Biochemistry of Schizophrenia and Addiction: In Search of a Common Factor

340 Pages·1980·6.37 MB·English

by  D. F. Horrobin

Biochemistry of Schizophrenia
and Addiction
Biochemistry of Schizophrenia
and Addiction
In Search of a Common Factor
Edited by
Gwynneth Hemmings
Honorary Secretary
I
The Schizophrenia Association of Great Britain
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... /.
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MTPPRESS LIMITED International Medical Publishers
Published by
MrP Press Limited
Falcon House
Lancaster, England
Copyright © 1980 MTP Press Limited
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1980
All rights reserved. No part of this publication
may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system, or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording or otherwise, without prior
permission from the publishers.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Biochemistry of Schizophrenia and Addiction
1. Schizophrenia - Congresses
2. Drug abuse - Congresses
I. Hemmings, Gwynneth H.Schizophrenia
Association of Great Britain
616.8'982 RC514
ISBN-13: 978-94-009-8708-1 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-009-8706-7
DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-8706-7
Contents
List of Contributors viii
Preface xi
Foreword xiii
List of Abbreviations xiv
SECTION 1: PATHOGENESIS
1 The role of a prostagiandin EI deficiency in schizophrenia:
interactions with dopamine and opiates: D. F. Horrobin,
M. S.Manku,M. OkaandS. C. Cunnane 3
2 The pathogenesis of schizophrenia: T. J. Crow 19
3 Opiates, opioid peptides and their possible relevance to schizo-
phrenia: J. F. W. Deakin 39
4 The possible actions of peptides with opioid activity derived
from pepsin hydrolysates of wheat gluten and other consti
tuents of gluten in the function of the central nervous system:
W. A. Kleeand C. Zioudrou 53
5 Preliminary studies of the identification of brain peptides in re
lation to the genesis and expression of schizophrenia:
H. R. Morris, A. Dell and A. T. Etienne 77
6 The role of the dopamine system in schizophrenia: C. W. Abell 85
SECTION 2: IMMUNOLOGY
7 The relevance of immunopathology to research into schizo-
phrenia:A. M. Denman 97
8 Some connections between immunoglobulins and schizo-
phrenia: E. Pulkkinen 111
v
vi BIOCHEMISTRY OF SCHIZOPHRENIA AND ADDICTION
9 Antibodies to wheat proteins in schizophrenia: relationship or
coincidence?: W. Th. J. M. Hekkens, A. J. M. Schipperijn and
D. L. J. Freed 125
10 The effects of hormones on immune responses: J. A. McIntyre
and W. Page Faulk 135
11 Binding of chlorpromazine and HLA-A1 antibodies to human
lymphocyte membranes: M. Donner and J. N. Mehrishi 153
12 The possible role of a prostagiandin E deficiency in the
j
immunologieal abnormalities seen in schizophrenia: D. F.
Horrobin 165
13 Immunologieal reaction of psychotic patients to fractions of
gluten: A. Ashkenazi, D. Krasilowsky, S. Levin, D. Idar,
M. Kalian, A. Or, Y. Ginat and B. Halperin 169
SECTION 3: ADDICTION
14 ß-endorphin and endoloxone: messengers of the autonomie
nervous system for the conservation or expenditure of bodily
resources and energy in anticipation of famine or feast:
D. L. Margules 179
15 The pharmacology of tobacco smoking in relation to schizo-
phrenia: G. H. Hall 199
16 Alcoholism and schizophrenia: abasie science approach:
J. M. Littleton 209
17 Opiate dependence and tolerance: a pharmacological analysis:
D. L. Francis 227
SECTION 4: PUERPERAL PSYCHOSES
18 Puerperal schizophrenia?: I. F. Brockington, E.Schofield and
K. Gregory 267
SECTION 5: ENZYMOLOGY
19 The digestion and absorption of dietary protein: J. F. Woodley,
E. E. Sterchi, J. F. Bridges, T. Forsyth, L. Faulkner, J. Lucy and
A. Makin 277
CONTENTS vii
SECTION 6: PHYSIOLOGY
20 Correlation between behavioural responses and cardiovascu
lar changes and the central nervous mechanisms responsible
forthem: S. M. Hilton 289
SECTION 7: MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY
21 Schizophrenia and physical disease: a preliminary analysis of
data from the Oxford Record Linkage Study: J. A. Baldwin 297
SECTION 8: DRUG TREATMENTS
22 Depot neuroleptics and tardive dyskinesia: prospective
study: A. C. Gibson 321
23 Recent developments in the drug treatment of schizophrenia:
B. Costall and R. J. Naylor 337
Index 337
List of Contributors
C.W.ABELL S. C. CUNNANE
Department of Human Biological P.O. Box 10
Chemistry and Genetics Nun's Island, Montreal H3E 1J8
Division of Biochemistry Canada
The University of Texas Medical Branch
Galveston, Texas 77550, USA
J. F. W. DEAKIN
Departments of Neurophysiology
A. ASHKENAZI and Neuropharmacology
Department of Pediatrics A National Institute for Medical Research
and Pediatric Research Laboratory Mill Hill, London, United Kingdom
Kaplan Hospital
Rehovot, Israel A.DELL
Department of Biochemistry
J. A. BALDWIN Imperial College
Unit of Clinical Epidemiology London SW7, United Kingdom
University of Oxford
Oxford, United Kingdom A.M.DENMAN
Division of Immunology
Clinical Research Centre and
J. F. BRIDGES
