Table Of Content“We used to teach about the battles of the Prophet just as we used to
teach the chapters of the Qur’an.” (‘Ali ibn al-Husayn)
Battles
of the
Prophet
َ
َّ ُ َ َ
َّ َ ى
َ َ ُ َ
بنلا تاوزغ
ملسو هيلع الله لّص
ِ
REVISITED
What is Jihad?
؟داهجلاِام
Jihad is an important concept in Islam. It means to struggle, to make an effort, to do your
best, to work very hard and sincerely to achieve something that will please Allah.
There are different types of jihad, some are listed below and not all of them involve physical
fighting and warfare.
In this workbook you will read about the battles that the Muslims engaged in during the
lifetime of the Prophet (salla Allahu ‘alayhi wa sallam). This is Jihad of the 4th kind. All of
these battles had true reasons and were fought justly – by the only Muslims in the world at
that time! - in order to defend Islam. We know these battles were fought upon truth and
justice because the Muslims had the best of leaders - the Prophet (salla Allahu ‘alayhi wa
sallam) - who acted by the command of Allah.
Among the different kinds of Jihad are:
ْ
1ِ-سِ فِنلاِدِ اِهِج
2ِ-ِِناِطيِشلاِدِ اِهِج
Jihad against one’s self -
Jihad against Shaytan –
Striving to improve yourself by
fighting not to listen to the
seeking Islamic knowledge,
whispers of Shaytaan, who
acting upon it, call others to it
wants us to doubt our faith
and be patient in all of that.
and commit sins.
ّ ُ
3ِ-ِِي ِق ف اِنملاِدِ اِهِج 4ِ-ِرِافكلاِدِ اِهِج
Jihad against the hypocrites Ji had against the non-
- trying to stop them as we can, believers- act against
with our speech and actions disbelief, with our speech and
(mainly by teaching) and hating actions (such as fighting) and
what they do in our hearts. hating it in our hearts.
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Conditions
of fighting for the sake of Allah
ِالل ِل يِب ِسِفي ِد اِهج لاِطوشِ
Fighting for the sake of Allah has some special conditions, which we learned from the teachings
of the Prophet (salla Allahu ‘alayhi wa sallam). If any of these conditions is not present, fighting
is prohibited!
Why is it important to know this? Some people may try to convince us that Muslims
should fight the non-Muslims all the time but – if they do not respect these conditions – you will
know they are not doing it for the sake of Allah, they are unjust and criminals. By knowing this
we will be able to avoid them and their ideas.
Who should be in charge?
pdpd
There The army
The army must
The Muslim
must be a must be
be able to
ruler must strong and
Muslim
defeat the
have an army well
ruler in
enemy
prepared
charge
Who can fight?
pdpd
The person
He must have
fighting must The person
his parents’ The person
be part of the fighting must
army of the be a Muslim permission to fighting must
ruler go and fight be an adult
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Who can be fought and how?
pdpd
Military The person
There should
jihad is a war fighting cannot Civilians
not be needless
between two attack random should never
destruction of
armies people (only the be harmed
buildings or
enemy fighters)
nature
Can Muslims living in non-Muslim countries
fight the non-Muslim people that live there?
pdpd
NO- because
NO –if a country
NO – because NO –they have
leaves the Muslims non-Muslims
they don’t have free to practice no army, no who are not
a Muslim leader Islam, they have a power or ability hostile should
peace treaty with anyway!
not be fought
that country.
Briefly explain in what case the Muslims would be
allowed to fight:
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Apply what you have learned about
jihad and its conditions
Answer the following questions by colouring the correct light in the traffic lights;
green for YES and red for NO.
The beliefs of the non-Muslims are wrong
and displease Allah. A child learns this
and decides that, for this reason, he hates
his non-Muslims neighbours. He starts
being rude to them and do anything he
can to disturb and harm them. Is this a
correct behaviour?
A Muslim country is invaded by a non-
Muslim army. The (Muslim) king calls
upon every man that can fight to defend
it, under his command, and to join the
efforts of his powerful army in
defending the country. Is it correct for
the people to fight?
A group of Muslims living in a non-
Muslim country (such as the UK), plan to
make a bomb explode in a marked
crowded with people. By doing so they
think they are fighting the non-Muslims.
Is it permissible for them to do this?
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The Battle of Badr
ْ َ ُ َ ْ َ
ردب ةوزغ
It was the second year after the hijrah of the Prophet (salla Allahu
‘alayhi wa sallam) from Makkah to Madinah.
Many of the Muslims that had migrated had to leave their possessions
behind or had them taken away by the pagan Makkans.
