Bailey & Love’s Short Practice of Surgery

1633 Pages·2018·93.689 MB·English

by  Norman Williams, P Ronan O’Connell, Andrew McCaskie (eds.)

Bailey & Love’s
SHORT
PRACTICE
of
SURGERY
Sebaceous horn
(The owner, the widow Dimanche, sold water-cress in Paris)
A favourite illustration of Hamilton Bailey and McNeill Love,
and well known to readers of earlier editions of Short Practice.
01_00-B&L27_Prelims_MainEdn.indd 1 25/10/2017 07:21
Henry Hamilton Bailey 1894–1961 Robert J. McNeill Love 1891–1974
Skilled surgeons, inspirational teachers, dedicated authors
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Bailey & Love’s
SHORT
PRACTICE
of
SURGERY
th
27
EDITION
Edited by
Professor Sir Norman Williams
MS FRCS FMedSci FRCP FRCP(Ed) FRCA FDS(Hon) FACS(Hon) FRCS(I)(Hon) FRCS(Ed)(Hon)
Senior Clinical Advisor to the Secretary of State for Health; Past President, The Royal College
of Surgeons of England 2011–2014; Emeritus Professor of Surgery, Barts and The London School
of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
Professor P. Ronan O’Connell
MD FRCS(I) FRCPS(Glas) FRCS(Ed)
Head of Section of Surgery and Surgical Specialties, University College Dublin,
St Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
Professor Andrew W. McCaskie
MMus MD FRCS FRCS (T&O)
Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery and Head of Department of Surgery,
University of Cambridge; Honorary Consultant, Addenbrooke’s Hospital,
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
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Bailey & Love Bailey & Love Bailey & Love
Bailey & Love Bailey & Love Bailey & Love
First published in Great Britain in 1932
This 27th edition published in 2018 by
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
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Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742
© 2018 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
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Printed on acid-free paper
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4987-9650-7 (Pack – Paperback and eBook)
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International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-138-03164-7 (International Student Edition; restricted territorial availability)
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Library of Congress Cataloging‑in‑Publication Data
Names: Williams, Norman S., 1947- editor. | O’Connell, P. Ronan, editor. | McCaskie, A. W., editor.
Title: Bailey & Love’s short practice of surgery / [edited by] Norman Williams, P. Ronan O’Connell, Andrew McCaskie.
Other titles: Bailey and Love’s short practice of surgery | Short practice of surgery.
Description: 27th edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, 2017.
Identifiers: LCCN 2017015906 (print) | LCCN 2017018725 (ebook) | ISBN 9781315111087 (General eBook) |
ISBN 9781351617994 (Adobe eBook) | ISBN 9781351617987 ( ePub eBook) | ISBN 9781351617970 (Mobipocket
eBook) | ISBN 9781138031661 (hardback : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781498796507 (pbk. : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781138031647
(international edition pbk. : alk. paper).
Subjects: | MESH: Surgical Procedures, Operative | Perioperative Care.
