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Autoblographlcal International Relahons
This volume provides a novel approach to International Relations. In the
course of 15 essays, scholarswrite about howlife events brought them to their
subject matter. They place their narratives in the larger context of world
politics, culture, and history.
Autobiographical International Relations believes that the fictive distancing
associated with academic prose creates disaifection in both readers and
writers. In contrast, these essays demonstrate how to reengage the “I” while
simultaneously sustaining theoretical precision and historical awareness.
Authors highlight their motives, their desires, and their wounds. By connect-
ing their theoretical and practical engagements with their needs and wounds,
and by working within the overlap between theory, history, and auto-
biography, these essays aim to increase the clarity, urgency, and
meaningfulness ofacademic work.
These essays are autobiographical, but focused on the academic aspect of
authors’ lives. Specifically, they are set within the domain of international
relations/global politics. They are theoretical, but geared to demonstrate that
theoretical decisions emerge from theorists’ needs and wounds. Theoretical
precision, rather than being explicitly deduced, is instead innnanent to the
autobiographical and the historical/cultural narrative each author portrays.
And, these essays are framed in historical/cultural terms, but seek to bind
together theory, history, culture, and the personal into a differentiated and
vibrant whole.
This book moves the field of International Relations towards greater
candidness about how personal narrative influences theoretical articulations.
No such volume currently exists in the field ofinternational relations.
Naeem Inayatullah is Associate Professor at Ithaca College, USA. With
David Blaney, he has co-authored Savage Economics (Routledge 2010) and
International Relations and the Problern ofDijj’erence (Routledge 2004). He is
-.|__
the co-editor, with Robin Riley, ofinterrogating Imperialism (Palgrave 2006).
l J
Governing Sustainable Development
ITlteI"l’9l1fi0l15 Partnership protest and power at th ld uniiriit
Edited by Jenny Edkins C,-I,-3Dearh 6 WOT S
Aberystwytn University
and Nick Vaughan-Williams 1,15“,-mg Secumy
U"l”E?'-W3)’ Cf Wfil‘“”lCk Biopolitics, security and risk
Luis Lobo-Guerrero
Foucault and International Relations
New critical engagements
Editedby Nicholas J Kiersey andDong Stokes
As Michel Foucault has famously stated, “knowledge is not made for International Relations and
understanding; it is made for cutting.” In this spirit The Edkins- Non-Western Thought
Vaughan-Williams Interventions series solicits cutting edge, critical works Imperialism, colonialism and investigations ofglobal
that challenge mainstream understandings in international relations. It is modernity
the best place to contribute post disciplinary works that think rather Editedby Robbie Sliilliam
than merely recognize and affirm the world recycled in IR’s traditional
geopolitical imaginary. Autobiographical International
Michael J. Shapiro, University ofHawai’i at Miinoa, USA Relations
The series aims to advance understanding ofthe key areas in which scholars Editedby Naeem Inayatallali
workingwithin broad critical post-structural and post-colonial traditions have
chosen to make their interventions, and to present innovative analyses of
important topics.
Titles in the series engage with critical thinkers in philosophy sociology,
politics and other disciplines and provide situated historical, empirical and
textual studies in international politics
Critical Theorists and International Relations
Editedby Jenny Edkins andNick Vaaghan-Williams
Ethics as Foreign Policy
Britain, the EU and the other
Dan Bitlley
Umversality, Ethics and International Relations
A grammatical reading
Veronique Pin-Fat
The Time ofthe City
Politics, philosophy, and genre
MichaelJ. Shapiro
'I
This ground-breaking account ofIRfrom theperspective ofautobiography is Autobiographical International
a necessaryfirst step in re-imagining thepublic Iprivate divide that governs so
much ofmodern intellectual life. A critical, coherent andholistic understanding Relations
ofthe discipline is impossible without this boolc which challengesus to reflect on
how our seemingly dispassionate intellectual labours are shaped by personal, I, IR
private, andoften unaclcnowledgednarratives.
Debbie Lisle, Queens University Belfast, Ireland
Inayatullah’s volume brings together a wonderfully diverse group ofscholars to
consider the role ofthe selfin the writing ofacademic international relations.
