Table Of ContentBasic College
BITTINGER
BEECHER
Get the Most Out of JOHNSON
MyLab Math Mathematics
B
a
MyLabTM Math is the world’s leading online tutorial and
s
assessment program designed to help you learn and succeed in
i
c
your mathematics course. MyLab Math courses provide you with:
C
S
Personalized learning experiences
o
S l
Interactive practice with immediate feedback
l
e
and just-in-time learning aids
g
S
Multimedia learning resources
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S
Complete eText, accessible anywhere with the
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Pearson eText app
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MyLab Math is available for this textbook. h
To learn more, visit pearson.com/mylab/math. e
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s
Thirteenth
Edition
www.pearson.com
Thirteenth Edition
B I T T I N G E R | B E E C H E R | J O H N S O N
Geometric Formulas
Get the Most Out of
MyLab Math PLANE GEOMETRY SOLID GEOMETRY
Rectangle Rectangular Solid
Area: A = l#w w Volume: V = l#w#h
# #
When it comes to developmental math, we know one size does not fit all. Perimeter: P = 2 l + 2 w h
l
Pearson’s solutions offer market-leading content written by our author–educators, l w
Square
tightly integrated with the number-one choice in digital learning—MyLabTM Math. Area: A = s2 s
#
We believe in tailoring our solutions to the personal needs of our instructor, Perimeter: P = 4 s Cube
s
student, and program partners. Volume: V = s3
s
Triangle
h
Learning in Any Environment Area: A = 1#b#h
2
b s
s
• Because classroom formats and student
needs continually change and evolve, Sum of Angle Measures B
MyLab Math has built-in flexibility to A + B + C = 180° A C Right Circular Cylinder r
accommodate various course designs Volume: V = p#r2#h
and formats. RPyigthhat gTorriaenangl Teheorem: a c SSu=rfa2ce# pA#rrea#:h + 2#p#r2 h
• With an updated and streamlined design, a2 + b2 = c2 r
b
students and instructors can access
MyLab Math from most mobile devices. Parallelogram Right Circular Cone
Personalized Learning Area: A = b#h h Volume: V = 1#p#r2#h
3
b Surface Area: s
Not every student learns the same way or at the same rate. Now, you no longer S = p#r2 + p#r#s h
have to teach as if they do. Trapezoid a
r
• MyLab Math can personalize Area: A = 12#h# a + b h
homework assignments for 1 2
b
Sphere
students based on their performance
Circle Volume: V = 4#p#r3 r
on a test or quiz. This way, students Area: A = p#r2 d Surface Area: S3 = 4#p#r2
can focus on just the topics they have
Circumference: r
not yet mastered. C = p#d = 2#p#r 22 and 3.14
7
are different approximations for p
• New! Provide just-in-time adaptive practice with Skill Builder Assignments 1
When students struggle on an exercise, Skill Builder Assignments provide just- 2
Fraction, Decimal, and
in-time, targeted support to help them build up the requisite skills needed to
complete their homework assignment.
As students progress, these Percent Equivalents
assignments adapt to provide support
exercises that are personalized to each
student’s activity and performance
Fraction 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 3 2 1 3 5 2 7 3 4 5 7 9 1
throughout the course. Notation 10 8 6 5 4 10 3 8 5 2 5 8 3 10 4 5 6 8 10 1
Decimal
0.1 0.125 0.166 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.333 0.375 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.625 0.666 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.833 0.875 0.9 1
Notation
10% 12.5% 16.6% 20% 25% 30% 33.3% 37.5% 40% 50% 60% 62.5% 66.6% 70% 75% 80% 83.3% 87.5% 90% 100%
Percent
or or or or or or or or
Notation
121% 162% 331% 371% 621% 662% 831% 871%
Visit pearson.com/mylab/math and click Get Trained to make 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 2
sure you’re getting the most out of MyLab Math.
Z03_BITT8156_13_AIE_IBC.indd 153 27/10/17 5:06 PM
EDITION
13
Basic College
Mathematics
Marvin L. Bittinger
Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis
Judith A. Beecher
Barbara L. Johnson
Ivy Tech Community College of Indiana
A01_BITT6290_13_AIE_FM_ppi-xiv.indd 1 21/02/18 10:30 AM
Director, Courseware
Portfolio Management: Michael Hirsch
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Composition: Cenveo® Publisher Services
Illustration: Network Graphics; William Melvin
Cover Design: Cenveo® Publisher Services
Cover Image: Nick Veasey/Untitled X-Ray/Getty Images
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is on file with the publisher.
