Bibliography on aircraft fire hazards and safety. Volume 2: Safety. Part 1: Key numbers 1 to 524

408 Pages·2009·11.33 MB·English

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19740019379 2018-01-31T20:27:53+00:00Z
N74 27492
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NASA TECHNICAL NASA TM X-7155
MEMORANDUM
Lr\
I
N74-27492
BIBLIOGRAPHY
(NASA-TM-X-71553-Vol-2-Pt-1)
ON AIRCRAFT FIRE HAZARDS AND SAFETY.
.VOLUME 2: SAFETY. PART 1: KEY
Unclas
nUMBERS 1 TO 524 (NASA) ..
43139
BIBLIOGRAPHY ON AIRCRAFT
FIRE HAZARDS AND SAFETY
Volume II - SAFETY
compiled by James J. Pelouch, Jr. and Paul T. Hacker
Aerospace Safety Research and Data Institute
Lewis Research Center
Cleveland, Ohio 44135
May 1974
REPRODUCED BY .L
NATIONAL TECHNICAL
INFORMATION SERVICE
U. S. DEPARTMENT OFC OMMERCE
SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22161
This information is being published in prelimi-
nary form in order to expedite its early release.
NASA TMX-71553
BIBLIOGRAPHY ON AIRCRAFT
FIRE HAZARDS AND SAFETY
Volume II - SAFETY, Part 1 .- Key Numbers 1 .to 524
Compiled by
James J. Pelouch, Jr. and Paul T. Hacker
Aerospace Safety Research and Data Institute
Lewis Research Center
Cleveland, Ohio 44135
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
/
FOREWORD
The mission and objectives of the Aerospace Safety Research
and Data Institute are (a) to support NASA, Its contractors, and
the aerospace industry with technical Information and consultation
on safety problems; (b) to identify areas where safety problems
and technology voids exist and to initiate research programs, both
in-house and on contract, in these problem areas; (c) to author
and compile state-of-the-art and summary publications in our areas
of concern; (d) to establish and operate a safety data bank. As a
corollary to its support to the aerospace community, ASRDI is also
to establish and maintain a file of specialized information
sources (organizations) and recognized, acknowledged experts
(individuals) in the specific areas or fields of ASRDI's interest.
To match our resources with -our priorties, ASRDI is.
concentrating on selected areas - fire and explosion; cryogenic
systems; propellants and other hazardous materials, with special
emphasis on oxygen and hydrogen; aeronautical systems and
spacecraft operations; lightning hazards; and the mechanics of
structural failure. Staff expertise is backed by a safety library
and is further supported by a computerized bank of citations and
abstracts built from literature on oxygen, hydrogen, and fire and
explosion. Computer files on mechanics of structural failure,
fragmentation hazards,- and safety information sources are also
being established. In addition, ASRDI has two NASA RECON
terminals and people adept at querying the system for
safety-related information.
Frank E. Belles, Director
Aerospace Safety Research and Data Institute
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
page blan-
Preceding
INTRODUCTION
A part of the Aerospace Safety Research and Data Institute's
(ASRDI) mission is to compile and store in a computerized system
bibliographic citations on hazards and safety in various areas
related to aerospace activities. One of these areas is fire and
explosion. The program in this area has been underway for about
three years and is continuing. At the present time the
computerized data bank contains about 2000 bibliographic citations
on the subject.
Each citation in the data bank contains many items of
information about the document. Some of the.main items are title,
author, abstract, corporate source, description of figures
pertinant to hazards or safety, key references, and descriptors
(keywords or subject terms) by which the document can be
retrieved. In addition each document is assigned to two main
categories that are further divided into subcategories. The two
main categories are fire hazards and fire safety. Each document
is also further categorized according to its area of applicability
such as - aircraft and spacecraft and their associated facilities;
aerospace research and development test facilities; buildings; and
general applicability.
This report is a compilation of all the document citations in
the ASRDI data bank as of April 1974 on fire hazards and fire
safety that pertain to aircraft. The report is somewhat
preliminary in nature in that input to the data bank is
continuing; moreover not all the information contained in the bank
has been edited for errors. The report is being published as an
illustrative example of the contents of the data dank and to
obtain user feedback on the usefulness of such compilations and
whether the subject scope should be narrowed in future
compilations.
