Beyond Reconstruction in Afghanistan: Lessons from Development Experience

256 Pages·2004·1.09 MB·English

by  John D. Montgomery

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Beyond Reconstruction in Afghanistan
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Beyond Reconstruction in Afghanistan
Lessons from Development Experience
Edited by
John D. Montgomery and
Dennis A. Rondinelli
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BEYONDRECONSTRUCTIONINAFGHANISTAN
© John D.Montgomery and Dennis A.Rondinelli,2004
All rights reserved.No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any
manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of
brief quotations embodied in critical articles or reviews.
First published 2004 by
PALGRAVE MACMILLAN™
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PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave
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ISBN 1–4039–6511–0 hardback
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Beyond reconstruction in Afghanistan :lessons from development experience /
edited by John D.Montgomery and Dennis A.Rondinelli.
p.cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 1–4039–6511–0 hardback
1.Afghanistan-Economic policy.2.Afghanistan-Politics and government.
I.Montgomery,John Dickey,1920– II.Rondinelli,Dennis A.
HC417.B49 2004
338.9581—dc22 2003062261
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Design by Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd.,Chennai,India.
First edition:April 2004
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Printed in the United States of America.
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Contents
Acknowledgments vii
About the Authors ix
1. Introduction 1
John D. Montgomery and Dennis A. Rondinelli
Part 1 Hopes Beyond Reconstruction 9
2. International Goals and Strategies for Afghanistan’s
Development: Reconstruction and Beyond 11
Dennis A. Rondinelli
3. Supporting Postwar Aspirations in Islamic Societies 32
John D. Montgomery
4. Between Reconstruction and Restoration: Three
Historical Case Studies 53
John M. Heffron
5. The Afghan Experience with International Assistance 75
Yuri V. Bossin
6. Lessons from Post-Conflict Aid Experience 93
Robert J. Muscat
Part 2 Toward a Stable Civil Society 113
7. Toward the Rule of Law in Afghanistan: The Constitutive Process 115
Charles H. Norchi
8. Economic Growth and Development Policy in
Afghanistan: Lessons from Experience in
Developing Countries 132
Dennis A. Rondinelli
9. Ethnic Diversity and the Structure of Government 156
Milton J. Esman
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vi/ contents
10. Warlordism and Development in Afghanistan 169
Kamoludin N. Abdullaev
11. Health, Human Security, and Social Reconstruction
in Afghanistan 188
Paula Gutlove, Gordon Thompson, and Jacob Hale Russell
Part 3 Regional Implications of Reconstruction 211
12. The Afghan Neighborhood and Future Stability:
A Regional Approach to Reconstruction and
Development 213
Eden Naby and R.N. Frye
13. Reconstruction, Development, and Nation-Building:
Prospects for Afghanistan 225
Dennis A. Rondinelli and John D. Montgomery
Index 237
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Acknowledgments
The research leading to the production of these chapters emerged after a series of
conferences among the authors. They first convened in Cambridge, Massachusetts in
January 2002, supported by the Pacific Basin Research Center of Soka University of
America and by the Boston Research Center for the Twentieth Century. A second
meeting occurred at Magdelen College, Oxford University in March 2002, with
support from the Toda Institute for Global Peace and Policy Research and its proj-
ect, “Globalization, Regionalism, and Democracy.” A third meeting in Cyprus in
March 2002 gathered additional participation, and was provided for by the Centre
for World Dialogue and the Toda Institute. A final session occurred at Harvard
University, in Cambridge, Massachusetts in November 2002, with support from the
Pacific Basin Research Center. The completion of the writing phase, including aid
for the distribution of our findings, was made possible by a grant from the Smith
Richardson Foundation. For the generous support of each donor, the editors and
authors are very grateful. This manuscript also benefited from suggestions and criti-
cisms proffered by Michael Loo, Virginia Kosmo, and Kristen Eichensehr.
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About the Authors
KAMOLUDIN N. ABDULLAEV, Independent Scholar, Tajikistan, has specialized in
modern Central Asian history and analysis for conflict transformation. He partici-
pated in the Fulbright Program (1994, the George Washington University, USA). In
2001–2003, Abdullaev taught contemporary history of Central Asia at Yale and at
Ohio State University. His latest books include What Peace Five Years After the
Signing of the Tajik Peace Agreement?: Strategic Conflict Assessment and Peace Building
Framework, Tajikistan (coauthored with Sabine Frasier); Politics of Compromise: The
Tajikistan Peace Process(with coeditor Catherine Barnes); and Historical Dictionary of
Tajikistan(coauthored with Shahram Azbarzadeh).
YURIV. BOSSIN, Associate Professor of History and Central Asian Studies at Moscow
State University, is a member of the Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy
of Sciences, Moscow. His most recent monograph is Afghanistan: Multi-Ethnic
Society and State Power in Historical Context.
MILTONJ. ESMANis John S. Knight Professor of International Studies and Professor
of Government, Emeritus, at Cornell University. His recent books are Carrots, Sticks,
and Ethnic Conflict: Rethinking Development Assistance (coedited with Ronald J.
Herring) and Why Americans Need the Feds.
RICHARDN. FRYEbegan his years of residence in the Middle East with WWII service
in Afghanistan with the OSS. He is Aga Khan Professor of Iranian Emeritus at Harvard
University. His most recent book on the region is The Heritage of Central Asia.
PAULA GUTLOVE, DMD, is director of the International Conflict Management
Program at the Institute for Resource and Security Studies (IRSS) and founder of
Health Bridges for Peace.
JOHNM. HEFFRON, Professor of History at Soka University of America, has lectured
and published extensively on reconstruction policies in post–Civil War United States
and on problems of post-War reconstruction in Europe, Central Asia, and the
FarEast.
JOHN D. MONTGOMERY is Ford Foundation Professor of International Studies,
Emeritus, Harvard University. He is the author or editor of numerous books, includ-
ingForced to be Free, The Artificial Revolution in Germany and Japan, The Politics of
Foreign Aid, American Experience in Southeast Asia, and Aftermath: Tarnished
Outcomes of American Foreign Policy.
ROBERTJ. MUSCAThas served as economic advisor to the development authorities in
Thailand and Malaysia; Chief Economist of the Agency for International