Copyright © 2019, 2015, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Printed in the United States of
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PEARSON, ALWAYS LEARNING, and MYLAB MATH are exclusive trademarks owned by Pearson Education,
Inc. of its affiliates in the U.S. and/or other countries.
Unless otherwise indicated herein, any third-party trademarks that may appear in this work are the property of their
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Education, Inc., or its affiliates, authors, licensees, or distributors.
1 18
ISBN 13: 978-0-13-468962-3
ISBN 10: 0-13-468962-3
A01_BITT6290_13_AIE_FM_ppi-xiv.indd 2 21/02/18 10:30 AM
Contents
Index of Activities vi 2.6 Multiplying, Simplifying,
and Applications 124
Index of Animations vii
2.7 Division and Applications 130
Preface ix
Index of Applications xv Translating for Success 134
Summary and Review 138
1 Test 143
WHOLE NUMBERS 1
3 FRACTION NOTATION
1.1 Standard Notation 2 AND MIXED NUMERALS 145
1.2 Addition 9
1.3 Subtraction 14
3.1 Least Common Multiples 146
1.4 Multiplication 19
3.2 Addition and Applications 153
1.5 Division 26
3.3 Subtraction, Order, and Applications 160
Mid-Chapter Review 35
Translating for Success 164
1.6 Rounding and Estimating; Order 37
3.4 Mixed Numerals 168
1.7 Solving Equations 48
1.8 Applications and Problem Solving 54 Mid-Chapter Review 174
3.5 Addition and Subtraction Using
Translating for Success 62
Mixed Numerals; Applications 176
1.9 Exponential Notation and 3.6 Multiplication and Division Using
Order of Operations 70 Mixed Numerals; Applications 186
Summary and Review 78 Translating for Success 190
Test 83
3.7 Order of Operations,
Complex Fractions, and Estimation 196
FRACTION NOTATION:
2 Summary and Review 203
MULTIPLICATION AND
Test 209
DIVISION 85
Cumulative Review 211
2.1 Factorizations 86
2.2 Divisibility 93
4
2.3 Fractions and Fraction Notation 99 DECIMAL NOTATION 213
2.4 Multiplication and Applications 109
2.5 Simplifying 115
4.1 Decimal Notation, Order, and Rounding 214
Mid-Chapter Review 122 4.2 Addition and Subtraction 224
Contents iii
A01_BITT6290_13_AIE_FM_ppi-xiv.indd 3 21/02/18 10:30 AM
4.3 Multiplication 230 Summary and Review 399
4.4 Division 238 Test 405
Cumulative Review 407
Mid-Chapter Review 249
4.5 Converting from Fraction Notation
to Decimal Notation 251 7 DATA, GRAPHS, AND
4.6 Estimating 260 STATISTICS 409
4.7 Applications and Problem Solving 265
Translating for Success 270 7.1 Interpreting Data from Tables
and Graphs 410
Summary and Review 276
7.2 Interpreting and Drawing Bar
Test 281 Graphs and Line Graphs 420
Cumulative Review 283 7.3 Descriptive Statistics 429
Mid-Chapter Review 441
5 7.4 Frequency Distributions
RATIO AND PROPORTION 285
and Histograms 443
7.5 Probability 457
5.1 Introduction to Ratios 286
Translating for Success 461
5.2 Rates and Unit Prices 293
Summary and Review 465
5.3 Proportions 300
Test 471
Mid-Chapter Review 307
Cumulative Review 475
5.4 Applications of Proportions 309
Translating for Success 314 8
MEASUREMENT 477
5.5 Geometric Applications 320
Summary and Review 328
8.1 Linear Measures: American Units 478
Test 333
8.2 Linear Measures: The Metric System 484
Cumulative Review 335
8.3 Converting Between American Units
and Metric Units 491
6 Mid-Chapter Review 495
PERCENT NOTATION 337
8.4 Weight and Mass; Medical Applications 497
8.5 Capacity; Medical Applications 505
6.1 Percent Notation 338 8.6 Time and Temperature 511
6.2 Percent Notation and 8.7 Converting Units of Area 517