The report is divided into two volumes. Volume I, Hazards,
presents bibliographic citations that describe and define the
aircraft fire hazards and covers a wide range .of subjects such as
- combustion characteristics of materials; accidents and incidents
reports; causes of fire; methods and techniques of evaluating the
fire hazard; and the resulting effects of fire on man and
property. Volume II, Safety, presents bibliographic citations
that describe and define aircraft fire safety methods, equipment,
and criteria. It covers such subjects as prevention, detection,
and extinguishment of fire, and codes and standards. Each volume
of the report contains, in addition to the citations, an author
index and an index of major descriptors (keywords or subject
terms). The indices are related to the citations by the ASRDI key
number, which appears in the upper right hand corner of the first
page of each citation. To facilitate binding, both volumes are
broken into parts.
iv
Volume I has two parts -
Part 1..- Key Numbers 1 to 817
Part 2 - Key Numbers 818 to 2146,
Author Index and Descriptor Index
Volume II has three parts.-
Part .- Key Numbers 1 to 524
Part 2 - Key Numbers 525 to 1064
Part 3 - Key Numbers 1065 to 2165,
Author Index and Descriptor Index
The preparation of this report for printing was essentiall-
accomplished automatically. The search strategy (in this case
subject-category) and information on citation content and forma-
was fed into the. computer. The output from the- computer wa,
placed directly on multilith paper by a high-speed printer.
V
VOLUME II
PART 1
key 1
WHIFFLE BALL FIRE AND EXPLOSION SUPPRESSION CONCEPT
PROGRESS REPORT, PHASE 1 SPHERES
by
BOTTERI, B.P.
GANDEE, G.W.
MORRISEY, Do.J
07/00/68
-ABSTRACT-
Feasibility of the perforated hollow sphere (whiffle balls)
concept for the control of fires and explosions in aircraft fuel
tanks was studied, and one configuration was evaluated. These
Phase 1 spheres, which have 1-in. diameters with 34 0.1-in. holes,
exhibited considerable explosion suppression performance, but did
not meet the maximum 3 psi pressure increase limit required for
aircraft application. These spheres, however, are stable in a
fuel system environment and, with the exception of fuel induced
swelling, are comparable in performance to reticulated
polyurethane foam. A 1-in. or smaller diameter sphere is required
to achieve effective vapor space explosion suppression capability,
and the spheres must be suitable for use at temperatures between
-65 and +180 deg. F.
-SOURCE INFORMATION-
CORPORATE SOURCE -
AIR FORCE AERO PROPULSION., WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB, OHIO.
REPORT NUMBER -
APFL-TM-68-10//PROJ. NO. 1559//TASK 191
OTHER INFORMATION -
0046 PAGES, 0010 FIGURES, 0007 TABLES, 0000 REFERENCES
2
key 13
AN ULTRAVIOLET SENSING FLAME DETECTOR FOR USE ON HIGH
PERFORMANCE MILITARY AIRCRAFT
by
LEEN, A.
02/00/70
-ABSTRACT-
A .small, quartz enclosed photon detector utilizing the avalanche
in a gas discharge to amplify the photoelectric signal currents
was developed as a solar blind ultraviolet sensitive flame
detector for use on high performance military aircraft. Decreased
response of the- sensors at elevated temperatures was observed
during development but its cause is not known. A reasonable upper
temperature limit for reproducible sensor characteristics was set
at 550 deg. F., although operation at lower temperatures will
extend sensor life and increase reliability. The complete
detection system comprises the detector, an associated test lamp,
and a control circuit with associated power supply and alarm
devices. Some difficulty during field tests indicated problems
with alarm actuation from voltage spikes introduced through the
power source. Optimization of the design of the sensor and
ultraviolet test lamp is discussed, and the electrical circuitry
and flight test equipment are described. A specification for
covering the performance and installation of a system on an
aircraft is included, along with installation and maintenance
instructions.