It is criticalreadingforanyone concernedwith how the ‘stories’ ofinternational
politics areforrnedand told.
Edited by
Elizabeth Dauphinee, York University, Canada
Naeem Inayatiillah
Autobiographical International Relations illuminates our understandings of
globalpolitics. By bringing out the all too often ignoredfactors that shape an
author’s research, the contributors to this volume all reveal~ in highly insight-
ful ways — how the issues that drive them are intrinsically linked to the same
political and culturalfactors that lie at the heart ofinternational relations.
Roland Bleiker, Professor ofInternational Relations,
University ofQueensland, Australia
This isone ofthe best books Ihave readduringmy academic career in IR. It is
engaging, poweiful, courageous, humorousandinsightful. The autobiographical
stories presented here by various IR scholarsfrom all over the world reveal
internationalpolitics in a way it is rarely thought of The writers explore their
personal experiences and in this process shed a new and unique light on con-
cepts such as “Communism”, "the Military,” “Third World,” and “Immigra-
tion.” These stories help us connect with the writers and see ourselves within
them. A wonderful readfor everyone who wants to think about how politics
actually works in the ordinary individual level.
Oded Ltiwenheim, Senior Lecturer, Dept. ofInternational
Relations, The Hebrew University ofJerusalem, Israel
A strilcingly original and provocative collection that reveals and suggests a
vital rolefor personal narrative in International Relations. Vivid accounts of
mundane moments and extraordinary experiences in life histories and career
trajectoriespresage new approaches that challenge the very ‘how’ and ‘why’ of
thefield
Mike Pearson, Professor ofPerformance Studies,
Aberystwyth University, Wales
Roufledge
Taylor5-iFri-incisGroup
LONDONANDNEWYORK ;
-.
I.
l
II
-I-.
For SYK
Firstpublished2011
byRoutledge
2Park Square, MiltonPark, Abingdon, Oxon, 0X144RN
SimultaneouslypublishedintheUSAand Canada
by Routledge
2'i0MadisonAvenue, NewYork, NY 10016
Routledgeisan imprintofthe Taylorcl’:FrancisGroup,
an inforinabusiness
©2011 EditorialandSelectedmatter,NaeemInayatullali; individual
chapters, thecontributors
TherightofNaeemInayatullahtobeidentifiedaseditorofthiswork
hasbeenassertedbyhiminaccordancewiththeCopyright, Designs
and PatentAct 1988. .
TypesetinTimesNewRomanbyTaylor8:FrancisBooks
PrintedandboundinGreatBritainbyCPIAntony Rowe,
Chippenhain,Wiltshire
Allrights reserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereprinted or
reproducedorutilisedinanyformorbyanyelectronic, mechanical,
orothermeans, nowknownorhereafterinvented,including
photocopyingandrecording, orinanyinformationstorageor
retrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfrom thepublishers
BritishLibrary Cataloguingin PublicationData
Acataloguerecordforthisbookisavailable fromtheBritishLibrary
LibraryofCongress CataloginginPublicationData
Autobiographicalintemational relations : I, IRieditedby
NaeemInayatullah.
p. cm. -(Interventions)
Includesbibliographical referencesandindex.
1. International relations. 2. Internationalrelationsspecialists.
I. Inayatullah,Naeeni.
.lZ1305.Al322010
32T.092’2-dc22 201002lS54
ISBN 13: 9T3-0-415-T3142-8 (hbk)
ISBN 13: 9173-0-415-73143-5 (pbk)
ISBN 13: 9T3-0-203-83722-l (ebk)
I’ve said before that every craftsman Cflntents
searches for what’s not there
to practice his craft.
A builder looks for the rotten hole
where the roofcaved in. Awater—carrier
picks the empty pot. A carpenter
stops at the house with no door.
Workers rush toward some hint
ofemptiness, which they then
start to fill. Their hope, though,
is for emptiness, so don’t think
you must avoid it. It contains 1 List ofconmbutors xi
what you need! Acknowledgmenrs xiv
Dear soul, ifyou were not friends
with the vast nothing inside,
Falling and flying: an introduction
why would you always be casting your net
NAEEM INAYATULLAH
into it, and waiting so patiently?
