Biochemical Protozoology As A Basis For Drug Design

656 Pages·1991·5.652 MB·English

by  Graham H. Coombs

Biochemical Protozoology

Biochemical Protozoology
Edited by
Graham H.Coombs
Department of Zoology
The University, Glasgow
Michael J.North
Department of Biological
and Molecular Sciences,
University of Stirling

Taylor & Francis
London • Washington DC
19 91
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This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2004.

Copyright © Taylor & Francis Ltd. 1991
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A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

ISBN 0-203-22125-7 Master e-book ISBN

ISBN 0-203-27590-X (Adobe eReader Format)
ISBN 0-7484-0000-1 (Print Edition)
ISBN 0-7484-0001-X pbk

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Contents

Preface xi
Contributors xiii
Chapter 1. The current status of biochemical protozoology 1
G.H.Coombs and M.J.North
Chapter 2. The biochemistry of malaria: an overview 6
I.W.Sherman
Chapter 3. Pneumocystis carinii: potential targets for chemotherapeutic
attack 35
W.E.Gutteridge
Chapter 4. Giardia cysts: their biochemistry and metabolism 52
E.L.Jarroll
Chapter 5. The biochemical activities and importance of the ciliate
protozoa in the rumen ecosystem 61
A.G.Williams
Chapter 6. Energy metabolism of anaerobic parasitic protists 80
M.Müller
Chapter 7. The effects of environmental factors on the metabolism of
Giardia and Trichomonas 92
D.Lloyd and T.A.Paget
Chapter 8. Energy metabolism in Giardia intestinalis 102
P.J.Schofield and M.R.Edwards
Chapter 9. Amino acids catabolism in anaerobic protists 113
B.C.Lockwood and G.H.Coombs
v
vi Contents
Chapter 10. Intermediary metabolism of Leishmania 123
J.J.Blum
Chapter 11. Glycosomes 134
F.R.Opperdoes
Chapter 12. Mitochondrial metabolism of African trypanosomes 145
J.F.Turrens
Chapter 13. Mitochondria of Plasmodium 154
M.Fry
Chapter 14. Proteinases of mammals: an overview 168
R.W.Mason
Chapter 15. Proteinases of parasitic protozoa: an overview 180
M.J.North
Chapter 16. New approaches to molecular analysis of proteinases of
parasitic protozoa 186
J.H.McKerrow and J.A.Sakanari
Chapter 17. Proteinases of Trypanosoma cruzi 191
J.J.Cazzulo
Chapter 18. Proteinases of African trypanosomes 200
J.D.Lonsdale-Eccles
Chapter 19. Cysteine proteinases of leishmanias 208
G.H.Coombs, C.D.Robertson and J.C.Mottram
Chapter 20. The promastigote surface proteinase of Leishmania 221
R.Etges and J.Bouvier
Chapter 21. Proteinases of trichomonads and Giardia 234
M.J.North
Chapter 22. The cysteine proteinase of Entamoeba histolytica: cloning of
the gene and its role as a virulence factor 245
J.H.McKerrow, J.Bouvier, A.Sikes, S.Reed
and W.E.Keene
Chapter 23. Amoebapain, the major proteinase of pathogenic Entamoeba
histolytica 251
H.Scholze
Contents vii
Chapter 24. Proteinases of malaria parasites 257
P.J.Rosenthal
Chapter 25. Plasmodium proteinases during the erythrocytic phase of
infection 270
J.Schrével, C.Barrault, P.Grellier, R.Mayer and
M.Monsigny
Chapter 26. Proteinases of Babesia 281
P.W.Riddles and R.L.Blakeley
Chapter 27. Glycosylated phosphatidylinositols of the trypanosomatidae 286
M.J.McConville
Chapter 28. Structural variations of the leishmanial lipophosphoglycan 304
