Table Of ContentBall Milling Towards Green Synthesis
Applications, Projects, Challenges
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RSC Green Chemistry
Editor-in-Chief:
Professor James Clark, Department of Chemistry, University of York, UK
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19 Professor George A Kraus, Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University,
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26 Ames, Iowa, USA
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17 ProfessorAndrzejStankiewicz,DelftUniversityofTechnology,TheNetherlands
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97 Professor Peter Siedl, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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3 Professor Yuan Kou, Peking University, China
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oi: Titles in the Series:
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g | 1: The Future of Glycerol: New Uses of a Versatile Raw Material
9. c.or 2: Alternative Solvents for Green Chemistry
07:1bs.rs 3: Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Fine Chemicals
2014 23:http://pu 45:: SCuhsetmaiincaabllReeSaocltuiotinosnasnfdorPMroocdeesrsnesEucnodneormFileosw Conditions
1/n 6: Radical Reactions in Aqueous Media
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eb 9: Transportation Biofuels: Novel Pathways for the Production of Ethanol,
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Dow26 N 10: Alternatives to Conventional Food Processing
n 11: Green Trends in Insect Control
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d 12: A Handbook of Applied Biopolymer Technology: Synthesis, Degradation
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14: Advanced Oil Crop Biorefineries
15: Enantioselective Homogeneous Supported Catalysis
16: Natural Polymers Volume 1: Composites
17: Natural Polymers Volume 2: Nanocomposites
18: Integrated Forest Biorefineries
19: Sustainable Preparation of Metal Nanoparticles: Methods and
Applications
20: Alternative Solvents for Green Chemistry: 2nd Edition
21: Natural Product Extraction: Principles and Applications
22: Element Recovery and Sustainability
23: Green Materials for Sustainable Water Remediation and Treatment
24: The Economic Utilisation of Food Co-Products
25:BiomassforSustainableApplications:PollutionRemediationandEnergy
26: From C-H to C-C Bonds: Cross-Dehydrogenative-Coupling
27: Renewable Resources for Biorefineries
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28: Transition Metal Catalysis in Aerobic Alcohol Oxidation
29: Green Materials from Plant Oils
30: Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) Based Blends, Composites and
Nanocomposites
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How to obtain future titles on publication:
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Ball Milling Towards Green
Synthesis
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0 Applications, Projects, Challenges
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7 Edited by
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0. Brindaban Ranu
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oi: University of Jadavpur, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India
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07:1bs.rs Achim Stolle
2014 23:http://pu UEmniavielr:saitcyhiomf.Jsetnoall,eJ@enuan,i-Gjeenrma.adney
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07:1bs.rs RSCGreenChemistryNo.31
2014 23:http://pu PPrDinFteIISSBBNN::997788--11--8748927632--914958--00
11/on ISSN:1757-7039
d on 26/er 2014 AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary
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d Apartfromfairdealingforthepurposesofresearchfornon-commercialpurposesorfor
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s privatestudy,criticismorreview,aspermittedundertheCopyright,DesignsandPatents
ubli Act1988andtheCopyrightandRelatedRightsRegulations2003,thispublicationmaynot
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9 Foreword
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oi: Ball milling creates stress on substances. Solids break, and the resulting
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g | particles are modified in shape and size. Defects are induced and surface
6. c.or areas enlarged. Consequently, ball milling is highly relevant for various
08:0bs.rs technological fields including mineral processing, materials engineering,
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n 26/12014 o epxraomdupcltes, wthitehaarrltaenrgedempernotpserotfiecsh.eTmheicaplotsetnruticatluroefsscuacnhcmheacnhgaenloecahdeimngictaol
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Do26 free leading to ecological and economical advantages over existing tech-
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o nologiesprovidingthesameproducts.Furtherbenefitsarerecognizedwhen
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he comparingtheenergyefficiencyofballmillingwithotheractivationmodes.
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bli Apparently, ball milling can be applied in a number of bond-forming pro-
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cesses, and various standard organic transformations (such as oxidations,
reductions, and peptide formations) benefit from the use of this mechano-
chemical technique. Both low-molecular-weight compounds as well as
polymers undergo specific chemical modifications in ball mills. Surprising
observations have been made in both metal-catalyzed and organocatalytic
C–C-bondformationsincludingasymmetricversionsthereof.Liquid-assisted
grinding and kneading have proven advantageous for the preparation of co-
ordination compounds. Being aware of the technological and process para-
metersisessentialforachievingoptimalresultsinsynthetictransformations
performed in ball mills.
Although mechanochemical activations have already been utilized for a
longtime,theadvantagesofapplyingballmillsintargetedorganicsynthesis
RSCGreenChemistryNo.31
BallMillingTowardsGreenSynthesis:Applications,Projects,Challenges
EditedbyBrindabanRanuandAchimStolle
rTheRoyalSocietyofChemistry2015
PublishedbytheRoyalSocietyofChemistry,www.rsc.org
vii
View Online
viii Foreword
haslargelyremainedunrecognizeduntilrecently.Thegrowingawarenessof
environmental implications of chemical processes and the search for
greener solutions have led to a change, and today ball milling results are
morepresentinthecommunity thanever.Gainingadeeperunderstanding
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8 sible by other means will further expand the synthetic ball milling
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2 opportunities.
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8 This book will initiate new thought processes and promote the imple-
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8 mentation of ball milling as a modern synthetic technique in existing lab
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9 Preface
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oi: During the last few years ball milling has emerged as a powerful tool in
d
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9. c.or amount of solvent and operating at close to ambient temperature by appli-
08:1bs.rs cation ofmechanical energy.However,comparedto other alternative forms
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d oer and researchers. This book, entitled Ball Milling Towards Green Synthesis:
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Do26 carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bond formation, oxidation–
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o reduction, organocatalytic reaction, dehydrogenative coupling, synthesis of
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he peptide, polymeric materials, etc. highlighting its green aspects, scope and
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technological background and challenges.
We gratefully acknowledge the co-operation from all those eminent and
activescientistswhocontributedchapterstothisbookandthesupportand
guidance from the staff at the Royal Society of Chemistry.
Wehopethisbookwillbeabletoprovidebasicinformationregardingball
millinganditsapplicationinchemicalsynthesisandthuswillbeusefultoa
widesectionofchemistsincludingstudentsandresearchersassociatedwith
academy and industry.
Brindaban C. Ranu
Achim Stolle
RSCGreenChemistryNo.31
BallMillingTowardsGreenSynthesis:Applications,Projects,Challenges
EditedbyBrindabanRanuandAchimStolle
rTheRoyalSocietyofChemistry2015
PublishedbytheRoyalSocietyofChemistry,www.rsc.org
ix
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