Rumi (1991; 106)
Accidental scholarship and the myth ofobjectivity
F;--i.\5’f»'
STEPHEN CHAN
Objects among objects 19
JENNY EDKINS
Stammers between silence and speech 31
NARENDRAN KUMARAKULASINGAM
Scenes ofobscenity: the meaning ofAmerica under
epistemic and military violence 41
KHADIJA F. EL ALAOUI
I, thedouble soldier: an autobiographic case-study on the
pitfalls ofdual citizenship 56
RAINER I-I1'JLssE
Weakness leaving my body: an essay on the interpersonal
relations ofinternational politics ;'i65,[‘
JACOB L. STUMP \_,_ JIr-
53)
Waiting for the revolution: a foreigner’s narrative
ALINA SAJED
Am I not that? at the feet ofelders 93
SARA-MARIA SORENTINO
x Contents
Listernng for the elsewhere and the not yet academic @ Contributors
labor as a matter ofethical witness
LORIAMY
To realize you’re creolized white flight, black at
culture, hybridity
JOELDINERSTEIN /E\ ,1’/‘-._.
Goodbye nostalgia‘ in memory ofa country that
@
never existed as such
wannaVRASTI
Lori Amy is Associate Professor of Writing and Linguistics at Georgia
Shaping walls moving through Lanka’s forts 152 Southern University. Her first book, The Wars We Inherit (Temple
NETI-IRA SAMARAWICKREMA 2010) explores how military structures, as institutions of public, cultural
violence, imbue society with physical, verbal, emotional, and sexual
/‘TN
Three stories a way ofbeing in the world <I3 1r—l aggression.
PATRICKTHADDEUS JACKSON
Stephen Chan, OBE, is Professor ofInternational Relations at the School of
G(r)azing the fields ofIR romping buffaloes, Oriental and African Studies in London, and the 2010 ISA Eminent
festive villagers Scholar in Global Development.
QUYNH PHAM AND HIMADEEP MUPPIDI
Joel Dinerstein is Associate Professor of English at Tulane University
/"7
The sound ofconversation and director of the American Studies program. He is the author of an
_‘—--._\]
sonavvaKHAN award-winning study ofJazz and industrialization, Swinging the Machine:
Modernity, Technology, andAfiican-American Culture Between the World
Cosinography recapitulates biography an epilogue Wars (University ofMassachusetts Press 2003).
PETER MANDAVILLE
Jenny Edkins is Professor ofInternational Politics at Aberystwyth University.
Herbooksinclude: Displaced Missing, Disappeared(Cornell, forthcoming),
204
Trauma and the Memory ofPolitics (Cambridge 2003), Whose Hanger?
Concepts of Famine, Practices of Aid (Minnesota 2000, re-issued in
paperback 2008), and Poststructuralisrn and International Politics (Lynne
Reinner 1999). She is co-editor with Maja Zehfuss of Global Politics: A
New Introduction (Routledge 2008) and with Nick Vaughan-Williams of
Critical Theorists in International Relations (Routledge 2009).
Khadija F. El Alaoui is Mellon Postdoctoral Fellow in Peace and Justice
Studies in the American Culture Program at Vassar College, NY. Her
writing focuses on the mutations of colonialism, especially within the
current context ofUS—Arab encoiuiters.
Rainer Hiilsse, the former military cyclist, is now Lecturer in International
Relations at the University of Munich, Germany. He is doing research
on the role of metaphors in international politics, on money-laundering
xii Contributors Contributors xiii
and investment promotion. On weekends, he participates in mountain Nethra Samarawickrema has a BA in Politics from Ithaca College and will
bike races. begin her MA in Social Anthropology at Dalhousie University. She is
currently gathering oral histories in the Galle Fort on how generations of
Naeeiii Inayatullah is Associate Professor of Politics at Ithaca College. With Muslim women have used its colonial architecture to express their agency.