S.J.Turco
Chapter 29. Lipid biochemistry of trypanosomatids 312
P.A.Haughan and L.J.Goad
Chapter 30. Lipids and lipid metabolism of trichomonads (Tritrichomonas
foetus and Trichomonas vaginalis) 329
D.G.Lindmark, D.H.Beach, B.N.Singh and
G.G.Holz, Jr
Chapter 31. Lipid composition of the membranes of malaria-infected
erythrocytes and the role of drug-lipid interactions in the
mechanism of action of chloroquine and other antimalarials 336
R.Zidovetzki and I.W.Sherman
Chapter 32. Adaptation of Leishmania species to an acidic environment 349
D.Zilberstein
Chapter 33. Glucose uptake mechanisms as potential targets for drugs
against trypanosomatids 359
B.H.Ter Kuile
Chapter 34. Transport and compartmentation in Entamoeba histolytica 367
T.Bakker-Grunwald
Chapter 35. Substrate specificities for malaria-inducible red cell transport
in relation to parasite metabolism 377
B.C.Elford, R.A.Pinches, J.C.Ellory and C.I.Newbold
Chapter 36. Nucleoside transport in malaria- and Babesia-infected cells 387
A.M.Gero
viii Contents
Chapter 37. Approaches to investigating cation metabolism in malaria-
infected erythrocytes 404
S.Krishna and K.J.H.Robson
Chapter 38. Cation-transporting ATPases of Plasmodium 415
K.Tanabe
Chapter 39. Is the multidrug resistant protein of the malaria parasite
involved in drug resistance? 424
Chapter 40. S-Adenosylmethionine metabolism in parasitic protozoa 436
F.Lawrence and M.Robert-Gero
Chapter 41. Methionine recycling as a target for antiprotozoal drug
development 450
M.K.Riscoe, P.A.Tower, D.H.Peyton, A.J.Ferro and
J.H.Fitchen
Chapter 42. Polyamine metabolism in anaerobic protozoa 458
N.Yarlett and C.J.Bacchi
Chapter 43. Polyamine metabolism in African trypanosomes 469
C.J.Bacchi, N.Yarlett, B.Goldberg, A.J.Bitonti and
P.P.McCann
Chapter 44. Trypanothione metabolism as a target for drug design:
molecular modelling of trypanothione reductase 482
K.Smith, A.Mills, J.M.Thornton and A.H.Fairlamb
Chapter 45. The antioxidant enzymes glutathione reductase and
trypanothione reductase as drug targets 493
R.L.Krauth-Siegel, H.Lohrer, U.S.Bücheler and
R.H.Schirmer
Chapter 46. Polyamine biosynthesis as a target for the chemotherapy of
trypanosomatid infections 506
A.J.Bitonti, P.P.McCann, C.J.Bacchi and A.Sjoerdsma
Chapter 47. New approaches to the chemotherapy of drug-resistant malaria 517
A.J.Bitonti, P.P.McCann and A.Sjoerdsma
Chapter 48. Purine metabolism in parasitic protozoa and its relationship to
chemotherapy 524
J.J.Marr
Contents ix
Chapter 49. Phosphomonoesterases of parasitic protozoa 537
P.A.Bates
Chapter 50. Genetic analysis of folate transport and metabolism in
Leishmania donovani 554
J.T.Beck and B.Ullman
Chapter 51. Folate metabolism as a target for chemotherapy of malaria 560
R.D.Walter
Chapter 52. Protein synthesis as a target for antiprotozoal drugs 569
T.D.Edlind
Chapter 53. The mode of action of benzimidazoles against Giardia and
their chemotherapeutic potential against Giardia and other
parasitic protozoa 587
J.A.Reynoldson, R.C.A.Thompson and B.P.Meloni
Chapter 54. Biochemical and molecular mechanisms of resistance to
nitroheterocyclic drugs in Giardia intestinalis 594
P.F.L.Boreham, J.A.Upcroft and P.Upcroft
Chapter 55. Possibilities for new antiprotozoal drugs: the TDR/WHO
approach 605
C.D.Ginger