Table Of ContentBasic Vocabulary
Stephen A. Marlett, compiler
TheZapotecGrammarFiles
StephenA.Marlett,compiler.(February2010)Basicvocabulary.In:CherylA.Black,H.AndrewBlackandStephen
A.Marlett(eds.)TheZapotecgrammarfiles.
[http://www.sil.org/mexico/WorkPapers/WP001i-ZapotecGrammarFiles.htm]©SILInternational.Theseareworking
papersthatareperiodicallyupdated,expanded,andcorrected.Commentsorcorrectionscanbesenttotheeditors(see
theindexpage).
2 BasicVocabulary
Contents
Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 3
Items 1.2 ......................................................................................................................................... 3
Items 1.3 ......................................................................................................................................... 7
Items 1.4 ......................................................................................................................................... 9
Items 1.5 ....................................................................................................................................... 12
Items 1.7 ....................................................................................................................................... 15
Items 1.8 ....................................................................................................................................... 17
Items 2.1-2.4 ................................................................................................................................ 21
Items 2.9 ....................................................................................................................................... 24
Items 3.6-3.8 ................................................................................................................................ 27
Items 4.1 ....................................................................................................................................... 29
Items 4.2 ....................................................................................................................................... 32
Items 4.3 ....................................................................................................................................... 35
Items 4.4 ....................................................................................................................................... 37
Items 4.7 ....................................................................................................................................... 39
Items 5 .......................................................................................................................................... 42
Items 6 .......................................................................................................................................... 45
Items 8 .......................................................................................................................................... 47
Items 10 ........................................................................................................................................ 49
Items 13 ........................................................................................................................................ 51
Items 14 ........................................................................................................................................ 53
Items 15.4-15.5 ............................................................................................................................ 56
Items 15.6 ..................................................................................................................................... 58
Items 18 ........................................................................................................................................ 61
Index of English Terms ................................................................................................................ 64
Index of Spanish Terms ............................................................................................................... 65
Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................... 66
References .................................................................................................................................... 66
Introduction 3
Introduction
ThisdocumentpresentsselectedbasicvocabularyitemsindifferentvarietiesofZapotec.1All
ofthedataarepresentedinbroadIPAtranscription(seeTranscriptionConventionsfordetailsand
seeDataSourcesforsourcesofdata).2Alloftheformsmaybeassumedtohavepenultimatestress
ontherootunlessotherwisemarkedalthoughwithsomesourcesitishardtodeterminethefacts
aboutstress(ifstressisrelevantatall)andsostressmaynotbeconsistentlyrepresented.The
numbersinthecolumnheadersarethoseusedintheIntercontinentalDictionarySeries
http://lingweb.eva.mpg.de/ids/(MaryRitchieKey,foundingeditor),followingthenumberingin
Buck(1949);thearrangementofthedatafollowthatschemeofusingathematicorganization.
Sincethedataarepresentedintabularformathere,theoriginal"chapters"oftheIntercontinental
DictionarySeriesaresplitacrossvarioustables.Verbsarecitedinthreeformsthataretraditionally
referredtoasHabitual,PotentialandCompletivesinceeachmayhaveidiosyncraticfeatures.In
somecasestheStativeformispresentedaswellorintheirplace.Whenaformcontainsanequals
signfollowedbyanumber,itmeansthattheformisthesameasthereferencedwordinthesame
language.
IndexesfromEnglishandSpanishtotheIDSnumberarealsoprovided.
Items 1.2
ISO Identifierasin 'earth', 'dust'; 'mud'; 'sand'; 'mountain', 'cave';
639-3 Ethnologue 'land', 'polvo'; 'lodo'; 'arena'; 'hill'; 'cueva';
code 'ground', 1.213 1.214 1.215 'cerro'; 1.280
'soil'; 1.220
'tierra';
1.210&
1.212
zaa SierradeJuárez ɡunaʔ3 beste ɡuʦaʔ juʒi iʔja belia
zab SanJuanGuelavía jiu4 ɡuˈʃuld banʲ juʒʲ danʲ (loanword)
zac Ocotlán juˀ5 ɡuʃɨbɨʔʣɨ benɨ juʔʒi dani
zad Cajonos jo biʃte benːχ joʐ jaˀ bleχ
1Ithankthemanypeoplewhohavecontributeddataforthispaper(asdocumentedinDataSources,aswellasspecial
helpfromJoaquínLópezandBethMerrill)andthosewhohavehelpedtoimprovethepresentation,includingBeth
Merrill,AndyBlack,andCheriBlack.SpecialthankstoAndyBlackforpreparingtheindexes.
