers (IAENG), the Indian Institute of Chemical Engineers
(IIChE),NanoandMolecularSociety(India),andreviewerofseveralpeer-reviewed
journals.
1
Engineered Drug Delivery Systems: Insights
of Biointerface
Rushikesh Fopase, Aman Bhardwaj, Vivek Singh Yadav,
and Lalit M. Pandey
Abstract
Drugdeliverysystems arenowwell developedandinusefor varioustherapies.
These systems surpass conventional mode of drug administration by efficiently
deliveringthedesiredconcentrationsofbioactivedrug.Typically,drugdelivery
inthebodyisaninterfacialphenomenon.Interactionoftheadministeredcarrier
molecules with the body fluid depends on the physiochemical properties of the
carriermoleculesandhencecontrolsitspharmacokinetics.However,nonspecific
interactions and physiological stability of these molecules within biological
systemsmayresultincomplicationsduringthetherapyandstimulatetheimmune
responses.Also,theinsolubilityofhydrophobicdrugsisamajorproblemintheir
therapeuticapplications.Target-specificdrugdeliverywithcontrolledinterfacial
interactionsisapossiblealternativetoovercomethesechallenges.Theregulation
of interactions at biointerface allows modulating the in vivo administration of a
carrier system. Various engineered nanomaterials, emulsion and polymer-based
drug delivery systems, have been explored in the literature. Further, surface
modificationsandfunctionalizationofthesedeliverysystemsarefoundtoregu-
late interfacial interactions. The modification not only controls the reaction
potency of drug with the biological systems but also enhances the stability and
compatibility. This chapter describes the designing of engineered drug delivery
systemsusingpolymers,self-assembledmonolayers,andemulsions.Application
of these strategies to alter the surface chemistry of drug molecules and delivery
systemsiselaboratedthroughrecentstudies.Bio-interfacialaspectsoftheabove-
designedsystemsarehighlightedtoconfirmtheirfidelitytobeusedaseffective
drugdeliverysystems.
R.Fopase·A.Bhardwaj·V.S.Yadav·L.M.Pandey(*)
Bio-interfaceandEnvironmentalEngineeringLab,DepartmentofBiosciencesandBioengineering,
IndianInstituteofTechnologyGuwahati,Guwahati,Assam,India
e-mail:[email protected]
#SpringerNatureSingaporePteLtd.2020 1
P.Chandra,L.M.Pandey(eds.),BiointerfaceEngineering:ProspectsinMedical
DiagnosticsandDrugDelivery,https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4790-4_1
2 R.Fopaseetal.
Keywords
Drugdelivery·Biointerface·Emulsions·Polymers·Self-assembledmonolayers
1.1 Introduction
Drugdeliveryplaysavitalroleinthesuccessoftherapeutics.Drugdeliverysystems
areintendedtodeliverdesiredconcentrationsofadrugmoleculetoaspecificsiteto
achieveefficienttreatmentwithoutexhibitingsideeffects.Conceptofdrugdelivery
was first coined in the 1950s, and since then the advancements in the technology
resultedinthearisingofdrugdeliverysystemswithlong-termstabilityandsustain-
ablerelease(Park2014).Thesesystemsofferadvantageslikeimprovedstabilityand
activity of the drug molecules, better pharmacokinetics, and reduced side effects
(Lietal.2019).
Interaction of the drug delivery systems with biological system determines the
fateofdrugmolecules andhencethesuccessofthetreatment(Mahonetal.2012).
Drugdeliveryisaninterfacialphenomenonandgovernedbythesurfaceproperties
of the carrier (Buckton 2000). When the carrier system enters the body, it initially
interacts with the different biological fluids depending on the mode of administra-
tion. The interaction of drug molecules with body fluid is referred to as medium
effect and depends on the interfacial potential, for example, self-energy of surface
moieties. Medium effect involves the simultaneous short-range interactions of
solvent and solute molecules such as adhesion and bonding forces (Israelachvili
2015).Proteinspresentinbiologicalfluidgetadsorbedonthecarriersurfaceforming
proteincoronaanddecidesthecellinteractionandbiocompatibilitywiththecarrier
molecules,ultimatelytheprogressionofthecarriersystem(Ganetal.2019;Hasan
etal.2018a).Thesurfaceenergyofthesystemwhichcontrolstheproteinadhesionis
thefunctionofhydrophobicityorhydrophilicity(Limaetal.2011;DallinandVan
Lehn2019;Pandeyetal.2013;Hasanetal.2018a).Solid–liquidinterfaceregulates
the process in case of in vivo solid-state drug delivery systems such as
nanomaterials, while liquid–liquid interface controls the process in case of liquid
state drug delivery systems such as nanoemulsions (Packham 2003). Interfacial
energy between these two types of carrier systems determines the adhesion of the
proteinandotherbiologicalmacromoleculesonthecarriermolecules.Lowersurface
energyfavorstheoptimumcompatibilitywithblood,whilebetterproteinadsorption
isfavoredbyhighinterfacialenergy(Andradeetal.1987;Leininger1972).
Inconventionaldrugdelivery,drugmoleculeswereadministratedintheformof
pills, ointments, gels, suspensions, and oral solutions to treat various health
conditions.However,suchapproachesresultinthereducedefficiencyduetoinacti-
vationofthenativestructureofdrugmoleculesbybiologicalfluidandotherfactors
leading to the requirement of a higher dose. Moreover, nonspecific interactions of
drugmoleculeswithhealthytissuesanddifferentbiologicalprocessesresultinsome
sideeffects(Sharmaetal.2011;Lang1995;Langer1990).Focusingthetherapytoa
specificdiseasedsiteisthebestpossibleapproachtoavoidsuchsideeffectsandto