Classification: LCC RD31 (ebook) | LCC RD31 (print) | NLM WO 500 | DDC 617--dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017015906
Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
and the CRC Press Web site at
http://www.crcpress.com
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Bailey & Love Bailey & Love Bailey & Love
Bailey & Love Bailey & Love Bailey & Love
Contents
Preface viii PART 2: INVESTIGATION AND
Contributors x DIAGNOSIS 
Acknowledgements xvii
14 Diagnostic imaging 190
Sayings of the great xx
Matthew Matson, Muaaze Ahmad & Niall Power
15 Gastrointestinal endoscopy 216
PART 1: BASIC PRINCIPLES
James O. Lindsay & Philip Woodland
16 Tissue and molecular diagnosis 234
1 Metabolic response to injury 2
Roger M. Feakins
The late Kenneth Fearon
2 Shock and blood transfusion 12
Karim Brohi PART 3: PERIOPERATIVE CARE
3 Wounds, healing and tissue repair 24
Michael John Earley  17 Preoperative care including the high-risk
surgical patient 254
4 Tissue engineering and regeneration 33
Medha Vanarase-Pandit, Pierre Foex &
Andrew W. McCaskie & John Andrew Bradley
Anand Sardesai
5 Surgical infection 42
18 Anaesthesia and pain relief 269
Peter Lamont
Vivek Mehta & Serene Hsi-Lin Chang
6 Tropical infections and infestations 57
19 Nutrition and fluid therapy 278
Pradip K. Datta, Pawanindra Lal &
John MacFie
Sanjay De Bakshi
20 Postoperative care 290
7 Basic surgical skills and anastomoses 84
Anand Sardesai & Fay Gilder
Mark G. Coleman
21 Day case surgery 301
8 Principles of laparoscopic and robotic surgery 105
Douglas McWhinnie & Ian Jackson
Hutan Ashrafian, Sanjay Purkayastha &
Ara Darzi
9 Principles of paediatric surgery 119 PART 4: TRAUMA  
Anthony Lander
22 Introduction to trauma 310
10 Principles of oncology 139
Peter Giannoudis & Bob Handley
Robert J.C. Steele & Alastair Munro
23 Early assessment and management of severe
11 Surgical audit and research 161
trauma 322
Jonothan J. Earnshaw & Birgit Whitman
Chris Moran & Dan Deakin
12 Surgical ethics and law 170
24 Traumatic brain injury 328
Robert Wheeler
Harry J.C.J. Bulstrode & Antonio Belli
13 Human factors, patient safety and quality
improvement 176
Frank B.V. Keane & Ken Mealy
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vi Contents
25 Neck and spine 338 PART 7: HEAD AND NECK 
John Crawford & Douglas Hay
43 Cranial neurosurgery 652
26 Maxillofacial trauma 355
Harry J.C.J. Bulstrode & William P. Gray
David A. Koppel
44 The eye and orbit 672
27 Torso trauma 364
Keith R. Martin
Ken Boffard & Elias Degiannis
45 Cleft lip and palate: developmental
28 Extremity trauma 381
abnormalities of the face, mouth and jaws 686
Lee Van Rensburg
David A. Koppel
29 Disaster surgery 409
46 The ear, nose and sinuses 703
Mamoon Rashid
Iain J. Nixon, Iain Hathorn & Alex Bennett
30 Conflict surgery 424
47 Pharynx, larynx and neck 725
Jon Clasper & Phill Pearce
Terry M. Jones
48 Oral cavity malignancy 760
PART 5: ELECTIVE ORTHOPAEDICS
Andrew G. Schache
31 History taking and clinical examination in 49 Disorders of the salivary glands 776
musculoskeletal disease 436 Mark McGurk & Leandros-Vassilios F. Vassiliou
Stephen M. McDonnell & Hemant G. Pandit
32 Sports medicine and sports injuries 463 PART 8: BREAST AND ENDOCRINE
Gina Allen
50 The thyroid gland 800
33 The spine 471
Iain J. Nixon & Richard M. Adamson
Brian J.C. Freeman & Chris Lavy
51 The parathyroid glands 823
34 Upper limb 488
Ruth S. Prichard
David Limb & Sam Vollans
52 The adrenal glands and other abdominal
35 Hip and knee 511
endocrine disorders 838
Vikas Khanduja & Wasim Sardar Khan
Tom W.J. Lennard
36 Foot and ankle 524
53 The breast 860
Bob Sharp
Richard C. Sainsbury 
37 Musculoskeletal tumours 534
Paul Cool & Craig Gerrand
PART 9: CARDIOTHORACIC
38 Infection of the bones and joints 549
Martin A. McNally & Philippa C. Matthews
54 Cardiac surgery 884
39 Paediatric orthopaedics 561 Jonathan R. Anderson & Mustafa Zakkar
Deborah M. Eastwood
55 The thorax 914
Carol Tan & Ian Hunt
PART 6: SKIN AND SUBCUTANEOUS
TISSUE
PART 10: VASCULAR
40 Skin and subcutaneous tissue 592
56 Arterial disorders 942
Adam R. Greenbaum & Christopher L.H. Chan
Rob Sayers & Robert S.M. Davies
41 Burns 617
57 Venous disorders 969
Michael P.H. Tyler & Sudip J. Ghosh
Ian C. Chetter & Dan Carradice