2Highvowelsorcentralapproximantsarenotconsistentlyrepresentedsincetheanalysisiseithernotclear,not
agreedupon,oractuallyvariesfromvarietytovariety.Thusonemaysee(forexample)/bia/,/bja/,or/bʲa/,whichmay
beverycloseoridenticalinpronunciation.
3See'mud'1.214in[zpq].
4/j/hereisphonetically[ɡj].
5/j/hereisphonetically[ɡj].
4 BasicVocabulary
ISO Identifierasin 'earth', 'dust'; 'mud'; 'sand'; 'mountain', 'cave';
639-3 Ethnologue 'land', 'polvo'; 'lodo'; 'arena'; 'hill'; 'cueva';
code 'ground', 1.213 1.214 1.215 'cerro'; 1.280
'soil'; 1.220
'tierra';
1.210&
1.212
zae Yareni ju6 bisˈte juna7 juʐi8 lilːi belea
zaf Ayoquesco jo joˈwɨˀʤ bɨn juʐ danʲ9
zai Isthmus ju ju de10 beɲe juʒi dani (loanword)
zam Miahuatlán joˀ ben juˀʃ den,ji
zao Ozolotepec ju ben ɡuʃ jiˀ kelioˀ
zaq Aloápam ju bisˈte juna11 juʐi12 lilːi belea
zar Rincón luˈju juʒi buloa
zas SantoDomingo
Albarradas
zat Tabaa beneʔ bluaχ
zav Yatzachi jo biʃte benχʷ, joʐ jaˀ bloχ
ɡoʔn
zaw Mitla juʰ dæʰ13 baʰnː juʰʃ daʰn biˈliæˀ
zax Xadani
zca CoatecasAltas
zoo AsunciónMixtepec
zpa Lachiguiri
zpb Yautepec
zpc Choapan ju14 bæʃte bænæʔ ɡuʔn15 jaˀ16 beˈlo
6/j/isphonetically[ʒ].
7/j/isphonetically[ʒ].
8/j/isphonetically[ʒ].
9Thetranscriptionherereinterpretsthesource,whichismoresimilarphoneticallyto[dajn],presumablywith
anticipatorypalatalization.Furthermore,thisisspecifically'hill'since'mountain'isthismorphemefollowedby/ɾoˀ/.
10'earth'1.210,'ash'1.840
11/j/isphonetically[ʒ].
12/j/isphonetically[ʒ].
13See'ashes'1.840.
14/j/hereisphonetically[ɡj].
15See'mud'1.214in[zpq].
16/j/hereisphonetically[ɡj].
Items1.2 5
ISO Identifierasin 'earth', 'dust'; 'mud'; 'sand'; 'mountain', 'cave';
639-3 Ethnologue 'land', 'polvo'; 'lodo'; 'arena'; 'hill'; 'cueva';
code 'ground', 1.213 1.214 1.215 'cerro'; 1.280
'soil'; 1.220
'tierra';
1.210&
1.212
zpd SoutheasternIxtlán
zpe Petapa
zpf SanPedroQuiatoni juʰ dæʰ juʰ juʰʒ ɡioʔ blieˀ
baʰn17
zpg Gueveade
Humboldt
zph Totomachapan
zpi SantaMaría liu judi bæn juʐ ɡʲeˀj
Quiegolani
zpj Quiavicuzas
zpk Tlacolulita
zpl Lachixío juˀ juˀ ebenuʔ ejuʃi daɲi,estaʔ, jubeʔ
beʔʧaʔ18 eʃjeku,
nɡuʔtu,
ʃneʧe
zpm Mixtepec liu benː juʒ blie
zpn SantaInésYatzechi ju19 ɡoʃˡɡiu bɨnu juʒi dan20 (loanword)
zpo Amatlán jo de,jide ban juʃ ji jiˈloˀ
zpp ElAlto
zpq Zoogocho jo biʃte ɡonaʔ21 joʐ jaˀ bloχ
zpr SantiagoXanica
zps Coatlán ju --- juʃ ɡeʔ
zpt SanVicente
Coatlán
17'earth'1.210,'wet'
18'earth'1.210,'?'