Fraction Notation 345
Translating for Success 519
6.3 Solving Percent Problems Using
Percent Equations 353
Summary and Review 522
6.4 Solving Percent Problems
Test 527
Using Proportions 359
Cumulative Review 529
Mid-Chapter Review 365
6.5 Applications of Percent 367
9
GEOMETRY 531
Translating for Success 374
6.6 Sales Tax, Commission, and Discount 381
9.1 Perimeter 532
6.7 Simple Interest and
Compound Interest; Credit Cards 390 9.2 Area 537
9.3 Circles 548
iv Contents
A01_BITT6290_13_AIE_FM_ppi-xiv.indd 4 21/02/18 10:30 AM
Mid-Chapter Review 557
ALGEBRA: SOLVING
11
9.4 Volume 559 EQUATIONS AND
9.5 Angles and Triangles 569 PROBLEMS 645
9.6 Square Roots and the
Pythagorean Theorem 578 11.1 Introduction to Algebra 646
11.2 Solving Equations:
Translating for Success 582
The Addition Principle 655
Summary and Review 586 11.3 Solving Equations:
The Multiplication Principle 659
Test 594
Cumulative Review 597 Mid-Chapter Review 664
11.4 Using the Principles Together 666
11.5 Clearing Fractions and Decimals 674
10
REAL NUMBERS 599
11.6 Applications and Problem Solving 680
Translating for Success 689
10.1 The Real Numbers 600
Summary and Review 695
10.2 Addition of Real Numbers 608
Test 700
10.3 Subtraction of Real Numbers 614
Cumulative Review 702
Mid-Chapter Review 620
Answers A-1
10.4 Multiplication of Real Numbers 622
Guided Solutions A-23
10.5 Division of Real Numbers and
Glossary G-1
Order of Operations 626
Index I-1
Translating for Success 632
Summary and Review 636
Test 641
Cumulative Review 643
Contents v
A01_BITT6290_13_AIE_FM_ppi-xiv.indd 5 21/02/18 10:30 AM
Index of
Activities
Chapter Title
Chapter 1 Album Sales
Chapter 2 Amphibians and Reptiles in the Southwest
Chapter 3 Pizza Party Planning
Chapter 4 Cellphone Subscriptions
Chapter 5 Sales, Coupons, and Unit Prices
Chapter 6 Discounts, Price Increases, and Commission
Chapter 7 App Stores
Chapter 8 Unit Conversion and Unit Price
Chapter 9 Garden Planning
Chapter 10 American Football
Chapter 11 Pets in the United States
vi Index of Activities
A01_BITT6290_13_AIE_FM_ppi-xiv.indd 6 21/02/18 10:30 AM
Index of
Animations
Section Title
1.9b Exponential Notation
2.4a Multiplying Fractions
3.2a Adding Fractions
4.1d Rounding Decimal Notation
5.5a Similar Triangles
6.5b Percent Increase and Percent Decrease
7.4c Histograms
8.2a Converting Between Metric Units
9.4a Volume of Rectangular Solids
10.1d Order on the Number Line
11.3a The Multiplication Principle
Index of Animations vii
A01_BITT6290_13_AIE_FM_ppi-xiv.indd 7 21/02/18 10:30 AM
Photo Credits
CHAPTER 1: p. 1 (bowl with hands) Suzanne Tucker/Shutterstock; (“Stop Hunger” and background) Jacek Dudzinski/123RF.
p. 3 Tina Manley/Alamy Stock Photo. p. 8 (left) Anton Balazh/Shutterstock; (right) NASA. p. 55 Courtesy of Barbara Johnson.
p. 66 (left) Meunierd/Shutterstock; (right) Courtesy of Geri Davis. p. 82 Sebastian Duda/Fotolia. CHAPTER 2: p. 85 (t shirts and
background) Khatawut Chaemchamras/123RF; (“Made in China”) Dawid Zagorski/123RF. p. 106 Cynoclub/Fotolia. p. 111 Petr84/
Shutterstock. p. 112 Larry Roberg/Fotolia. p. 114 (left) Cal Sport Media/Alamy Stock Photo; (right) Action Plus Sports Images/
Alamy Stock Photo. p. 128 (left) Apidach Jansawang/123RF; (right) GLRL/Shutterstock. p. 132 I love photo/Shutterstock. p. 137
Pawarin Prapukdee/Shutterstock. CHAPTER 3: p. 145 (honeybee and background) Bohdan Hetman/123RF; (honeycomb graphic)
Alexander Parenkin/123RF. p. 158 (left) 3000ad/Shutterstock; (right) Jim West/Alamy Stock Photo. p. 159 Cseh Ioan/123RF.