Northwick Park Hospital
Department of Gastroenterology
Harrow HA13UJ, United Kingdom
University of Manchester
Manchester, United Kingdom
M.DONNER
Research Unit of Experimental
I. F. BROCKINGTON
Cancerology and Radiobiology (U.95)
Department of Psychiatry
I.N.S.E.R.M.
University Hospital of South Manchester
Plateau de Brabois
Manchester, United Kingdom
54500 Vandoeuvre-Ies-Nancy, France
B.COSTALL A. T. ETIENNE
Postgraduate School of Studies in Department of Biochemistry
Pharmacology Imperial College
University of Bradford London SW7, United Kingdom
Bradford, United Kingdom
W.P.FAULK
T.J.CROW Blond McIndoe Centre for Transplantation
Division of Psychiatry Biology
Clinical Research Centre Queen Victoria Hospital
Harrow HA13UJ, United Kingdom East Grinstead, United Kingdom
vüi
ix
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS
L.FAULKNER S.M.HILTON
Department of Biological Sciences Department of Physiology
University of Keele The Medieal School
Keele, United Kingdom University of Birmingham
Birmingham, Uni ted Kingdom
T.FORSYTH
Department of Biologieal Seien ces D. F. HORROBIN
University of Keele P.O. Box 10
Keele, United Kingdom Nun's Island, Montreal H3E 1J8
Canada
D. L. FRANCIS
Research Department D.IDAR
Miles Laboratories Ud. Pediatrie Research Laboratory
Stoke Poges, Slough SL2 4L Y Kaplan Hospital
Uni ted Kingdom Rehovot, Israel
D.L.FREED M.KALIAN
Departments of Bacteriology and Virology Department of Psychiatry D
University of Manchester Medieal School Talbieh Psychiatrie Hospital
Manchester, United Kingdom Jerusalem, Israel
A.C.GIBSON W. A. KLEE
Department of Psychiatry Laboratory of General and Comparative
St Ann's Hospital Biochemistry
Canford Cliffs, Poole, United Kingdom National Institute of Mental Health
Bethesda, Maryland 20014, USA
Y.GINAT
D. KRASILOWSKY
Department of Psychiatry H
Talbieh Psychiatrie Hospital Talbieh Psychiatrie Hospital
Jerusalem, Israel
Jerusalem, Israel
S.LEVIN
K.GREGORY
Department of Pediatrics A and Pediatric
Department of Psychiatry
Research Laboratory
University Hospital of South Manchester
Kaplan Hospital
Manchester, United Kingdom
Rehovot, Israel
G.H.HALL J. M. LITTLETON
Department of Pharmacology Department of Pharmacology
SchoolofPharmacy King' s College
Sunderland Polytechnie London, United Kingdom
Sunderland SR13SD, United Kingdom
J.LUCY
B.HALPERIN Department of Biological Sciences
Department of Psychiatry D University of Keele
Talbieh Psychiatrie Hospital Keele, United Kingdom
Jerusalem, Israel
J. A. MCINTYRE
W. Th. J. M. HEKKENS Blond McIndoe Centre for Transplantation
Department of Gastroenterology Biology
University Hospital Queen Vietoria Hospital
Leiden, The Netherlands East Grinstead, United Kingdom
X BIOCHEMIsTRY OF SCHIZOPHREN IA AND ADDICTION
A. MAKIN A.OR
Department of Biological Sciences Pediatric Research Laboratory
University of Keele Kaplan Hospital
Keele, United Kingdom Rehovot, Israel
M.S.MANKU
E. PULKKINEN
P.O. Box 10
Kellokoski Hospital
Nun's Island, Montreal H3E 1J8
04500 Kellokoski, Finland
Canada
D. L. MARGULES A. J. M. SCHIPPERIJN
Department of Psychology Department of Internal Medicine
Temple University Psychiatrie Clinic "Saneta Maria"
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands
J. N. MEHRISHI
E. SCHOFIELD
Department of Medicine
Department of Psychiatry
University of Cambridge
University Hospital of South Manchester
Addenbrooke' s Hospital
Manchester, United Kingdom
Cambridge CB2 2QQ, Uni ted Kingdom
H.R.MORRIS E. E. STERCHI
Department of Biochemistry Abteilung für Gastroenterologie
Imperial College Universitäts-Kinderklinik
London SW7, Uni ted Kingdom Bern, Switzerland
R.J.NAYLOR
Postgraduate School of Studies in J. F. WOODLEY
Pharmacology Department of Biological Sciences
University of Bradford University of Keele
Bradford, United Kingdom Keele, United Kingdom
M.OKA C.ZIOUDROU
P.O. Box 10 Department of Biology
Nun' s Island, Montreal H3E 1J8 Nuclear Research Center "Democritos"
Canada Aghia Paraskevi, Attiki, Greece
Preface
The main theme of this book concems the relationship, if any, between
schizophrenia and addietion. Are they linked biochemieally? Is there a
common factor for all addietions? We need to know whether the chemis
try of addiction can help clarify the biochemistry of schizophrenia and
vice versa. There is much anecdotal evidence that many sufferers from
schizophrenia are addieted to smoking, are adversely affected by even
small amounts of alcohol and do have their schizophrenie illness wor
sened by street drugs. We would urge our readers to try to find correla
tions between some of the findings described here on the biology of
schizophrenia and what they read in the up-to-date chapters on addie
tions.
We would like to thank all the authors for the excellence of their work
and for their cooperation and understanding of our needs and also, for
the second time this year, to thank MTP Press for their willingness to pub
lish a perhaps somewhat provocative book. We thank them for their
humanity.
Gwynneth Hemmings
TyrTwr
Llanfair Hall
Caernarvon
Gwynedd
Wales
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