19/j/hereisphonetically[ɡj].
20Thisreferstoallofthecountryside.
21See'earth'01.210in[zaa].
6 BasicVocabulary
ISO Identifierasin 'earth', 'dust'; 'mud'; 'sand'; 'mountain', 'cave';
639-3 Ethnologue 'land', 'polvo'; 'lodo'; 'arena'; 'hill'; 'cueva';
code 'ground', 1.213 1.214 1.215 'cerro'; 1.280
'soil'; 1.220
'tierra';
1.210&
1.212
zpu Yalálag ju22 biʧte benχ juʐ23 jaʔ bloχ
zpv Chichicapan juʰ juʰʒi dan
zpw Zaniza jua
zpx SanBaltazar binʲ
Loxicha
zpy Mazaltepec
zpz Texmelucan ju biɲ ju uʒ24 bikʲ blʲuˀ
zsr SouthernRincón luˡju benɨʔ juʒ
zte Elotepec
ztg Xanaguía ju ɡuʃ ju25 bænː juʒ ɡi belːjaˀ
ztl Lapaguía-Guivini
ztm SanAgustín
Mixtepec
ztn SantaCatarina
Albarradas
ztp Loxicha
ztq Quioquitani-Quierí liu,ju26 juti penʲ juʒ kij kʲoplʲoˀ
zts Tilquiapan ju de benɨ juʒ dan27 (loanword)
ztt Tejalapan
ztu Güilá
ztx Zaachila
zty Yatee jo benːeʔ jo jaʧ jaˀ
22Also/jo/.Thevowelsvaryfreely.
23Also/joʐ/.Thevowelsvaryfreely.
24'earth'1.210,'fine'.
25'smoke','earth'1.210.
26Thetwowordsareusedquiteinterchangeably.
27Besttranslated'countryside'.
Items1.3 7
Items 1.3
ISO639-3code IdentifierasinEthnologue 'water'; 'foam'; 'river',
'agua';1.310 'espuma'; 'stream',
1.324 'brook';'río',
'corriente',
'arroyo';
1.360
zaa SierradeJuárez inda beʦinaʔ jo
zab SanJuanGuelavía nis bʦɨnʲ ɡeu28
zac Ocotlán nisɨ baʧini ɡæʔɡu
zad Cajonos nis bʒiʔn jao
zae Yareni inda kuʧina jo29
zaf Ayoquesco nis pʧin ɡeu
zai Isthmus nisa biʧiˀɲaʔ,30 ɡiˀɡuʔ
bupu
zam Miahuatlán nit
zao Ozolotepec nit
zaq Aloápam inda besina jo31
zar Rincón nisa
zas SantoDomingoAlbarradas niʰs
zat Tabaa nisa
zav Yatzachi nis bʒiʔn jao
zaw Mitla nis biˈʦunː ɡeˀu32
zax Xadani
zca CoatecasAltas
zoo AsunciónMixtepec
zpa Lachiguiri
zpb Yautepec
28'arroyo'(typicallywithoutwater).For'river'thisisfollowsby/nis/'water'.
29Thevowelcarriesacontourtoneandisphoneticallylong.
30Asinwhatcomestothetopoffoodthatisbeingcookedonastovetop.
31Thevowelcarriesacontourtoneandisphoneticallylong.
32Variesfreelyto/jeˀu/.
8 BasicVocabulary
ISO639-3code IdentifierasinEthnologue 'water'; 'foam'; 'river',
'agua';1.310 'espuma'; 'stream',
1.324 'brook';'río',
'corriente',
'arroyo';
1.360
zpc Choapan nisa bʤiʔn jao33
zpd SoutheasternIxtlán
zpe Petapa
zpf SanPedroQuiatoni nis pʧiʾn ɡibeˀ,ɡieˀ
zpg GueveadeHumboldt nzeʔ
zph Totomachapan
zpi SantaMaríaQuiegolani nis bʧiʾn ɡʲoˀu
zpj Quiavicuzas
zpk Tlacolulita
zpl Lachixío inza ʒiɲa (ɾ)eʔku
zpm Mixtepec nis
zpn SantaInésYatzechi nisɨ bɨˈʤiˀn bɨldaˀ
zpo Amatlán nis bʧiˀn juˀ
zpp ElAlto
zpq Zoogocho nis bʒinaʔ jeɡʷ
zpr SantiagoXanica niʰs
zps Coatlán niʦ bʧiʔn jobeʔ
zpt SanVicenteCoatlán niʦ
zpu Yalálag nis bʒiʔn jeo34
zpv Chichicapan ɲisa
zpw Zaniza nis ʤaw
zpx SanBaltazarLoxicha nit
zpy Mazaltepec
zpz Texmelucan nis bʤiɲ
zsr SouthernRincón nis
zte Elotepec
33/j/hereisphonetically[ɡj].
