Table Of ContentBIOCHEMISTRY OFLIPIDS, LIPOPROTEINS AND MEMBRANES (5TH EDN.)
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Biochemistry of Lipids, Lipoproteins
and Membranes (5th Edn.)
Edited by
Dennis E. Vance
Group on Molecular and Cell
Biology of Lipids and Department of Biochemistry,
University of Alberta,Edmonton,Alberta,Canada
and
Jean E. Vance
Group on Molecular and Cell
Biology of Lipids and Department of Medicine,
University of Alberta,Edmonton,Alberta,Canada
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First edition 2008
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Preface
The first edition of this textbook was published in 1985. Since that time, studies on the
biochemistry and molecular biology of lipids and lipoproteins have underscored the phys-
iological importance of lipids. Important new roles of genes involved in lipid metabolism,
and their relationship to diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, obesity, stroke, cancer,
and neurological disorders, have been revealed. The 5th edition of this textbook, therefore,
takes into account the major advances in these fields and, in addition, provides basic
knowledge of the genes and proteins involved in lipid metabolic processes. This edition
has been written with two major objectives in mind. The first is to provide students and
teachers with an advanced up-to-date textbook covering the major areas in the biochem-
istry and molecular biology of lipids, lipoproteins, and membranes. As in previous editions
of this book, the chapters are written at a level that is accessible to students who have already
taken an introductory course in biochemistry and are therefore familiar with the basic con-
cepts and principles of biochemistry and lipid metabolism. Thus, we hope that this volume
will provide the basis for an advanced course for the undergraduate and graduate students
with an interest in the lipid field. The second objective of this book is to satisfy the need
for a general reference book for scientists and researchers who are presently working in,
or are about to enter, the lipid and related fields. This book is unique in that it is not a col-
lection of exhaustive reviews on the topics covered in each chapter, but rather is a current,
readable, and critical summary of the field. Our goal was to present a clear summary of each
research area. This book should allow scientists to become familiar with recent discover-
ies related to their own research interests, and should also help clinical researchers and
medical students keep abreast of developments in basic science that are important for clin-
ical advances in the future.
All of the chapters have been extensively revised since the 4th edition appeared in 2002.
We have not attempted to describe in detail the structure and function of biological mem-
branes or the mechanism by which proteins are assembled into membranes as these topics
are covered elsewhere in a number of excellent books. The first chapter, however, contains
an up-to-date summary of the principles of membrane structure as a basis for the material
covered in the subsequent chapters.
As the chapters do not constitute comprehensive reviews of the various topics, we have
limited the number of references cited at the end of each chapter and have emphasized
recent review articles. Additional up-to-date reviews are available on all the topics inclu-
ded in this book. In addition, some of the primary literature is cited within the body of the
text by providing the name of one of the authors and the year in which the article was pub-
lished. Using this system, readers should be able to find the original citations by searching
an on-line database.
vi Preface
The editors and contributors assume full responsibility for the content of the chapters.
We shall be pleased to receive any comments and suggestions for future editions of this
book.
Dennis E. Vance and Jean E. Vance
Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
August, 2007
List of contributors*
Khosrow Adeli 507
Molecular Structure and Function Research Institute,The Hospital for Sick Children,
University of Toronto,Toronto,ON M5G1X8,Canada
Luis B. Agellon 423
McGill University School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition,Ste. Anne de Bellevue,
QC H9X 3V9,Canada
David A. Bernlohr 277
Department of Biochemistry,Molecular Biology and Biophysics,The University of
Minnesota,321 Church St. SE,Minneapolis,MN 55455,USA
Mikhail Bogdanov 1
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,University of Texas-Houston,
Medical School,6431 Fannin,Suite 6.200,Houston,TX 77030,USA
William Dowhan 1
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,University of Texas-Houston,
Medical School,6431 Fannin,Suite 6.200,Houston,TX 77030,USA
Christopher J. Fielding 533
Cardiovascular Research Institute and Departments of Physiology and Medicine,
University of California,San Francisco,CA 94143-0130,USA
Phoebe E. Fielding 533
Cardiovascular Research Institute and Departments of Physiology and Medicine,
University of California,San Francisco,CA 94143-0130,USA
Ann V. Hertzel 277
Department of Biochemistry,Molecular Biology and Biophysics,The University of
Minnesota,321 Church St. SE,Minneapolis,MN 55455,USA
Ana Jonas 485
Department of Biochemistry,College of Medicine,University of Illinois
at Urbana-Champaign,506 South Mathews Avenue,Urbana,IL 61801,USA
* Authors’names are followed by the starting page number(s) of their contribution(s).
