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--`,,,,``,,,,,,````,,``,,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`--- © 2004 byP rAinmteedr iicna nth We Uelndiitnegd SSotactieesty o. fA Allm riegrhictsa reserved.
NOTE: Although care was taken in choosing and presenting the data in this guide, AWS cannot guarantee that it is
error free. Further, this guide is not intended to be an exhaustive treatment of the topic and therefore may not include all
available information, including with respect to safety and health issues. By publishing this guide, AWS does not insure
anyone using the information it contains against any liability or injury to property or persons arising from that use.
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Introduction
The inspection requirements for the fabrication and welding of steel structures are very extensive. This Pocket
Handbook has been developed to provide a useful tool for inspectors to carry in their pockets or tool kits so
that selected pertinent portions of the AWS Structural Welding Code—Steel, D1.1/D1.1M:2004, can be easily
referenced at the job site. Underlining is as shown in the code.
This publication is not to be considered as a substitute for the D1.1 code book. Rather, the Handbook is provided
as a supplemental aid for the “deckplate” inspector. Only the complete code should be considered as the official
document to ensure that all of the quality attributes required for structural fabrication are performed correctly
and completely.
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Copyright American Welding Society
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Table of Contents
Requirements for Transitions Between Materials of Unequal Thickness..............................................................5
Thermal Cutting and Access Hole Requirements..................................................................................................9
Tolerance of Joint Dimensions.............................................................................................................................13
Dimensional Tolerances of Welded Structural Members.....................................................................................19
Base Material Surface Requirements...................................................................................................................25
Weld Profile Requirements..................................................................................................................................26
Acceptance Criteria for Visual Inspection of Welds............................................................................................32
Index.....................................................................................................................................................................37
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Requirements for Transitions Between Materials of Unequal Thickness
Figure 2.21—Transition of Thickness of Butt Joints in Parts of --`,,,,``,,,,,,````,,``,,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Copyright American Welding Society Unequal Thickness (Tubular) (see 2.25 [pg. 22])
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Requirements for Transitions Between Materials of Unequal Thickness
Figure 2.21 (Cont’d)—Transition of Thickness of Butt Joints in Parts of --`,,,,``,,,,,,````,,``,,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Unequal Thickness (Tubular) (see 2.25 [pg. 22])
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Requirements for Transitions Between Materials of Unequal Thickness
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Figure 2.2—Transition of Butt Joints in Parts of Unequal Thickness (Nontubular)
(see 2.7.1 [pg. 10] and 2.16.1.1 [pg. 14])
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Requirements for Transitions Between Materials of Unequal Thickness
Figure 2.12—Transition of Width (Cyclically Loaded Nontubular) (see 2.16.1.2 [pg. 14]) --`,,,,``,,,,,,````,,``,,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
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Thermal Cutting and Access Hole Requirements
5.15.4.3 Roughness Requirements. In thermal 5.15.4.4 Gouge or Notch Limitations. Rough-
cutting, the equipment shall be so adjusted and ness exceeding these values and notches or gouges
manipulated as to avoid cutting beyond (inside) the not more than 3/16 in. [5 mm] deep on other wise
prescribed lines. The roughness of all thermal cut satisfactory surfaces shall be removed by machining
surfaces shall be no greater than that defined by the or grinding. Notches or gouges exceeding 3/16 in.
American National Standards Institute surface rough- [5 mm] deep may be repaired by grinding if the
ness value of 1000 µin. [25µm] for material up to nominal cross-sectional area is not reduced by more
4in. [100 mm] thick and 2000µin. [50 µm] for mate- than 2%. Ground or machined surfaces shall be fared
rial 4 in. to 8 in. [200 mm] thick, with the following to the original surface with a slope not exceeding one
exception: the ends of members not subject to calcu- in ten. Cut surfaces and adjacent edges shall be left
lated stress at the ends shall not exceed a surface free of slag. In thermal-cut surfaces, occasional
roughness value of 2000 µin. ANSI/ASME B46.1, notches or gouges may, with approval of the Engi-
Surface Texture (Surface Roughness, Waviness, and neer, be repaired by welding.
Lay) is the reference standard. AWS Surface Rough-
ness Guide for Oxygen Cutting (AWS C4.1-77) may
5.16 Reentrant Corners
be used as a guide for evaluating surface roughness
of these edges. For materials up to and including 4 in. Reentrant corners of cut material shall be formed
[100 mm] thick, Sample No. 3 shall be used, and to provide a gradual transition with a radius of not
for materials over 4 in. up to 8 in. [200 mm] thick, less than 1 in. [25 mm]. Adjacent surfaces shall meet
Sampl-e-` ,N,,,`o`,., ,,2,, `s``h`,,a``l,l,, `b,,`e-` -u`,,s`e,,`d,`.,,`--- without offset or cutting past the point of tangency.
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The reentrant corners may be formed by thermal cut- material in which the hole is made, but not less than
ting, followed by grinding, if necessary, to meet the the thickness of the material. In hot rolled shapes and
surface requirements of 5.15.4.3. built-up shapes, all beam copes and weld access
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5.17.1 Weld Access Hole Dimensions. All weld ac- thermally cut surfaces of beam copes and weld access
cess holes required to facilitate welding operations holes shall be ground to bright metal and inspected
shall have a length ((cid:65)) from the toe of the weld by either MT or PT. If the curved transition portion of
preparation not less than 1-1/2 times the thickness of weld access holes and beam copes are formed by pre-
the material in which the hole is made. The height drilled or sawed holes, that portion of the access hole
(h) of the access hole shall be adequate for depo- or cope need not be ground. Weld access holes and
sition of sound weld metal in the adjacent plates and beam copes in other shapes need not be ground nor
provide clearance for weld tabs for the weld in the inspected by MT or PT.
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Description:American Welding Society (AWS). 2004. 40p. The inspection requirements for the fabrication and welding of steel structures are very extensive. This Pocket Handbook has been developed to provide a useful tool for inspectors to carry in their pockets or tool kits so that selected pertinent portions of
