Table Of ContentBEGINNING
JAVA™ GAME
PROGRAMMING
1 WzECOND EDITION
-~l
ARBOUR
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ForKaitlyn Faye
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
IthankGodforthemanyopportunitiesthathavecomemywaythisyear,suchas
the chance to write this book, and for the apparent talent needed to make
somethingtangibleofthese opportunities. Iam gratefulto myfamilyfor their
ongoingencouragement:Jennifer,Jeremiah,Kayleigh, Kaitlyn,Kourtney,Mom
andDad,GrandmaCremeen, DaveandBarbara,myextendedfamilyatVision
Baptist Church, and Pastor Michael Perham and his family-Jennifer, Ashley,
Bryce,andSage-whohavebeensuchablessingthispastyear.
Thank you to thestudents, faculty, and staffatUATfor contributingto such a
wonderfullycreativeenvironment for learning. Iwould like to thank the Alpha
Squadteam,whohadsomeinfluenceonthisbook(andevenhelpedtosolveafew
codingproblemswithGalacticWar):RoyEvans,StewartJohnston,PeterPascoal,
TravisEddlemon,DanielMuller,DanielStirk,PatrickCissarz,DavidCoddington,
MarcKirschner,JeffreyWoodard,JonathanAllmen, Levi Bath,DouglasCannon,
Joshua Gertz, Justin Hair, Adam Knight, Eric Lacerna, Daryl Lynch, and Kevin
McCusker; and the faculty sponsors: Rebecca Whitehead, Michael Eilers, and
Arnaud Ehgner. I also owe my thanks to students Mark Walker and Andrew
HawkenforintroducingmetotheangularvelocitycodeusedinGalacticWar.
Iamalsoverythankfulfortheartworkfeaturedinthisbook,providedbyAriFeldman
(www.flyingyogi.com) and Reiner Prokein (www.reinerstiJeset.de). Without their
wonderfulgraphics,GalacticWarwouldhavefeaturedprogrammerart(cringen.
I offer my sincere thanks to the editors at Course Technology PTR and the
freelanceeditorswhoputthisbooktogether:EmiSmith,CathleenSmall,Dustin
Clingman,andKateShoup.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Jonathan S. Harbour is an Associate Professor ofGame Development at the
University of Advancing Technology in Tempe, Arizona. His current game
project,Starflight:TheLostColony(www.starflightgame.com).willbereleasedin
late2007.HelivesinArizonawithhiswife,Jennifer,andfourchildren:Jeremiah,
Kayleigh, Kaitlyn,and Kourtney. Hecanbereachedatwww.jharbouLcom.
CONTENTS
Introduction .. xiii
PARTI JAVAFOR BEGINNERS .
Chapter1 Getting Startedwith Java ................. 3
JavaandtheWeb.. 3
StudyingtheMarket .. 4
DesignRules.. ......•.......•.......•.......•. 5
TheCasualGamesMarket. 6
NoManualRequired .. .....•......••.... 7
CasualGarners.. ...........••................. 8
CasualGames. 8
InstallingandConfiguringJava. .....••.. 9
InstallingJava ..........••.. 10
ConfiguringJava 11
JavaVersion Numbers ......... 14
YourFirstJavaProgram .. ......•.. 1S
JavaApplication..... 15
JavaApplet...... .....••.. 17
WhatYouHaveLearned. ......•.. 20
Review Questions. 21
OnYourOwn. 22
Exercise1.. 22
Exercise2.....................••................ 22
vi
Contents vii
Chapter2 Java Programming Essentials ..................... 23
JavaApplets... . . 24
WebServerTechnologyExplained 24
HostingJavaApplets .. ............•......•...... 24
CompilingJavaCode .. 25
TheJavaLanguage.. 25
JavaDataTypes.... ........•.................... 27
TheEssenceofClass. 37
ThernainFunction.. 39
Object-OrientedProgramming . 40
WhatYou HaveLearned.... ........••.. 46
ReviewQuestions. 47
OnYourOwn. 48
Exercise 1. 48
Exercise2.. 48
Chapter3 Creating YourFirstJavaGame . 49
AbouttheGameProject. 49
CreatingtheGame... 52
CreatingtheProject.. 53
TheBaseVectorshapeClass. 53
TheShipClass 55
TheBulletClass . 56
TheAsteroidClass...................•. 57
TheMainSourceCodeFile . 58
AppletinitO Event. ........•. 59
AppletupdateOEvent ... .......•. 60
DrawingthePlayer'sShip.......••.............•..... 61
DrawingtheBullets. 61
DrawingtheAsteroids. 62
ScreenRefresh....... ......•.•.....••..... 63
ThreadEventsandtheGameLoop . 63
GameLoopUpdate .......•. 64
UpdatingtheShip...........••.......... ..•...... 65
UpdatingtheBullets .. .....••... 65
UpdatingtheAsteroids 66
TestingforCollisions. 68
Keyboard Events 69
CalculatingRealisticMotion. 71
viii Contents
WhatYouHaveLearned. 73
ReviewQuestions 73
OnYourOwn. ......•........ 74
Exercise1 . 74
Exercise2. 74
PARTII Java Game Programming .. ...................... 75
Chapter4 Vector-Based Graphics .......................... 77
ProgrammingVectorGraphics . 77
WorkingwithShapes.. 78
WorkingwithPolygons 80
Rotating andScalingShapes . 83
WhatYou HaveLearned. 86
ReviewQuestions. . . 87
OnYourOwn. .•........•........ 87
Exercise 1.. 87
Exercise2 . 88
Chapter5 Bitmap-BasedGraphics . 89
ProgrammingBitmappedGraphics...............•....... 89
Loadingand Drawing Images. . . 90
ApplyingTransformstoImages. 92
Transparency..... .....•.......•.•... 94
OpaqueImages ......••.......... 9S
TransparentImages ...............••. 97
Working SomeMaskingMagic.........•... 99
WhatYou HaveLearned. 104
ReviewQuestions. 104
OnYourOwn. 104
Exercise 1. lOS
Exercise2. lOS
Chapter6 SimpleSprites . 107
ProgrammingSimpleSprites......... . . 107
ThePoint2DClass. 109
BasicGameEntities 110
TheImageEntityClass . 111
CreatingaReusableSpriteClass 114
Contents ix
CollisionTesting...........•. 114
SpriteClassSourceCode......•.............••....... 114
TestingtheSpriteClass. ......••......••....... 118
WhatYouHaveLearned. 121
ReviewQuestions... 121
OnYourOwn.. .......•......••.....••....... 122
Exercise 1........... 122
Exercise2. 122
Chapter7 SpriteAnimation . 123
SpriteAnimation... 123
AnimationTechniques 124
Drawing Individual Frames 124
KeepingTrackofAnimationFrames. 126
TestingSpriteAnimation 127
EncapsulatingSpriteAnimation inaClass........•....... 132
TestingtheAnimatedSpriteClass. 13S
WhatYouHaveLearned.. 137
ReviewQuestions... . . 138
OnYourOwn. 138
Exercise1.. 138
Exercise2.... 139
Chapter8 Keyboard and MouseInput . 141
ListeningtotheUser . 141
KeyboardInput... 142
ListeningforKeyboardEvents 142
TestingKeyboardInput ... 143
MouseInput... 145
ReadingMouseMotion 146
DetectingMouseButtons. 147
Testing MouseInput 148
WhatYou HaveLearned.................•............ 152
ReviewQuestions.. 153
OnYourOwn.. 153
Exercise 1 . 153
Exercise2... 154
Chapter9 Sound Effectsand Music 1SS
PlayingDigitalSampleFiles . 155
