Table Of ContentBeyond Inclusion
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Beyond Inclusion
The Practice of Equal Access in Indian
Higher Education
Editors
Satish Deshpande
Usha Zacharias
LONDON NEW YORK NEW DELHI
First published 2013 in India
by Routledge
912 Tolstoy House, 15–17 Tolstoy Marg, Connaught Place,
New Delhi 110 001
Simultaneously published in the UK
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2013 Satish Deshpande and Usha Zacharias
Typeset by
Solution Graphics
A-14, Indira Puri, Loni Road,
Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201 102
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilised in
any form or by any electronic, mechanical or other means, now known
or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any
information storage and retrieval system without permission in writing
from the publishers.
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record of this book is available from the British Library
ISBN 978-0-415-83207-6
Contents
List of Tables and Figures vii
Preface xi
Introduction: Beyond Inclusion 1
Satish Deshpande
1. Caste Quotas and Formal Inclusion in Indian
Higher Education 13
Satish Deshpande
2. The Polarity between the ‘Few and the Many’
in Indian Higher Education 48
Mrinalini Sebastian
3. Affirmative Action in Three Dream Institutions 72
G. N. Devy
4. Reservations in Medical Education in Maharashtra:
An Empirical Study 95
Vandana Dandekar
5. Bridging the Rural–Urban Gap: Experiments
in Engineering Education in Punjab 145
Ranjit Singh Ghuman and Davinder Kumar Madaan
6. Defying the Odds: The Triumphs and Tragedies
of Dalit and Adivasi Students in Higher Education 174
Anoop Kumar Singh
7. Quota’s Children: The Perils of Getting Educated 205
N. Sukumar
vi Contents
8. Beyond Contested Categories: An Experiment of the
Ford Foundation International Fellowships Programme 222
Sony Pellissery, Vivek Mansukhani and Neera Handa
9. Confronting Social Exclusion: A Critical Review
of the CREST Experience 252
D. D. Nampoothiri
10. To Race with the Able? Soft Skills and the
Psychologisation of Marginality 289
Usha Zacharias
About the Editors 328
Notes on Contributors 329
Index 332
List of Tables and Figures
Tables
1.1 Dropout Rates and Pass Percentages in School,
2005–6 17
1.2 Graduate Degree-Holders, by Caste and Community,
Urban India, 2004–5 19
1.3 Group Shares of School Graduates and those Currently
Enrolled in Higher Education, Age Group 17–25,
Urban India, 1999–2000 20
4.1 Distribution of Enrolled Students, by Reservation
Category 97
4.2 Female Enrolment, by Category and Period 99
4.3 Scores of Admitted Candidates in Class XII
Examination, 1979–98 103
4.4 Scores of Admitted Candidates in Common Entrance
Test, 1999–2003 104
4.5 Correlations Between Scores of CET and Class XII
Examination 106
4.6 1979–83 108
4.7 1984–88 108
4.8 1989–93 109
4.9 1994–98 109
4.10 Number of Students in the Prestige Score Group 111
4.11 Parental Occupations, 1979–88 112
4.12 Parental Occupations, 1989–2003 113
4.13 Percentage Distribution of Wage-Earning Parents
of Respondents 114
4.14 Distribution of Respondents 115
4.15 Educational Profile of Parents of Respondents 116
4.16 Occupational Profile of Parents of Respondents 117
4.17 Ranking of Influencing Factors 120
4.18 Difficulties in the Course 122
4.19 Caste-Specific Distribution of Friends in College 124
4.20 Career Paths 128
viii Beyond Inclusion
5.1 Number and Proportion of Rural and Urban
Students in Liberal Education in Universities
of Punjab, 2005–6 148
5.2 Percentage Share of Rural and Urban Students
in Universities of Punjab, 2005–6 149
5.3 Number and Proportion of Rural and Urban
Students in Professional/Technical Education
in Punjab, 2007–8 150
5.4 Percentage Share of Rural and Urban Students in
Professional/Technical Education in Punjab, 2007–8 151
5.5 Classification of Rural Students in Professional/
Technical Education in Punjab, by Native State,
2007–8 152
5.6 Percentage Share of Caste-Wise Composition of
Rural Students in Liberal and Professional/Technical
Education in Punjab 152
5.7 Percentage Share of Occupation of Parents and
Grandparents of Rural Students in Liberal and
Professional/Technical Education in Punjab 154
5.8 Income of Parents of Rural Students in Liberal and
Professional/Technical Education in Punjab 155
5.9 Percentage Share of Classification of Rural Students
in Liberal and Professional/Technical Education
on the Basis of Schooling in Punjab 156
5.10 Percentage Share of Education Level of Parents
and Grandparents of Rural Students in Liberal
and Professional/Technical Education in Punjab 157
5.11 Gender Composition of Students in YCoE Under
Golden Heart Scholarship Scheme Since
its Establishment (in 10+1 and 10+2) 160
5.12 Gender Composition of Students in BTech Course
in YCoE Under Golden Heart Scheme, 2006–10 161
5.13 Number and Proportion of Scheduled Caste
Students at YCoE in Classes 10+1 and 10+2,
2004–10 163
5.14 Percentage Share of Scheduled Caste Students
in BTech Classes at YCoE, 2006–10 164
5.15 Gender Composition of Scheduled Caste Students
in BTech Classes at YCoE, 2006–10 165
List of Tables and Figures ix
6.1 Summary of Family Background, Educational
Qualifications and Current Occupation of
Dalit–Adivasi Alumni 177
6.2 List of Suicides Among Dalit or Adivasi Students
in Higher Education in Recent Years 199
8.1 Region-Wise Selected Fellows, 2001–10 229
8.2 Profile of Selected Fellows, India, 2001–10 233
9.1 Selected Statements and Responses by Peasants
and Agricultural Workers of Kerala and Karnataka 256
9.2 BTech Entrance Ranks and Male/Female Percentage
of SC/ST Candidates in Kerala, 2009–10 273
9.3 Performance of SC/ST Students Enrolled for
BTech Degree Courses 275
9.4 Factors Causing Entry Barriers as Identified by
Parents/Students 277
10.1 Sample Workshops Conducted in Five Colleges 310
Figures
4.1 Distribution of Students, 1979–88 97
4.2 Distribution of Students, 1989–2003 98