34/j/hereissometimespronounced[ɡj].
Items1.4 9
ISO639-3code IdentifierasinEthnologue 'water'; 'foam'; 'river',
'agua';1.310 'espuma'; 'stream',
1.324 'brook';'río',
'corriente',
'arroyo';
1.360
ztg Xanaguía nis pʦiˀn ɡeˀw
ztl Lapaguía-Guivini
ztm SanAgustínMixtepec
ztn SantaCatarinaAlbarradas
ztp Loxicha
ztq Quioquitani-Quierí nis pʦiˀn kiˀɡʷ-peˀ
zts Tilquiapan nis bʧiˀn ɡɨu
ztt Tejalapan
ztu Güilá
ztx Zaachila
zty Yatee nis
Items 1.4
ISO639-3 Identifierasin 'tree'; 'wood'; 'stone'; 'earthquake';
code Ethnologue 'árbol'; 'madera'; 'piedra'; 'terremoto';
1.420 1.430 1.440 1.450[citing
verb'quake'
'temblar'in'h',
'p','c']
zaa SierradeJuárez jaɡa, ja ja35 ijːa ɾi-ʒuʔ, ʃuʔ,
gu-ʒuʔ
zab SanJuanGuelavía jaɡ bɾed36 ɡia37 ʒu
zac Ocotlán jaɡɨ =1.420 ɡɨˀ ʒu
zad Cajonos jaɡ =1.420 jaχ bed-ʐoʔ; ʤ-ʐoʔ,
ʂoʔ, w-ʐoʔ
35See1.420'tree'.
36'lumber'.
37Phoneticallythe/ɡ/isoftenpronounced[x]inthiscontext.
10 BasicVocabulary
ISO639-3 Identifierasin 'tree'; 'wood'; 'stone'; 'earthquake';
code Ethnologue 'árbol'; 'madera'; 'piedra'; 'terremoto';
1.420 1.430 1.440 1.450[citing
verb'quake'
'temblar'in'h',
'p','c']
zae Yareni jaɡa38 =1.420 ijːa39 ɾ-ʐu, i-ʐu, bi-ʐu
zaf Ayoquesco jaɡ =1.420 ɡɨ
zai Isthmus jaɡa =1.420 ɡie ʒu
zam Miahuatlán jaˀ keˀ
zao Ozolotepec ja ke
zaq Aloápam jaɡa40 =1.420 ijːa41 ɾ-ʐu, i-ʐu, bi-ʐu
zar Rincón jaɡa ɡiɔʰ
zas SantoDomingo jaɡ
Albarradas
zat Tabaa ʒaɡa ʒiaχ
zav Yatzachi jaɡ jeχ bed-ʐoʔ; ʤ-ʐoʔ,
ʂoʔ, ɡw-ʐoʔ
zaw Mitla jaʰɡ baˈɾæʰd ɡiʰ ʒu;ɾ-niˀb,---,---
zax Xadani
zca CoatecasAltas
zoo AsunciónMixtepec
zpa Lachiguiri
zpb Yautepec
zpc Choapan jaɡa =1.420 ɡio42 uˈʒuʔ
zpd SoutheasternIxtlán
zpe Petapa
zpf SanPedroQuiatoni jaʰ =1.420 ɡitaʔ,ɡieˀ43 ʒuˀ
zpg GueveadeHumboldt
zph Totomachapan
38/j/isphonetically[ʒ].
39/j/isphonetically[ʒ].
40/j/isphonetically[ʒ].
41/j/isphonetically[ʒ].
42Thereisnocontrastbetween[j]and[ɡj]inthisvariety.
43'stone,rock','rock',respectively.