42 Plastic and reconstructive surgery 633
58 Lymphatic disorders 995
Tim Goodacre
Gnaneswar Atturu, David A. Russell & Shervanthi
Homer-Vanniasinkam
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Contents vii
PART 11: ABDOMINAL PART 12: GENITOURINARY
59 History and examination of the abdomen 1016 75 Urinary symptoms and investigations 1374
P. Ronan O’Connell J. Kilian Mellon
60 Abdominal wall, hernia and umbilicus 1022 76 Kidneys and ureters 1398
Bruce Tulloh & Stephen J. Nixon J. Kilian Mellon
61 The peritoneum, omentum, mesentery and 77 The urinary bladder 1423
retroperitoneal space 1047 Freddie C. Hamdy
Charles H. Knowles
78 The prostate and seminal vesicles 1456
62 The oesophagus 1067 David E. Neal & Greg Shaw
Derek Alderson  79 Urethra and penis 1477
63 Stomach and duodenum 1106 Ian Eardley
Tim Underwood & John N. Primrose 80 Testis and scrotum 1497
Ian Eardley
64 Bariatric and metabolic surgery 1144
Richard Welbourn & Dimitri Pournaras  81 Gynaecology 1513
Monica Mittal, Prasanna Raj Supramaniam
65 The liver 1153
& Christian Becker
Robert P. Jones & Graeme J. Poston
66 The spleen 1176 PART 13: TRANSPLANTATION
O. James Garden
82 Transplantation 1532
67 The gallbladder and bile ducts 1188
John Andrew Bradley
Kevin C.P. Conlon
68 The pancreas 1212 APPENDICES
Satyajit Bhattacharya
Appendix 1:
69 The small intestine 1240
Common instruments used in general surgery 1560
Gordon Lawrence Carlson & Mattias Soop
Pradip K. Datta
70 The large intestine 1258 Appendix 2:
Gordon Lawrence Carlson & Jonathan Epstein Fundamental principles in the operating theatre
and the importance of global health 1563
71 Intestinal obstruction 1280
Alan Norrish & Chris Lavy
Jim Hill
72 The vermiform appendix 1299 Index 1567
Jürgen Mulsow
73 The rectum 1318
David Jayne & Hiba Fatayer
74 The anus and anal canal 1339
Karen Nugent 
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Bailey & Love Bailey & Love Bailey & Love
Bailey & Love Bailey & Love Bailey & Love
Preface to 27th Edition
When Hamilton Bailey and McNeil Love published the first a surgical team interacts is crucial to the outcome for a patient
edition of their venerated textbook in 1932 the surgical world undergoing a surgical procedure. This also applies, of course,
was a very different place to that of today. There were no anti- outside the operating theatre because multidisciplinary work-
biotics, no joint replacement, no open heart surgery, no trans- ing is now paramount to the delivery of safe and effective
plantation and many other procedures that we now take for patient care. There is no doubt that in recent years regulation
granted had simply not been invented. Medicine as a whole of medical practice has become tighter. Whereas in certain
and surgery in particular never stands still. Surgeons contin- jurisdictions some may feel that this has become stifling, there
ually strive to innovate so that they can tackle conditions is no doubt that regulation is here to stay. Needless to say, we
and diseases previously thought to be beyond reach. They should all be aware of our responsibilities to patients, both
do this against a background of new discoveries in both the morally and ethically, and, although most need no remind-
physical and biological sciences. Such breakthroughs make ing, the law is continually changing as test cases are brought
some surgical procedures redundant but others stimulate new before the courts. Hence, we draw the attention of the reader
approaches. This is seen in all specialties and consequently to the revamped chapter on ethics and the law, the tenets of
it is important for textbooks not only to keep pace with new which we must all abide by.
developments but also to ensure that a balanced view is taken Throughout the text, we have also endeavoured to point
of their place in the therapeutic armamentarium. In develop- out where we and our authors think the specialty is moving.
ing the 27th edition of this much-loved textbook, we have Exciting developments are on the horizon. For instance,
striven to keep this in the forefront of our minds and those genome sequencing will have a marked effect on how we
of our contributors. Nevertheless, in addition to considering practise in certain specialties, none more so than oncology.
