Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter

807 Pages·2002·40.63 MB·English

by  Dennis A. Hansell, Craig A. Carlson

Biogeochemistry
of Marine
Dissolved
Organic Matter
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Biogeochemistry
of Marine
Dissolved
Organic Matter
Edited by
Dennis A. Hansell
University of Miami
Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science
Miami, Florida
Craig A. Carlson
University of Californian Santa Barbara
Santa Barbara, California
/ ^ ACADEMIC PRESS
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For the support and balance that
only family can provide we dedicate this
hook to our beloved spouses Paula and Alison^ and our
children Allison and Rachel, and Matthew and Hayden.
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Contents
Contributors xi
Foreword xv
Preface xi
Chapter 1
Why Dissolved Organics Matter?
John I. Hedges
I. Introduction 1
1. DOM Research Pre-1970 2
I. DOM Research in the 1970s 7
IV. DOM Research in the 1980s 1
V. "New" DON and DOC 13
VI. Why Disolved Organics Mater 23
VI. What did we Learn? 25
References 27
Chapter 2
Analytical Methods for Total DOM Pools
Jonathan H. Sharp
I. Introduction 35
I. Disolved Organic Carbon Analysis 37
I. Disolved Organic Nitrogen Analysis 45
IV. Disolved Organic Phosphorus Analysis 49
Contents
V. Multielemental Methods 51
VI. TheLimitsof Elemental Analyses 51
VI. The Ned for Continual use of Reference Materials 52
References 54
Chapter 3
Chemical Composition and Reactivity
Ronald Benner
I. Introduction 59
II. Distribution and Chemical Characteristics of Bulk
Marine DOM 64
III. Major Topics of Ongoing and Future Research About the CycUng
of DOM 80
References 85
Chapter 4
Production and Removal Processes
Craig A. Carlson
I. Introduction 91
I. DOM Production Proceses 92
I. DOM Removal Proceses 16
IV. DOM LabiUty 123
V. DOM Acumulation 13
VI. Summary 137
References 139
Chapter 5
Dynamics of DON
Deborah A. Bronk
I. Introduction 153
I. Concentration and Composition of the DON Pol 154
I. Sources of DON 186
IV. Sinks for DON 207
V. DON l\imover Times 26
Contents ix
VI. Summary 27
References 231
Chapter 6
Dynamics of DOP
D. M. Karl and K. M. Bjorkman
I. Introduction 250
I. Terms, Definitions, and Concentration Units 253
III. TheEarly Years of Pelagic Marine P-Cycle Research
(184-195) 258
IV. The Pelagic Marine P-Cycle: Key Pols and Proceses 262
V. Sampling, Incubation, Storage, and Analytical
Considerations 26
VI. DOP in the Sea: Variations in Space 280
VI. DOP in the Sea: Variations in Time 294
VI. DOP Pol Characterization 306
IX. DOP Production, Utilization, and Remineralization 34
X. Conclusions and Prospectus 347
References 348
Chapter 7
Marine Colloids and Trace Metals
Mark L Wells
I. Introduction 367
I. Definition of Marine Coloids 369
I. Analytical Methods 372
IV. Metal Content of Marine Coloidal Mater 380
V. The Chemical Form of Coloidal Metals 385
VI. Particulate-Based Estimates of Colloidal Metal
Concentrations 38
VI. Sources of Metal-Complexing Coloidal Ligands 389
VI. Measurement of Coloid Reaction Rates 390
IX. The Biological Availability of Coloidal Bioactive Metals 395
X. Summary 396
References 397