Bench Scale Calorimetry in Chemical Reaction Kinetics: An Alternative Approach to Liquid Phase Reaction Kinetics

259 Pages·2015·5.64 MB·English

by  Wilfried Litz (auth.)

Wilfried Litz
Bench Scale
Calorimetry
in Chemical
Reaction Kinetics
An Alternative Approach to Liquid Phase
Reaction Kinetics
Bench Scale Calorimetry in Chemical Reaction
Kinetics
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Wilfried Litz
Bench Scale Calorimetry in
Chemical Reaction Kinetics
An Alternative Approach to Liquid Phase
Reaction Kinetics
WilfriedLitz
Cologne,Germany
ISBN978-3-319-12531-2 ISBN978-3-319-12532-9 (eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-3-319-12532-9
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2015943588
SpringerChamHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon
©SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2015
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Dedicated to
Dr. phil. Dr. Ing. h.c. Juri Pawlowski {
a role model scientist indeed
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“I often say that when you can measure what
you are speaking about, and express it in
numbers, you know something about it; but
when you cannot express it in numbers, your
knowledge is of a meagre and unsatisfactory
kind.”
Lord Kelvin
1824–1907
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Preface
Itiswellknownthatallphysicochemicalprocessesareaccompaniedbyaheattone.
The amount of positive or negative heat released respectively the velocity of its
release is principally a measure of the progress respectively the velocity of the
process. Both in combination represent—depending on the complexity of the
process—a more or less abundant source for a description of changes in physico-
chemicalstates.Asarule,thethermalquantitiescanalwaysbemeasured.
Thisbookisconcernedwithcarryingouttheprecisemeasurementofquantities
aswellastheirutilityforchemicalengineering,especiallytheirapplicationinthe
kineticanalysisofreactionswithintheliquidphase.1
The introduction2 of the book (Chap. 1) explains why caloric investigations
aimedatdeterminingthechemicalkineticsofliquid-phasereactionscanbecarried
outmostefficientlyusingbenchscalecalorimeters.
Chapter2presentscalorimetersformeasuringaccuratelytherateofheatrelease
during discontinuous and continuous reactions versus time under isothermal and
nonisothermal conditions. In addition, the chapter contains a description of an
apparatusthatcanbeusedtorecordonlinetherateofheatreleasewithinastirred
tankreactorduringareaction.
Chapter3offershintsforthepracticaluseoftheproposedcalorimeters.
Chapter4describesthefundamentalprinciplesforconductingakineticanalysis
ofcalorimetricresults.Theaimofathermokineticanalysisistheelaborationofthe
fundamental rules that set the tone for running a chemical conversion in liquid,
homogeneousreactionmixtures,i.e.,
1Liquidphasesystem:liquid,liquid/gas,liquid/solid,liquid/solid/gas;inallcases,aliquidisthe
mainconstituent.
2Listofsymbols.
ix