viii List of contributors
Laura Liscum 399
Department of Physiology,Tufts University School of Medicine,136 Harrison Avenue,
Boston,MA 02111,USA
Gopal K. Marathe 245
Department of Cell Biology,Lerner Research Institute,Cleveland Clinic,Cleveland,
OH 44195,USA
Thomas M. McIntyre 245
Department of Cell Biology,Lerner Research Institute,Cleveland Clinic,Cleveland,
OH 44195,USA
Anant K. Menon 39
Department of Biochemistry,Weill Cornell Medical College,1300 York Avenue,
New York,NY 10065,USA
Alfred H. Merrill, Jr. 363
School of Biology,Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences,Georgia Institute
of Technology,Atlanta,GA 30332-0230,USA
Eugenia Mileykovskaya 1
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,University of Texas-Houston,
Medical School,6431 Fannin,Suite 6.200,Houston,TX 77030,USA
Makoto Miyazaki 191
Departments of Biochemistry and Nutritional Sciences,University of Wisconsin–Madison,
433 Babcock Drive,Madison,WI 53706,USA
and
Department of Medicine,Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension,University of
Colorado Health Sciences Center,4200 East 9th Ave.,Denver,CO80262,USA
Robert C. Murphy 331
Department of Pharmacology,University of Colorado-Denver,Health Sciences Center,
RC1 South Tower,L18-6121,12801 E. 17th Avenue,Aurora,CO 80045,USA
James M. Ntambi 191
Departments of Biochemistry and Nutritional Sciences,University of Wisconsin–Madison,
433 Babcock Drive,Madison,WI 53706,USA
John B. Ohlrogge 97
Department of Plant Biology,Michigan State University,East Lansing,MI 48824,USA
Michael C. Phillips 485
Lipid Research Group,Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia,University of Pennsylvania
School of Medicine,3615 Civic Center Blvd.,Philadelphia,PA 19104-4318,USA
List of contributors ix
Charles O. Rock 59
Department of Infectious Diseases,St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital,Memphis,
TN 38105,USA
and
Department of Molecular Biosciences,University of Tennessee Health Science Center,
Memphis,TN 38163,USA
Katherine M. Schmid 97
Department of Biology,Butler University,Indianapolis,IN 46208-3485,USA
Wolfgang J. Schneider 555
Department of Medical Biochemistry,Max F. Perutz Laboratories,Medical University of
Vienna,Dr. Bohr Gasse 9/2, A-1030 Vienna,Austria
Horst Schulz 131
Department of Chemistry,City College of CUNY,Convent Avenue at 138th Street,
New York,NY 10031,USA
Stuart Smith 155
Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute,5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way,
Oakland,CA 94611,USA
William L. Smith 331
Department of Biological Chemistry,University of Michigan Medical School,Ann Arbor,
MI 48108-0606,USA
Fred Snyder 245
Oak Ridge Associated Universities,Retired,Oak Ridge,TN 37831,USA
Hei Sook Sul 155
Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology,University of California,Berkeley,
CA 94720,USA
Ira Tabas 579
Departments of Medicine,Pathology and Cell Biology,and Physiology and Cellular
Biophysics,Columbia University,630 West 168th Street,New York,
NY 10032,USA
Brian R. Thompson 277
Department of Biochemistry,Molecular Biology and Biophysics,The University of
Minnesota,321 Church St. SE,Minneapolis,MN 55455,USA
Dennis E. Vance 213
Group on Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids and Departments of Biochemistry
and Medicine,University of Alberta,Edmonton,Alta. T6G 2S2,Canada
