Table Of ContentBEAM-FOIL
SPECTROSCOPY
VOLUME 1
Atomic Structure and Lifetimes
BEAM-FOIL SPECTROSCOPY
Volume 1: Atomic Structure and Lifetimes
Volume 2: Collisional and Radiative Processes
BEAM-FOIL
SPECTROSCOPY
VOLUME 1
Atomic Structure and Lifetimes
Edited by
Ivan A. Sellin and David J. Pegg
University of Tennessee, Knoxville
and
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge
PLENUM PRESS· NEW YORK AND LONDON
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
International Conference on Beam-Foil Spectroscopy, 4th, Gatlinburg, Tenn.,
1975.
Beam-foil spectroscopy.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
CONTENTS: v. 1. Atomic structure and lifetimes.-v. 2. Collisional and ra-
diative processes.
1. Beam-foil spectroscopy-Congresses. I. Sellin, Ivan. II. Pegg, David, 1940-
III. Title.
QC454.B39I57 1975 535'.8 76-10654
ISBN-13:978-1-4613-4342-4 e-ISBN-13:978-1-4613-4340-0
DOl: 10.1007/978-1-4613-4340-0
Proceedings of the first half of the Fourth International Conference on Beam
Foil Spectroscopy held in Gatlinburg, Tennessee, September 15-19, 1975
Published with the financial assistance of UNESCO,
UNESCO subvention - 1975 - DG/2.1/414/40.
©1976 Plenum Press, New York
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1976
A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation
227 West 17th Street, New York, N.Y. 10011
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted,
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming,
recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher
Organizing Committee
T. Andersen I. Martinson
University of Aarhus Research Institute of Physics
Aarhus, Denmark Stockholm, Sweden
S. Bashkin W. Meckbach
University of Arizona Com. Nac. de Energia Atomica
Tucson, Arizona San Carlos de Bariloche
Rio Negro, Argentina
I. Dmitriev
Moscow State University C.Moak
Moscow, U.S.S.R. Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Oak Ridge, Tennessee
M. Dufay
Universite de Lyon D. Pegg, Conference Secretary
Villeurbanne, France University of Tennessee
Knoxville, Tennessee
R. Garstang
J.I.L.A. F. Pipkin
Boulder, Colorado Harvard University
Cambridge, Massachusetts
A. Gabriel
Culham Laboratory I. Sellin, Conference Chairman
Abingdon Berks, England University of Tennessee
Knoxville, Tennessee
H.Hay
Australian National University
W. Whaling
Canberra, Australia
California Institute of Technology
L. Heroux Pasadena, California
Air Force Cambridge Laboratory
Bedford, Massachusetts
Local Committee
Virgil Adams Barbara Pack
Deborah Adams Loni Pegg
Stuart Elston Peggy Peterson
John Forester Randolph Peterson
Wylene Guinn Roy Pruett, Conference Treasurer
Wendell Martin Helen Sellin
Charles Normand, Conference Coordinator Betty Thoe
Robert Thoe
Preface
The appreciable evolution of the nearly teenaged branch of
atomic and molecular physics called beam foil spectroscopy is
clearly depicted in the present volumes, which are devoted to
publication of presentations at the Fourth International
Conference on Beam Foil Spectroscopy and Heavy Ion Atomic Physics
Symposium. The transition from childhood to adolescence parallels
human experience in that diffusion of interests and interactions
beyond the confines of the original family has most certainly
occurred. The pre-occupation with techniques and their develop
ment has been largely replaced by interest in the physics of the
widest possible array of atomic and molecular physics experiments,
in which spectroscopic study (visible, UV, XUV, X-ray, electron)
of collisional interactions of fast beams is the unifying theme.
The description "accelerator-based atomic physics" is perhaps
more representative of the subject today than is the original,
beam-foil spectroscopy," since so many experiments have nothing
to do with foils, and furthermore, employ spectroscopy mainly as
an incidental tool. What, then distinguishes beam-foil spectro
scopy from overlapping fields of atomic collisions physics? In
an era where the boundaries are becoming ever more diffuse, there
can be no clear definition. A good functional definition was
recently conceived by Peter Erman, under the salubrious stimulus
of a large Tennessee bourbon: it is the tribal experience of the
community of scientists who have banded together to develop the
discipline over the past dozen years, as shared at the triennial
conferences devoted to it.
The Fourth Conference was the largest of those held to date,
attracting approximately one hundred fifty scientists. An
unusually large international participation was evident. Nearly
forty percent of the participants were European Nationals, a very
large proportion for a conference held in the continental United
States. The Conference was again an important arena for interaction
of astrophysicists, plasma spectroscopists, atomic structure
theorists, and those experimentalists using accelerators to measure
vii
viii PREFACE
such important atomic parameters as lifetimes and transition
probabilities.