David Blaney, he is the author of Savage Economics (Routledge 2010),
International Relations and the Problem of Dtfihrence (Routledge Sara-Maria Sorentino graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in Politics from
2004), and with Robin Riley, editor ofInterrogating Imp-ei'ialism (Palgrave Ithaca in 2008. She has since been employed in the childcare field and is
2006). currently studying Dagomba drumming. She can be contacted at smsor-
[email protected].
Patrick Thaddeus Jackson is Associate Professor of International Relations
and Director of General Education at American University. His most Jacob L. Stump is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Shepherd
recentbook is The ConductofInquiry in InternationalRelations (Routledge University. His research and writing focus on the relationship between
2010). He blogs at WWW.(l11Cl{Of1'l‘1lHBl’Vfl.CO111. American national identity and interpersonal security conduct. He can be
reached [email protected].
Sorayya Khan is the author ofFive Queen’s Road (Penguin India 2009) and
Noor (Penguin India, 2003). She is the recipient of a Fulbright award, a Wanda Vrasti is a Post-Doctoral Fellow at the Humboldt University in
Malahat Review Novella Prize, and a Constance Saltonstall Foundation Berlin. Her research uses critical and ethnographic lenses to discuss tour-
Artist Grant. Her fiction has appeared in several literary reviews and ism, memory, affect, and immaterial work. She is working on a book
anthologies. project from her dissertation on “The Self as Enterprise: The Case of
Volunteer Tourism.” Her previous work has been published in Millennium
Narendran Kumarakulasingam currently teaches International Relations at and Politics and Culture.
American University. He is interested in studying violence and con-
temporary forms ofcolonialism in international relations.
Peter Mandaville is Associate Professor of Govermnent and Islamic Studies
and Founding Director of the Center for Global Studies at George
Mason University. He is the author of the books Global Political Islam
(Routledge 2007) and Transnational Muslim Politics: Reirnagining the
Urnrna (Routledge 2003).
Himadeep Muppidi is Associate Professor of Political Science on the Betty
GolfCook Cartwright Chairin International Studies atVassarCollege. He
is the author of The Colonial Signs ofInternational Relations (Columbia!
Hurst 2010) and The Politics ofthe Global (University ofMinnesota Press
2004)
Quynh N. Pham is a senior majoring in Political Science at Vassar College.
She willjoin the doctoral program in Political Science at the University of
Minnesota in Fall 2010.
Alina Sajed has been an Assistant Professor ofIR at the University ofHong
Kong since September 2010. Two of her articles are forthcoming with
Citizenshio Studies and Review of International Studies. Routledge has
agreed to publish her manuscript entitled Transgressing International
Relations: PostcolonialEncounters in the Maghreb.
Acknowledgments Falling and flying
An introductionl
Naeem Inayatullah
‘Ii
I was thrilled to work with these 17 authors. I dropped everything when Thewayofloveis nota subtle argument. The door thereisdevastation. Birds
I received their drafts, savored their stories, and could not help but respond make great sky-circles oftheir freedom. How do they learn it‘? They fall, and
immediately. They tolerated my often heavy-handed interventions and falling, they are given wings.