p. 179 Keystone Pictures USA/Alamy Stock Photo. p. 180 Ruud Morijn/Fotolia. p. 192 dpa picture alliance/Alamy Stock Photo.
p. 193 WENN Ltd/Alamy Stock Photo. p. 194 Valery Shanin/123RF. p. 201 Tom Sears—Nature Photography. p. 207 Mat Hayward/
Shutterstock. p. 211 I. Pilon/Shutterstock. CHAPTER 4: p. 213 (food display and background) Puhhha/Shutterstock; (menu)
Victor Metelskiy/Shutterstock. p. 214 ZUMA Press, Inc./Alamy Stock Photo. p. 216 (left) Foto Arena LTDA/Alamy Stock Photo;
(right) David Chedgy/Alamy Stock Photo. p. 221 (left) CHEN WS/Shutterstock; (right) digitalskillet/Shutterstock. p. 233 (upper)
Trong Nguyen/Shutterstock; (lower) iQoncept/Shutterstock. p. 234 Feverpitched/123RF. p. 237 Natthapong Khromkrathok/123RF.
p. 254 Igor Shootov/123RF. p. 257 RTimages/Shutterstock. p. 266 ammentorp/123RF. p. 267 Marmaduke St. John/Alamy Stock
Photo. p. 268 Simon Mayer/Shutterstock. p. 272 (left) Baloncici/123RF; (right) John Tlumacki/Boston Globe/Getty Images. p. 278
Marcel de Grijs/123RF. p. 279 Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock. CHAPTER 5: p. 285 (stranded sea mammal and back-
ground) Lano Lan/Shutterstock; (“The Orcas Rescue”) Dima Gorohow/Shutterstock. p. 290 (left) Artem Evdokimov/Shutterstock;
(right) Pasiphae/123RF. p. 293 Budimir Jevtic/Shutterstock. p. 295 Kidia/123RF. p. 297 (upper left) Gerard Sioen/Gamma-Rapho/
Getty Images; (upper right) Katarzyna Bialasiewicz/123RF; (lower left) Science Picture Co/Alamy Stock Photo; (lower right)
Jose Garcia/Fotolia. p. 306 (left) FOTOimage Montreal/Shutterstock; (right) Geri Lynn Smith/Shutterstock. p. 310 M. Timothy
O’Keefe/Alamy Stock Photo. p. 313 Ariel Bravy/Shutterstock. p. 315 (left) Pictorial Press Ltd/Alamy Stock Photo; (right) Kim
D. French/Fotolia. p. 316 (left) Duplass/Shutterstock; (right) Sondoggie/Shutterstock. p. 318 (left) Stephen Meese/Fotolia; (right)
Mattjeppson/Fotolia. p. 319 (left) PACIFIC PRESS/Alamy Stock Photo; (right) Dpa picture alliance/Alamy Stock Photo. p. 322
(middle) A Periam Photography/Shutterstock; (lower left) Courtesy of Geri Davis. p. 325 (both) Courtesy of Geri Davis. p. 330
CountryStock/Alamy Stock Photo. p. 331 (upper) Marek Uliasz/Alamy Stock Photo; (lower) Rawpixel/Shutterstock. CHAPTER 6:
p. 337 (transplant scene and background) Michelle Del Guercio/Science Source; (donor card) PA Images/Alamy Stock Photo.
p. 339 Jenoche/Shutterstock. p. 342 pio3/Shutterstock. p. 343 (left) Tom Oliveira/Shutterstock; (right) Matyas Rehak/Shutterstock.
p. 344 (left) Om12/123RF; (right) Andriy Popov/123RF. p. 354 mikekiev/123RF. p. 355 (upper) Brent Hofacker/123RF; (lower)
Todd Arena/123RF. p. 359 mark adams/123RF. p. 369 jewhyte/123RF. p. 371 Bart Sadowski/Shutterstock p. 372 Stockyimages/
Shutterstock. p. 373 Duangjan Jitmart/Shutterstock. p. 375 Roberto Herrett/Alamy Stock Photo. p. 376 (left) fsstock/123RF;
(right) OSDG/Shutterstock. p. 378 (left) dotshock/123RF; (right) JOHN ANGELILLO/UPI/Newscom. p. 379 (left) MBI/Alamy
Stock Photo; (right) Volodymyr Goinyk/123RF. p. 384 welcomia/Shutterstock. p. 385 Barry Blackburn/123RF. p. 387 (left) Patti
McConville/Alamy Stock Photo; (right) Africa Studio/Shutterstock. p. 388 (left) auremar/Fotolia; (right) Christina Richards/
Shutterstock. p. 393 marcos calvo mesa/123RF. p. 396 (left) Dmitry Vereshchagin/Fotolia; (right) Andres Rodriguez/Fotolia.