-BIBLIOGRAPHY-
GREEN, A.E.S., THE MIDDLE ULTRAVIOLET: ITS SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY, JOHN WILEY AND SONS, 1966//KOLLER, L.R., ULTRAVIOLET
RADIATION, 2 ED., JOHN WILEY AND SONS, 1965//HUGHES AND DUBRIDGE,
PHOTOELECTRIC PHENOMENA, 1ST ED., 4TH IMPR., MCGRAW-HILL, 1932
-SOURCE INFORMATION-
CORPORATE SOURCE -
EDISON (THOMAS A.) INDUSTRIES, WEST ORANGE, N.J.
REPORT NUMBER -
AFAPL-TR-69-107//X70-14496//AD-866136
SPONSOR -
AIR FORCE AERO PROPULSION LAB., WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB, OHIO.
CONTRACT NUMBER -
CONTRACT AF33(615)-3531
OTHER INFORMATION -
0106 PAGES, 0012 FIGURES, 0006 TABLES, 0003 REFERENCES
3
keys 16 through 17
EVALUATION OF FLAME ARRESTOR MATERIALS FOR AIRCRAFT FUEL
SYSTEMS
by
KUCHTA, JOM.
CATO, R.J.
SPOLAN, I.
GILBERT, W.H.
02/00/68
-ABSTRACT-
Flame quenching effectiveness for a 20 pore/in, reticulated
polyurethane foam used for fire protection in military aircraft
fuel systems was examined under small and large-scale flame
propagation conditions at various temperatures and pressures. In
the small-scale experiments, pressure rise measurements showed
that dry samples of this foam prevent flame propagation at
arrestor length/ignition void length ratios as low as about 0.17
at ambient temperature and pressure. At ratios equal to or
greater than 1.5, the material was effective at pressures up to
about 15 psig and temperatures to 200 deg. F. Improved
performance was obtained when the foam was wetted with liquid fuel
or when a foam of greater porosity rating was used. Full-scale
experiments in a 450-gal. fuel tank indicated that the foam is
effective to pressures of at least 5 psig using an arrestor
packing configuration that permits a 40 percent gross void volume.
However, the foam tends to be less effective when additional air
is supplied following ignition. Results obtained with electrical
spark ignition sources were comparable to those found with tracer
or incendiary ammunition. Generally, the effectiveness of the 20
pore/in foam was noticeably greater than that of the 10 pore/in.
material previously examined.
-PERTINENT FIGURES-
TAB. 1 FLAME ARRESTOR DATA FOR 10 AND 20 PORES/IN. POLYURETHANE
FOAM MATERIALS FROM EXPERIMENTS IN A 6-IN. CYLINDRICAL STEEL
VESSEL WITH APPROX. 2.5 PERCENT N-PENTANE-AIR MIXTURES AT
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE PAGE 6//TAB. 2 FLAME ARRESTOR DATA FOR 10,
20, and 40 PORES/IN. POLYURETHANE FOAM MATERIALS FROM EXPERIMENTS
IN A 6-IN. DIA. CYLINDRICAL STEEL VESSEL WITH APPROX. 2.5 PERCENT
N-PENTANE-AIR MIXTURES AT VARIOUS INITIAL PRESSURES PAGE 8//TAB. 3
GAS TEMPERATURE, PRESSURE AND FLAME SPEED DATA FROM FLAME ARRESTOR
(20 PORES/IN ) EXPERIMENTS IN A 450-GAL. AIRCRAFT TANK WITH
0
APPROX. 3.2 PERCENT N-BUTANE-AIR MIXTURES AT 0 AND 5 PSIG_ PAGE
17//TAB 4. GAS TEMPERATURE PRESSURE, AND FLAME SPEED DATA FROM
FLAME ARRESTOR (20 PORES/IN.) EXPERIMENTS IN A 450-GAL. AIRCRAFT
FUEL TANK WITH AN .APPROX. 3.2 PERCENT N-BUTANE-AIR MIXTURE AT 0
PSIG. PAGE 20//TAB. 6 PRESSURE DATA' FROM FLAME ARRESTOR (20
4