Beyond Ainu studies: changing academic and public perspectives

274 Pages·2016·2.19 MB·English

by  Hudson, Mark;Lewallen, ann-elise;Watson, Mark K

CHANGING ACADEMIC
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mark j. hudson
ann-elise lewallen
mark k. watson
Beyond Ainu StudieS

Beyond Ainu StudieS
Changing Academic and Public Perspectives
Mark J. Hudson, ann-elise lewallen,
and Mark K. Watson
University of Hawai‘i Press
Honolulu
© 2014 University of Hawai‘i Press
All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
19 18 17 16 15 14 6 5 4 3 2 1
Publication of this book has been assisted by grants from
JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research “A Pursuit of the
Formation Processes of Ainu Ethnicity” (No. 24242030) 
and from the
Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada
for the “Baikal-Hokkaido Archaeology Project” 
Major Collaborative Research Initiatives
Grant No. 412-2011-1011.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Beyond Ainu studies : changing academic and public perspectives /
[edited by] Mark J. Hudson, ann-elise lewallen, and Mark K. Watson.
XXX pages cm
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-8248-3697-9 (cloth : alk. paper)
1. Ainu. 2. Ainu—Study and teaching. 3. Japan—Ethnic relations.
I. Hudson, Mark, [date], editor of compilation. II. lewallen, ann-elise,
editor of compilation. III. Watson, Mark K., editor of compilation.
DS832.B49 2014
305.894'6—dc23
2013029684
University of Hawai‘i Press books are printed on acid-free
paper and meet the guidelines for permanence and durability
of the Council on Library Resources.
Designed by Janette Thompson (Jansom)
Printed by Sheridan Books, Inc.
DeDications
In memory of my mother,
Jean Mary Hudson (1938–2004),
and for my family in Kanzaki, Roade,
and Munich—Mark Hudson
For Eyam and Taqtaq—ann-elise lewallen
To everyone in Tokyo and elsewhere
who helped craft this beginning—Mark Watson

contents
Preface and Acknowledgments ix
Message from Ainu-Mosir (Poem) xi
Yūki Kōji, Translated by Misa Adele Honde
1 Beyond Ainu Studies: An Introduction 1
Mark K. Watson, ann-elise lewallen, and Mark J. Hudson
theme one Representation / objectification
2 Ainu Ethnography: Historical Representations
in the West 25
Hans Dieter Ölschleger
3 Tourists, Anthropologists, and Visions of Indigenous
Society in Japan 45
Tessa Morris-Suzuki
theme two new critical Responses
4 Tokyo Ainu and the Urban Indigenous Experience 69
Mark K. Watson
5 Charanke 86
Uzawa Kanako
6 As a Child of Ainu 92
Sunazawa Kayo
theme thRee academic Disciplines and Understandings of ainu
7 Is Ainu History Japanese History? 101
David L. Howell
viii Contents
8 Ainu and Hunter-Gatherer Studies 117
Mark J. Hudson
9 Trade and the Paradigm Shift in Research on Ainu
Hunting Practices 136
Deriha Kōji
theme foUR the Discourse of culturalism
10 Our Ancestors’ Handprints: The Evolution of Ainu
Women’s Clothing Culture 153
Tsuda Nobuko
11 The Gender of Cloth: Ainu Women and Cultural
Revitalization 171
ann-elise lewallen
12 From Collecting Words to Writing Grammars:
A Brief History of Ainu Linguistics 185
Kirsten Refsing
13 The Ainu, Law, and Legal Mobilization,
1984–2009 200
Georgina Stevens
References
Contributors
Index
pReface
This book began with conversations between Mark Hudson and Tomek
Bogdanowicz in Sapporo in 2002. Bogdanowicz was then working on a
visual anthropology project with Ainu people in Hokkaido and he and
Hudson discussed how images of Ainu—both academic and popular—had
changed so dramatically over the years. Bogdanowicz’s project addressed the
problem of how Ainu represented their own images and voices and of the
complex—and sometimes conflicting—roles of anthropologists and other
academics in such representations.
In 2005, Bogdanowicz moved to New Zealand and new commitments
meant that he had to step down from the editorial process of this volume.
Hudson then asked lewallen and Watson to help bring the book to publi-
cation. Meanwhile, the following few years saw a series of significant and
rapidly developing changes in the world of Ainu affairs. In 2007, Japan
signed the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
and Hokkaido University established a Center for Ainu and Indigenous
Studies. The next year saw a Diet resolution recognizing Ainu as Indigenous
in Japan. New research was also appearing in Indigenous studies outside
Japan and Pamela Stern and Lisa Stevenson’s 2006 edited work, Critical
Inuit Studies, was especially stimulating for our project. These and other
related developments necessitated considerable rewriting and re-arranging
of parts of this volume.
After 2007, it was clear that we were entering a dramatic new stage in
Ainu Studies, but how best to characterize this new stage still remains unclear.
Despite many positive developments, the status of Ainu as an Indigenous
people in Japan remains contested and insecure. At the same time, there is
no doubt that the new terrain has made it much easier to imagine and to
talk about change and it is in this spirit that we have strived to edit the final
version of this book.
ix