the place of innovation, it is important not to ‘throw the baby Robotics is likely to improve many more surgical procedures
out with the bathwater’. We have therefore ensured that the and tissue engineering will become more commonplace. In
basic tenets of surgical practice that have stood the test of order to accommodate these advances, it has been necessary
time remain where appropriate. to streamline some of the more established chapters, other-
Since the last edition great strides have been made in wise the book would become unwieldy. As a consequence, we
certain areas and we have ensured that these have been have ensured that the ‘Further reading’ list at the end of each
embedded in the book. For instance, in colorectal surgery a chapter has been brought up to date, allowing readers to delve
tipping point has been reached whereby more elective sur- further if they so wish.
gery is performed laparoscopically than by open technique. We are very conscious that the book is popular through-
Similarly, in vascular surgery there has been an explosion in out the world and consequently we have ensured that those
the use of interventional radiology to treat conditions that diseases that are prevalent outside Europe and North America
were previously the sole province of the surgeon. Stenting of are included. Where relevant we have involved experts who
aortic aneurysms (EVAR), for instance, is rapidly replacing are used to dealing with such maladies. The chapter on
elective open operations and, in many instances, is being used tropical infections and infestations is such an example.
for treating leaking aneurysms, with a concomitant marked We have also endeavoured in this edition to be more
reduction in mortality. Damage control surgery is an increas- consistent in its layout, ensuring that we use a similar format
ingly important part of trauma management, in both civilian for tables, graphs and diagrams. Nevertheless, we have been
and conflict settings. Such developments also highlight the sure to keep the biographical details of individual scientists
important role of the multidisciplinary team and the reali- and practitioners, which have been beloved of all readers
sation that modern surgical care can no longer be provided throughout the generations. Similarly, we have retained the
in isolation. This concept is reiterated throughout the book section on surgical instruments. Although some are now very
and is also why the importance of human factors is empha- much of historical interest, they are part of our heritage and
sised in the chapter on patient safety, which is a relatively students and indeed established practitioners will, we hope,
new science of how humans behave physically and psycho- find these vignettes fascinating. We have been told that the
logically in relation to particular environments. There is no Summary boxes are very much appreciated by both under-
more intense environment than an operating theatre, so how graduate and postgraduate students revising, sometimes in
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Bailey & Love Bailey & Love Bailey & Love
Preface to 27th Edition ix
Bailey & Love Bailey & Love Bailey & Love
haste, before exams and hence our authors have ensured that streamlined the trauma and orthopaedic sections as well as
these are up to date. overseeing other chapters.
A book as comprehensive as this could never have been Readers of Bailey & Love have always been an integral part
completed without the dedication and professionalism of our of the development of the book over the years and the pres-
contributors. They have invariably answered our demands ent editorial group relish your feedback, which we know from
with alacrity and accuracy, appreciating the responsibility experience will be forthcoming. Such input is vital if the book
that goes with informing the readership of such a respected is to continue to reach the very high standards expected from
and established textbook. We are extremely grateful for all each new edition. This has been a labour of love for all of us
their efforts because we are conscious that a textbook such as involved in this edition and we do hope it fulfils your needs,
this can never rest on its laurels. If it is to remain in the higher no matter whether you are an undergraduate student explor-
echelons of surgical tomes it must have the very best contrib- ing the exciting world of surgical practice for the first time,
utors and we believe that we have brought together such a a postgraduate trainee studying for exams or an established
cadre in the present edition. This in no way diminishes the consultant who wishes to refresh his or her memory.
contributions of the authors from the previous edition who We wish you all well in your careers no matter which
are no longer involved. They, for a variety of reasons including specialty you choose to practise in and we very much hope
retirement, have passed on the baton. We are grateful to them that the 27th and indeed subsequent editions of Bailey & Love
for magnanimously stepping down and making way for ‘new accompany you on your travels through this most rewarding
blood’ and none more so than our previous co-editor Professor of professions.
Christopher Bulstrode. Chris helped revamp the 23rd, 24th,
25th and 26th Editions and these would never have been as Norman S. Williams
successful without his dedicated efforts. Chris’s place in the P. Ronan O’Connell
editorial team has been taken by Andrew McCaskie who has Andrew W. McCaskie
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