Table Of ContentAuxiliary Verb Constructions
OXFORD STUDIES IN TYPOLOGYAND LINGUISTIC THEORY
serieseditors:RonnieCann,UniversityofEdinburgh,WilliamCroft,University
ofNewMexico,ScottDeLancey,UniversityofOregon,MartinHaspelmath,Max
Planck Institute Leipzig, Nicholas Evans, University of Melbourne, Anna Sie-
wierska,UniversityofLancaster
published
ClassiWers:ATypologyofNounCategorizationDevices
AlexandraY.Aikhenvald
AuxiliaryVerbConstructions
GregoryD.S.Anderson
Pronouns
D.N.S.Bhat
Subordination
SoniaCristofaro
TheParadigmaticStructureofPersonMarking
MichaelCysouw
IndeWnitePronouns
MartinHaspelmath
Anaphora
YanHuang
Copulas
ReginaPustet
TheNounPhrase
JanRijkhoV
IntransitivePredication
LeonStassen
Co-CompoundsandNaturalCoordination
BernhardWa¨lchli
publishedinassociationwiththeseries
TheWorldAtlasofLanguageStructures
editedbyMartinHaspelmath,MatthewDryer,BernardComrie,andDavidGil
InPreparation
Reciprocals
NicholasEvans
ApplicativeConstructions
DavidPeterson
DoubleObjectConstructions
MariaPolinsky
Auxiliary Verb
Constructions
GREGORY D. S. ANDERSON
1
3
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Contents
Acknowledgements xii
Listoftables xiii
Listofabbreviations xiv
1 AuxiliariesandAuxiliaryVerbConstructions
Introductionandoverview 1
1.1 Samplingmethodology 1
1.2 Auxiliaryverbsasunderstoodinthisvolume 4
1.3 Auxiliaryverbconstructions 7
1.4 AVCsandothercomplexpredicatetypes 9
1.4.1 AVCsandserialverbconstructions 11
1.4.2 AVCsandverb/complementstructures 15
1.4.3 CoordinateformationsandAVCs 16
1.4.4 Otheraux-likeelements 16
1.5 InXection,dependencyandheadednessinAVCs 18
1.5.1 InXection 18
1.5.2 Heads 21
1.6 BriefhistoryofthestudyofauxiliaryverbsandAVCs 27
1.7 FunctionaltypologyofAVCs:anoverview 30
1.7.1 TAMcategories 30
1.7.2 Negativepolarity 33
1.7.3 Voice 34
1.7.4 Versionandorientation/directionality 35
1.7.5 ‘Adverbial’functions 37
1.8 Structureofthevolume 37
2 aux-headedConstructions
Overview 39
2.1 Formalsubtypesofaux-headedauxiliaryverbconstructions 39
2.2 InWnitiveformsoflexicalverbsinAVCsoftheaux-headed
pattern 44
2.3 NominalizedformsoflexicalverbsinAVCsoftheaux-headed
pattern 56
viii Contents
2.4 Gerund/converbformsoflexicalverbsinAVCsofthe
aux-headedpattern 64
2.5 ParticipleformsoflexicalverbsinAVCsoftheaux-headed
pattern 70
2.6 Tense-aspect-moodformsoflexicalverbsinaux-headed
AVCs 78
2.7 OtherformsoflexicalverbsinAVCsoftheaux-headed
pattern 82
2.7.1 Subordinate/dependentformsoflexicalverbsinAVCs
oftheaux-headedpattern 83
2.7.2 ReduplicatedformsoflexicalverbsinAVCsofthe
aux-headedpattern 85
2.7.3 SwitchreferenceformsoflexicalverbsinAVCs
oftheaux-headedpattern 89
2.7.4 ConnegativeformsoflexicalverbsinAVCs
oftheaux-headedpattern 91
2.7.5 Case-markedformsoflexicalverbsinAVCs
oftheaux-headedpattern 95
2.7.6 Connective/conjunctiveformsoflexicalverbsin
AVCsoftheaux-headedpattern 100
2.7.7 Irrealis/subjunctiveformsoflexicalverbsin
AVCsoftheaux-headedpattern 101
2.8 Bareorunmarkedformsofthelexicalverb(Ø) 102
Summary 113
3 lex-headedAuxiliaryVerbConstructions
Introduction 116
3.1 Subtypesoflex-headedAVCs 116
3.2 Reanalysed‘clausal’subjectformsaslex-headedAVCs 131
3.3 Otherpatterns 135
3.4 Dependency relationsinlex-headedAVCs 138
3.5 Alternationsbetweenlex-headedandotherpatterns 141
Summary 142
4 DoubledInXection
Introduction 144
4.1 Doubledsubject(andobject)inXection 144
4.1.1 DoubledsubjectinXection 144
4.1.2 DoubledsubjectandobjectinXection 151
Contents ix
4.2 DoubledTAMinXection 163
4.3 DoubledsubjectandTAMinXection 167
4.4 Doublednegation 173
4.5 StructuraldependencyandinXectionalco-headedness
inAVCs 174
4.5.1 DoubledinXectionwith‘dependent’markedlexical
verb 175
4.5.2 DoubledinXectionwith‘dependent’markedauxiliary
verb 181
Summary 182
5 SplitandSplit/DoubledInXectionalPatterns
Overview 183
5.1. Splitpatterns 183
5.1.1 Lexicalverbinanegativeform;Auxiliaryverbmarks
subjectandTAM 183
5.1.2 Lexicalverbmarksobject,Auxiliaryverbmarkssubject 190
5.1.3 LexicalverbmarksTAMcategories,Auxiliaryverb
markssubject(object) 198
5.1.4 Lexicalverbmarkssubject,Auxiliaryverbmarks
TAMcategories 200
5.1.5 Lexicalverbmarkssubject,TAMcategories,Auxiliary
verbmarksnegative 203
5.1.6 Lexicalverbmarkssubject,Auxiliaryverbmarksobject 205
5.1.7 Someothersplitpatterns 207
5.1.8 TAMsplits 210
5.1.9 Pseudo-splitpatterns 213
5.1.10 Summaryofsplitforms 214
5.2 Split/doubledpatterns 215
5.2.1 CategoriesmarkedontheAuxiliaryverbplusdoubled
categories 215
5.2.2 Somecategoriesonlexicalverb,othersdoubled 221
5.2.3 SomecategoriesonAuxiliaryverb,someonLexical
verb,somedoubled 227
5.2.4 Summaryofsplit/doubledpatterns 242
5.3 Dependencywithinsplitandsplit/doubledpatterns 242
Summary 248
Description:This is the most comprehensive survey ever published of the auxiliary verb construction. Drawing on a database of over 800 languages Dr Anderson examines their morphosyntactic forms and semantic roles. He investigates and explains the historical changes leading to the cross-linguistic diversity of i
