Avian Cholera in Canada geese on southern Illinois wintering areas

96 Pages·1994·4.1 MB·English

by  Gates, R.J., Woolf, A.

FINAL REPORT
W-113-R(SD
Avian Cholera in Canada Geese
on Southern Illinois Wintering Areas
Submitted by:
Cooperative Wildlife Research Laboratory, SIUC
Presented to:
Illinois Department of Conservation
August 31, 1994
Prepared by: Approved by
Robert J. Gates, Assistant Professor Alan Woolf, Director
R
Cooperative Wildlife Research Lab. Cooperative Wildlife rch Lab.
Southern Illinois University Southern Illinois Unive
H
Carbondale, 62901 Carbondale, IL 62901
Alan Woolf Director
,
Cooperative Wildlife Research Lab.
Southern Illinois Univei/sity
Carbondale, EL 62901
Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2012 with funding from
CARLI: Consortium of Academic and Research Libraries in Illinois
http://archive.org/details/aviancholeraincaOOgate
FINAL REPORT
W-113-R(SI)
Avian Cholera in Canada Geese
on Southern Illinois Wintering Areas
Submitted by:
Cooperative Wildlife Research Laboratory, SIUC
Presented to:
Illinois Department of Conservation
August 31, 1994
Prepared by: Approved by:
W
Ac-£-<'^ \JU1
C i<~
Robert J. Gates, Assistant Professor Alan Woolf, Director /
Cooperative Wildlife Research Lab. Cooperative Wildlife Research Lab.
Southern Illinois University Southern Illinois University
Carbondale, IL 62901 Carbondale, IL 62901
Alan Woolf Director
, /
Cooperative Wildlife Research Lab.
Southern Illinois University
Carbondale, IL 62901

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Need
1
Objectives 2
Executive Summary 2
Introduction 4
Acknowledgements 5
Study Areas 6
Job 1. Characteristics of Avian Cholera Outbreaks 7
Objective 7
Introduction 7
Methods 8
Outbreak Histories 8
Outbreak Monitoring 9
Results and Discussion 13
Outbreak Histories 13
Mississippi Flyway 13
Southern Illinois 16
Outbreak Monitoring 19
Horseshoe Lake Conservation Area 19
Union County Conservation Area 21
Job 2. Environmental and Biological Factors 23
Objective 23
Introduction 23
Environmental Persistence 23
Culture and Isolation From the Environment 24
Methods 26
Water Quality Sampling 26
Culture and Isolation of P. multocida 28
Selective Media Testing 28
Environmental Sampling 31
Results and Discussion 32
Water Quality 32
Spring 1992 32
Fall 1992 38
Prediction of Ca and Mg From Conductivity 40
Comparison with Other Enzootic Sites 43
Culture and Isolation of P. multocida 44
Selective Media Testing 44
Environmental Sampling 45
Job 3. Physiological Condition and Environmental Stresses 49
Objective 49
Introduction 49
Methods 50
Results 51
Body Organ Masses 51
Effects of Post Mortem Interval on Steroid Assays 54
Tissue Hormone Concentration and Content 54
Adrenals 54
Gonads 54
Thyroid and Liver Hormones 54
Effects of Year on Corticosterone Levels 57
Discussion 57
Job 4: Analysis and Report 59
Objective 59
Introduction 59
Epizootiology of Avian Cholera in Southern Illinois 60
Implications for Research and Management 65
Literature Cited 69