Table Of ContentThe Handbook of Environmental Chemistry 81
Series Editors: Damià Barceló · Andrey G. Kostianoy
Alexander P. Lisitsyn
Viacheslav V. Gordeev Editors
Biogeochemistry
of the Atmosphere,
Ice and Water of the
White Sea
The White Sea Environment Part I
The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry
Founding Editor: Otto Hutzinger
(cid:1)
Editors-in-Chief: Damia Barcelo´ (cid:129) Andrey G. Kostianoy
Volume 81
Advisory Editors:
Jacob de Boer, Philippe Garrigues, Ji-Dong Gu,
Kevin C. Jones, Thomas P. Knepper, Alice Newton,
Donald L. Sparks
Moreinformationaboutthisseriesathttp://www.springer.com/series/698
Biogeochemistry of the
Atmosphere, Ice and Water
of the White Sea
The White Sea Environment Part I
VolumeEditors:AlexanderP.Lisitsyn(cid:1) ViacheslavV.Gordeev
With contributions by
A. I. Agatova (cid:1) N. V. Arzhanova (cid:1) T. A. Belevich (cid:1) V. A. Bobrov (cid:1)
L. L. Demina (cid:1) V. V. Gordeev (cid:1) L. V. Ilyash (cid:1) N. M. Kokryatskaya (cid:1)
V. B. Korobov (cid:1) K. N. Kosobokova (cid:1) N. M. Lapina (cid:1) G. A. Leonova (cid:1)
A. P. Lisitsyn (cid:1) N. V. Mordasova (cid:1) I. A. Nemirovskaya (cid:1)
A. N. Novigatsky (cid:1) N. M. Pertsova (cid:1) O. S. Pokrovsky (cid:1)
I. G. Radchenko (cid:1) T. N. Ratkova (cid:1) V. V. Sapozhnikov (cid:1)
V. P. Shevchenko (cid:1) D. P. Starodymova (cid:1) N. I. Torgunova (cid:1)
A. A. Vinogradova (cid:1) L. S. Zhitina
Editors
AlexanderP.Lisitsyn ViacheslavV.Gordeev
ShirshovInstituteofOceanology ShirshovInstituteofOceanology
RussianAcademyofSciences RussianAcademyofSciences
Moscow,Russia Moscow,Russia
ISSN1867-979X ISSN1616-864X (electronic)
TheHandbookofEnvironmentalChemistry
ISBN978-3-030-05149-5 ISBN978-3-030-05150-1 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05150-1
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2018964917
©SpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2018
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Editors-in-Chief
Prof. Dr. Dami(cid:1)a Barcelo´ Prof. Dr. Andrey G. Kostianoy
DepartmentofEnvironmentalChemistry ShirshovInstituteofOceanology
IDAEA-CSIC RussianAcademyofSciences
C/JordiGirona18–26 36,NakhimovskyPr.
08034Barcelona,Spain 117997Moscow,Russia
and [email protected]
CatalanInstituteforWaterResearch(ICRA)
H20Building
ScientificandTechnologicalParkofthe
UniversityofGirona
EmiliGrahit,101
17003Girona,Spain
[email protected]
Advisory Editors
Prof. Dr. Jacob de Boer
IVM, VrijeUniversiteit Amsterdam,The Netherlands
Prof. Dr. Philippe Garrigues
Universityof Bordeaux,France
Prof. Dr. Ji-Dong Gu
The Universityof HongKong,China
Prof. Dr. Kevin C. Jones
Universityof Lancaster, UnitedKingdom
Prof. Dr. Thomas P. Knepper
Universityof AppliedScience, Fresenius,Idstein, Germany
Prof. Dr. Alice Newton
Universityof Algarve, Faro,Portugal
Prof. Dr. Donald L. Sparks
Plant and SoilSciences, Universityof Delaware, USA
The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry
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Aims and Scope
Since 1980, The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry has provided sound
and solid knowledge about environmental topics from a chemical perspective.
Presenting a wide spectrum of viewpoints and approaches, the series now covers
topics such as local and global changes of natural environment and climate;
anthropogenicimpactontheenvironment;water,airandsoilpollution;remediation
and waste characterization; environmental contaminants; biogeochemistry; geo-
ecology;chemicalreactionsandprocesses;chemicalandbiologicaltransformations
as well as physical transport of chemicals in the environment; or environmental
modeling. A particular focus of the series lies on methodological advances in
environmentalanalyticalchemistry.
vii
Series Preface
Withremarkablevision,Prof. OttoHutzingerinitiatedTheHandbook ofEnviron-
mentalChemistry in1980andbecamethe foundingEditor-in-Chief.Atthattime,
environmental chemistry was an emerging field, aiming at a complete description
of the Earth’s environment, encompassing the physical, chemical, biological, and
geologicaltransformationsofchemicalsubstancesoccurringonalocalaswellasa
global scale. Environmental chemistry was intended to provide an account of the
impact of man’s activities on the natural environment by describing observed
changes.