they endured my illusive guidelines. I want to acknowledge their openness, Rumi (1995: 243)
generosity, and fearlessness. I am eager to continue this venture, in part,
because that would allow us to include a number of colleagues whose
participation was vital but who, for various reasons, could not be included Autobiographical International Relations began for me as, what Rinni might
in this volume. They are Xavier Guillaume, Jesse Crane-Seeber, Sidharth call, _ Following the 2001 US bombingcampaign
Mallavarapu, Chip Gagnon, and Arlene Tickner. I am grateful to Jenny against Afghanistan, people in my hometown ofIthaca started searching for
Edkins and Nick Vaughan-Williams for including our volume in their Inter- eirperts on Afghanistan. They had suddenly acquired a thirst for information
ventions series and to Craig Fowlie for his critical acumen and savoir-faire. on the Afghan people and their landscape. Bombing begets pedagogy, 3y_e
Four anonymous reviewers offered insight, direction, and encouragement might say. I found myself naively stepping into this lack, first, by filling the
that I found uplifting. Roland Bleiker, Elizabeth Dauphinee, and Oded role of “expert.” I accepted nearly two-dozen speaking engagements in
Lowenheim are engaged in similar endeavors. I thank them for their path October and November of 2001. I also then wrote my first autobiographical
blazing and their firm assurance. Along the way, Stephen Chan, Meili Steele, essay (Inayatullah 2003a). Despite voraciously reading on Afghanistan, and
Lori Amy, Minnie Bruce Pratt, Zillah Eisenstein, and Sorayya Khan have despite the absence of any Afghanistan specialists in a town that contains
inspired me to pursue this kind ofwork. I wish to make a special mention of three institutions of higher learning, I could not convince myself of my
Kiran Pervez who played a key role in organizing, sustaining, and enriching specialist status. But I did find claims to authorize my speaking voice: Louis
ourcollective but whose filmmaking muse called herto a differentpath. I am Dupree and Nancy Hatch Dupree, two of the world’s most knowledgeable
very grateful to Rod Beers, Jim Best, James Davie, Ben Hogben, Karen people on Afghanistan, were my teachers; I was raised in the city of Pesha-
Johnson, Kelly Merritt, Cheryl Neville, Ellen Shank, Laurie Wasik, Lynda war; and I had twicevisitedAfghanistanin 1972 and 1973. Close enough, no‘?
Walters, Lynn Tordella, and especially Gail Belokur for their essential logis- Even prior to the bombing, I had been edging__§owai;ds,,,I_l3.e_.cLi.flI_Q£.auto~
tical support that they always delivered with kindness. Sorayya, Kamal, and biography — having been enticed there by the confessional political writing of
Shahid fill my every breath withjoyful humor and precious affection. Minnie Bruce Pratt, moved there by the graceful historical fiction ofSorayya
Khan, and gently pushed there by my colleague Zillah Eisenstein who urged
that I take some risks with my writing persona. But it was the bombing itself
that triggered myjump and my fall. In my essay, I hoped to convey a simple
idea, that there is something,theregsomething real 3_.I:lj.'Ilhl11tE_:1I'lg_ll)l§ that the
soon to be saturated m.edia,coverage_ ,Afgl1anist_ari_was not
iioijgme an abstract_lQQH1l1lD.g_Z_Q_I1§. Its astoundingmountains and riversand its
magnificent people were materializations of a profoundly important history
and spirit. In my not altogether un-romantic view, Afghans had a quality
I had not seen elsewhere, a quality without which I felt the world could not
a
2 Naeern Inayatullah Falling andflying 3
thrive, and a quality that I badly needed but which, I sensed, had eluded me Our first formal engagement was a roundtable at the 2005 ISA in Hawaii.
my whole life. I began to call this quality warm indtfi'ei'ence, away oflife that There, indeed, the off-panel energy became infusedwithin the formal space of
seems unconcerned about the West, modernity, and capitalism but never- the panel. The presentations were closer to stories, confessions, and auto-
theless sustains a sense ofhospitality to external values. Prior to writing the biographies, and the audience responded with tales of their own. Confession
essay, I had not sensed my need for Afghanistan. What I had earlier was begets confession and story begets story, we might say. Relative to a tradi-
anger and rage at those perpetrating the bombing. tional panel, this seemed a free for all. And yet, no one left, no one leafed
As I formulated the essay, I felt the need to make myselfthe target ofmy through their bulky program. Eyes, ears, whole bodies seemed present. We
Words I W-'<u1.tvd. to §11Q}‘-’ rather than tell, I vri1it¢cLtc_exlnbiia couldn’t tell what it was, but it wasn’t the usual. Excitement seemed mingled
discovery,rather thaiipstger__towards, a__co_nclu_sion. In an elliptical andround- with suspicion, and desire mixed with fear. Not everyone’s cup of tea, no
aboutfashion, I illustrated how I diminished Afghan culture by placing it doubt, but we picked up new members and mostly consolidated our resolve.
lower on the developmental scale, how my prejudice came to be challenged, For the 2006 ISA in San Diego, we offered two panels. These brought
and how this challenge forced a re-assessment, not just of my view of together more interlocutors, more energy, and more conversation.