Concerning the future, both the health and the growth of
accelerator-based atomic physics will surely become even more
dependent on governmental agency policies the world over than at
present, as the emphasis in nuclear physics funding shifts to
smaller numbers of large, central accelerator facilities. In this
regard we call attention here to a survey of the field, commissioned
by the U. S. National Academy of Sciences Advisory Committee on
Atomic and Molecular Physics, to be issued in 1976. This report
analyzes and speaks very well of the field. The editors express
the hope that science policy advisory bodies in other countries
will undertake similar efforts.
Ivan A. Sellin
University of Tennessee Knoxville
Acknowledgments
The editors wish to recognize the most generous support of the
Conference by the National Science Foundation, Atomic, Molecular,
and Plasma Physics Program, administered by Rolf Sinclair. Support
by the Physics Program of the Office of Naval Research through the
good efforts of John Dardis is gratefully acknowledged, as is a
grant to the Conference from the International Union of Pure and
Applied Physics. The institutional sponsorship provided by the
University of Tennessee, Department of Physics (William M. Bugg,
Head), and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Physics Division
(Paul Stelson, Director) through the Energy Research and
Development Administration was indispensable to the Conference.
Support of cultural and social events by the Tennessee Arts
Commission, Ortec, Inc. and Tennelec, Inc. provided congenial
conditions at the Conference. The contributions of many individuals
deserve appropriate recognition, especially the efforts of
institutional secretarial staffs, Conference office personnel,
and hard-working wives. A number of these individuals are cited
in the accompanying listings of the memberships of the organizing
and local committees.
ix
Contents of Volume 1
The Term Analysis of Atomic Spectra:
Present Status and Remaining Problems. 1
Bengt Edlin
Recent Configuration Interaction Studies
in Atomic Lifetimes .......... . 29
A. Hibbert
Oscillator Strengths for Ac I, Sc II and Ti III .. 43
G. A. Victor, R. F. Stewart, and C. Laughlin
Transition Probabilities for Ionized Atoms .... 51
A. W. Weiss
Correlation Effects and f-Values in the Sodium
Sequence. . . . . . . . . .. . ..... . 69
Charlotte Froese Fischer
On the Possibility of Observing Nonexponential Decays
in Autoionizing States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Cleanthes A. Nicolaides and Donald R. Beck
Coulomb Methods in Atomic Transition Probability
Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Richard Crossley and Susan Richards
Lamb Shift in Hydrogenlike Ions ..... 89
Peter J. Mohr
Hyperfine Quenching of the 23PO State in Heliumlike
Ions . . . . . ........... . 97
Peter J. Mohr
Anomalies in the Fine and Hyperfine Structure .. 105
Donald R. Beck and Cleanthes A. Nicolaides
xi
xii CONTENTS OF VOLUME 1
Relativistic Contributions to Transition Energies in
Nil and CuI Isoelectronic Sequences ....... . 111
C. P. Bhalla, C. L. Cocke and S. L. Varghese
Oscillator Strengths in N,N+,O and 0+ Obtained From
the First Order Theory of Oscillator Strengths (Fotos) lIS
Donald R. Beck and Cleanthes A. Nicolaides
Lifetimes and Fluorescence Yields of Three-Electron Ions .. 121
C. P. Bhalla and A. H. Gabriel
Future Directions for Beam-Foil Spectroscopy 129
S. Bashkin
Review of Experimental Lifetimes: Third Period
Elements . • . • • • . • • . • .. ••..• 147
M. E. M. Head, C. E. Head, and T. N. Lawrence
Review of Experimental Lifetimes: Fourth Period
Elements. • .... ISS
C. E. Head, T. N. Lawrence, and H. E. M. Head
Heavy-Element Beam-Foil Lifetime Measurements and Related
Experimental Problems. . . • . . . • • • • • • • • . . •. l6S
G. S!1Srensen
Measurements of He I Lifetimes and Fine Structure by a
Two-Spectrometer Method. . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . 183
G. Astner, L. J. Curtis, L. Liljeby, I. Martinson
and J. o. Stoner, Jr.
Mean-Lives of RbI! in the Visible and Vacuum Ultraviolet •• 191
M. Czempiel and H. J.
Andr~
Applications of High Resolution r.1easurements of Optical
Lifetimes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • 199
Peter Erman
Beam-Gas Studies of Cu II, Cl II, and As II. . . . . . .• 217
L. Maleki, D. B. King, C. E. Head and T. N. Lawrence
Beam-Foil Study of SIll - S VI ••. 223
B. I. Dynefors and I. Martinson
The Independent-Electron Model Applied to 100-600 keV
Sulfur Beam-Foil Population Functions. . .... 231
B. Dynefors, 1. Martinson, and E. Veje