p. 408 Anne Rippy/Alamy Stock Photo. CHAPTER 7: p. 409 (traffic and background) chuyu/123RF; (“EXPECT DELAYS”)
Mr Doomits/Alamy Stock Photo. p. 415 Roman Tiraspolsky/Shutterstock. p. 431 Yuri Arcurs/Shutterstock. p. 433 John Green/Cal
Sport Media/Alamy Stock Photo. p. 449 Bruce Leighty/Alamy Stock Photo. p. 450 Leonard Zhukovsky/Shutterstock. p. 451 Ian
Allenden/123RF. p. 457 sashafolly/Shutterstock. p. 475 Elffle.95/Shutterstock. CHAPTER 8: p. 477 (tunnel and background) PA
Images/Alamy Stock Photo; (St. Gotthard sign) BRIAN HARRIS/Alamy Stock Photo. p. 481 studio 55/Shutterstock. p. 486 golddc/
Shutterstock. p. 491 Klaus Rademaker/Shutterstock. p. 492 PA Images/Alamy Stock Photo. p. 493 (left) peresanz/Shutterstock;
(right) Gaspar Janos/Shutterstock. p. 494 (left) Courtesy of Marv Bittinger; (right) IAN HALPERIN/UPI/Newscom. p. 500 Rob
Byron/123RF. p. 501 (left) Viktoriya Field/Shutterstock; (right) urbanlight/Shutterstock. p. 503 Dirk Ercken/Shutterstock. p. 504
Albert Russ/Shutterstock. p. 510 (left) Danilo Jr. Pinzon/123RF; (right) Cathy Yeulet/123RF. p. 521 (left) Hemis/Alamy Stock
Photo; (right) Jerry Ballard/Alamy Stock Photo. p. 526 gpointstudio/Shutterstock. p. 529 Danilo Jr. Pinzon/123RF. p. 530 ikonok-
last_hh/Fotolia. CHAPTER 9: p. 531 (Times Square ball) ABA/Newscom; (background) Patti McConville/Alamy Stock Photo;
(“HAPPY NEW YEAR”) Yganko/Shutterstock. p. 541 Mr.Pornsatid/Shutterstock. p. 553 (left) Deatonphotos/Fotolia; (right)
Wisconsin DNR. p. 566 (left) Patti McConville/Alamy Stock Photo; (right) Luisa Fernanda Gonzalez/Shutterstock. p. 567 (upper
right) Lev1977/Fotolia; (lower left) imageBROKER/Alamy Stock Photo; (lower right) Graham Prentice/Shutterstock. p. 597
Michael Zysman/123RF. CHAPTER 10: p. 599 (manatee and background) Wayne Lynch/Shutterstock; (“CAUTION” sign) CE
Photography/Shutterstock. p. 601 Ed Metz/Shutterstock. p. 606 (left) chuyu/123RF; (right) Carlos Villoch/MagicSea/Alamy Stock
Photo. p. 616 Mellowbox/Fotolia. p. 640 Deposit Photos/Glow lmages. CHAPTER 11: p. 645 (carnival ride and background) Design
Pics Inc/Alamy Stock Photo; (“Wave Swinger” sign) AGF Srl/Alamy Stock Photo. p. 683 REUTERS/Simon Kwong. p. 691 (middle
left) Rodney Todt/Alamy Stock Photo; (middle right) Oleksandra Naumenko/123RF; (lower left) Courtesy of Indianapolis Motor
Speedway; (lower right) Lars Lindblad/Shutterstock. p. 693 (left) Courtesy of Barbara Johnson; (right) Studio 8/Pearson Education
Ltd. p. 699 ZUMA Press Inc/Alamy Stock Photo.
viii Photo Credits
A01_BITT6290_13_AIE_FM_ppi-xiv.indd 8 23/02/18 10:38 AM