Whileaconsiderableamountofknowledgehasbeenaccumulatedoverthelast
three decades, as reflected in the more than 70 volumes of The Handbook of
Environmental Chemistry, there are still many scientific and policy challenges
ahead due to the complexity and interdisciplinary nature of the field. The series
will therefore continue to provide compilations of current knowledge. Contribu-
tions are written by leading experts with practical experience in their fields. The
Handbook of Environmental Chemistry grows with the increases in our scientific
understanding, and provides a valuable source not only for scientists but also for
environmental managers and decision-makers. Today, the series covers a broad
rangeofenvironmentaltopicsfromachemicalperspective,includingmethodolog-
icaladvancesinenvironmentalanalyticalchemistry.
Inrecentyears,therehasbeenagrowingtendencytoincludesubjectmatterof
societal relevance in the broad view of environmental chemistry. Topics include
life cycle analysis, environmental management, sustainable development, and
socio-economic, legal and even political problems, among others. While these
topics are of great importance for the development and acceptance of The Hand-
bookofEnvironmentalChemistry,thepublisherandEditors-in-Chiefhavedecided
tokeepthehandbookessentiallyasourceofinformationon“hardsciences”witha
particular emphasis on chemistry, but also covering biology, geology, hydrology
andengineeringasappliedtoenvironmentalsciences.
Thevolumesoftheseriesarewrittenatanadvancedlevel,addressingtheneeds
ofbothresearchersandgraduatestudents,aswellasofpeopleoutsidethefieldof
ix
x SeriesPreface
“pure” chemistry, including those in industry, business, government, research
establishments, and public interest groups. It would be very satisfying to see
these volumes used as a basis for graduate courses in environmental chemistry.
Withitshighstandardsofscientificqualityandclarity,TheHandbookofEnviron-
mental Chemistry provides a solid basis from which scientists can share their
knowledge on the different aspects of environmental problems, presenting a wide
spectrumofviewpointsandapproaches.
TheHandbookofEnvironmentalChemistryisavailablebothinprintandonline
via www.springerlink.com/content/110354/. Articles are published online as soon
as they have been approved for publication. Authors, Volume Editors and
Editors-in-Chief are rewarded by the broad acceptance of The Handbook of Envi-
ronmentalChemistrybythescientificcommunity,fromwhomsuggestionsfornew
topicstotheEditors-in-Chiefarealwaysverywelcome.
Dami(cid:1)aBarcelo´
AndreyG.Kostianoy
Editors-in-Chief
Preface
Thisbookintheseries“TheHandbookofEnvironmentChemistry”consistsoftwo
parts and is devoted to the most significant results of multiannual investigations
(2001–2016)inframeworksoftheprogram“TheWhiteSeaSystem.”Thisprogram
was realized by the Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of the Russian Academy of
Sciences.Themaintaskoftheprogramwastousethenewsourcesofinformation
(micro- and nano-sized particles, satellite information, hydro-optical and
hydrophysical methods, biostratigraphy of high resolution, and particularly the
direct measurements of the vertical fluxes of sedimentary material from different
geospheresoftheEarth)tocreatethesystemofinvestigationsofthenewgeneration
ontheWhiteSeaexample.
PartIofthebookcontainstheresultsofwatercolumninvestigationsofthissea.
Thenewdataarepresentedinthefieldsofresearchesofthesourcesofsedimentary
material(aerosols,riverdischarge),hydrochemistry,thebiologicalpoolsofthesea
(phytoplankton, zooplankton), nutrients and organic carbon, trace elements in
seawater, suspended matter, and in total plankton and oil products in water and
snow-icecover of the sea. The presented results confirm the important roleof the
biogenicfactorandbiofiltrationprocessinthetransformationandtransportationof
sedimentarymaterialfromwatersurfacelayertothebottomevenunderconditions
when, according to our data, the terrigenous material prevails in the bottom
sedimentsoftheWhiteSea.
Inthisbook,theunitedresearchresultsareconsidered,whichwereperformedin
the framework of the state assignment of FASO Russia (theme No 0149-2018-
0016).
Moscow,Russia AlexanderP.Lisitsyn
Moscow,Russia ViacheslavV.Gordeev
xi