Afghanistan, but ofmy life altogether. My fervent need to convey something Still, fear of falling and fear of flying abounded. At least three members
about Afghanistan forced me beyond my professional training towards what wrote fiat chronological accounts that seemed oddly devoid of life. In each
I hopedwould be a more persuasive form ofcommunication. case, I already knew something about their absorbing lives. Nor did their
In 2002, my friend and colleague Meili Steele helpedme craft the essay and writing on other projects display an absence of vitality. I interpreted
then gave me ample time to present it at the fourth annual conference on the their unenthusiastic efforts as extended misgivings about their participation
“The Future of Cultural Memory.” I was surprised by the positive response and about the project itself. They seemed to be saying, “Look, I am not sine I
I receivedfrom the audience. One colleague said, “I don’t know what else you am ready to uncover things - my class or family origins — things, that I have
work on but you must continue this work.” Initially, I was puzzled, amioyed, so successfully covered up.” One member finally admitted that writing in
and angered by these reactions. I was puzzled by my inability to grasp what this manner might hurt intimates and that delivering such pain was not in
made autobiography so engaging, and I was amioyed at my suspicion that the cards. A few worried that writing about their lives would play into the
spine form Of Qrientalis_t_ exoticispiwas at w_o_i;kiii §iu,dien_ce. (A noted unwritten rule whereby “foreigners” are pushed to write about their
scholar on autobiography commented, “Your life is so interesting.” Aren’t all home countries rather than to theorize about the world at large. Others wrote
l_i_ve§_ii_1t§r_e§_tjri_g1_I asked myself.)2 And, I was slightly angered that after fine drafts but hesitated to share them with our collective. One person
working on classical political economy and international relations theory considered writing a draft only on the condition of anonymity, and another
for decades, it was my life and not my work that garnered attention. These produced an excellent draft but only after I had promised thatwe could make
irritations remain with me. cuts or move to anonymity if too much was revealed. One of our founding
The circulation of my Afghanistan essay led to requests for more such members astutely finessed the problem by continually deferring a submission
writing —by Christine Sylvester and by Stephan Senders? Having stepped off past the deadline — five years later! Our collective sensibility had not yet
the cliff, and still falling, I seemed to have been lifted and given flight by gelled.
unexpected sources. As I continued to harbor my suspicions, I also wondered Frustrated with our inability to produce results beyond panels, I was ready
if this form might not enable something. But I am getting ahead of myself to let go and admit that the project was too difiicult. We presented nothing at
because, as is always the case, my tale is thoroughly embedded within a the ISA 2007 in Chicago, but this produced a surprise. Many asked us
collective story. about the status of the project and then complained about its absence.
Cut to the lobby ofa Montreal hotel during the 2004 International Studies This project neither lives nor dies, I thought. Nevertheless, revitalized by
Association conference: four or five of us converse intensely — off-panel, of concerns about the project’s fate and hoping that the goal of a collective
course. As the conversation about our lives, journeys, and ideas spirals and volume might galvanize us, Kiran Pervez and I made one more push. The
then rockets, we note what is obvious to any conference participant: off-panel lure ofa tangible result seemed to produce momentum.
conversations are fascinating and enthralling whereas the formal presenta- Shortly after the Chicago ISA, Jenny Edkins and Maja Zehfuss turned myl
tions too often are not. Vie all s_e_e_m..st_ru_clg_t_hatg__the,lifc_t.rtii§=i3l,ori_es ofgur co- our falling into flying by inviting me to present two autobiographical essays
°_0}‘li’§.t§flllQ.1J.t1li§.L$are.iIar.§n9rs-_enarkabnam as part of the BISA Poststructural Politics Group Workshop, titled Dividing
theofivesdrgggpnknpit2_iI_1_1_'___(:'§t-;'_l£D§l. We wonder how we can exploit these contrasts Practices: Race, Class, Religion and Global Economic Inequality, at the
between on- and off-panels sites and between on- and off-theory talking. University of Abeiystwyth. There, I was bowled over by Jenny’s colleagues
We start planning. who seemed very much at home with the kind of project I imagine we