A Qurayshi caravan was on the way back to Makkah, and the Prophet
(salla Allahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) suggested to intercept it, in order to
make up for the property the Muhajiroon had lost when they
emigrated. When the Quraysh heard this, they prepared an army and
went out to fight the Muslims.
The Muslims were informed that the Makkan polytheists were
marching towards them. There were only 300 Muslims in this
expedition, led by the Prophet (salla Allahu ‘alayhi wa sallam) and
they were not very well equipped. There were 1300 men of the Quraysh,
with many horses and armoured soldiers
Despite being outnumbered, the Muslims decided to fight them.
Before the battle, Allah sent down rain. It made things more difficult for
the polytheists, but it was a blessing for the Muslims.
The two armies met. Duels started to break out and the Muslim won
them. That made the polytheists very angry; then the fighting begun.
The Prophet invoked Allah to help the believers. Immediately Allah
sent 1000 angels to fight alongside the Muslims.
The Muslims fought very bravely. The disbelievers started to become
weak and flee. The Muslims had won!
The Quraysh returned to Makkah defeated and humiliated. They were
so angry at the Muslims they forbade crying over the dead of Badr, so
they would not show they had been hurt. They wanted revenge. They
wanted to destroy Islam once and for all.
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After reading the story, fill in the information below.
WHEN?
Death of
the
HIJRAH
Prophet
0 5 AH 10 AH
WHY WHO?
?
WHO WERE THE
ENEMY
WHERE?
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…..
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Some of the Companions who took part:
‘Umair ibn ‘Abdur- ‘Ammar
al-Humam Rahman bin Yaasir
bin ‘Awf
Sa‘d
Abu
Az-Zubayr
‘Ali Hamza bin Abi
Bakr
Waqqas
Abu
Miqdaad ‘Umar Qays
Dharr
Mus‘ab Sa‘d bin
Marthaad
bin ‘Umair Mu‘adh
يَ ِفدِرْمُ ةِكَ ِئلََمَْلا نَ مِِ فٍ ْلَبِِ مكُدُِّمُُ نَِِّأ مْكُ َل بَ اجَ َتسْ اَف مْكُ َّبرَ نَوُثيِغَتسْ َت ذِْإ
{Remember when you sought help of your Lord and He
answered you (saying): "I will help you with a thousand angels
following one another in succession."}
[Surah al-Anfaal 8:9]
بَ هِذُْيوَ هِِب مكُرَهَِِطُيِِل ًءامَ ءِامَسَّ لا نَ مِِ مكُ يَْلَع لُزِِ َنُ يوَ ُهنْمِِ ًةَنمََأ سَ اعَ ُّنلا مُكُ يشِِ َغُ ي ذِْإ
مَادَْقَلْْا هِِب تَ ِِب َثُ يوَ مْكُ ِبوُلُ ق ىٰ َلعَ طَ ِبيََِْلوَ نِ اَطيْشَّ لا زَجْرِ مْكُ نعَ
{Remember when He covered you with a slumber as a security from
Him, and He caused rain to descend on you from the sky, to clean
you with it and to remove from you the whispering of Shaytan (and
any fear), and to strengthen your hearts, and make your feet firm
thereby.} [Surah al-Anfaal 8:11]
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WHAT HAPPENED?
Us e as many spaces and arrows as you need to briefly tell the events in order.
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GEMS FROM THE COMPANIONS
(may Allah be pleased with them)
When the Prophet consulted the Muslims
about whether to fight, Miqdaad bin ‘Amr
said:
“Oh Allah’s Messenger! Proceed
wherever Allah guides you and we are
with you. By Allah, we will not say to
you as the Children of Israel said to
Then Sa‘d bin Mu‘adh said:
Musa {Go you and your Lord and
fight, you two; while we are sitting
“[Oh Messenger of Allah,] by
here…} [Surah al-Ma’idah 5:24]”
Him who sent you with the
Truth, if you approached the
The Prophet was happy when he heard that.
sea with us and dived into it,
we would dive in it with you
and not a single man would
remain behind.”
The Messenger of Allah said: “By the One in
Whose Hands is Muhammad’s life, if any
man fights them today and he is killed
while displaying steadfastness and hope
in Allah, advancing and not retreating,
Allah will surely admit him into
Paradise.”
‘Umair ibn Al-Humam, was eating some dates,
but when he heard this he said: “Ah! Between
me and Paradise is these people killing
me?!” He threw away the dates he had in his
hand, drew his sword and fought the enemies
until he was killed.
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