Table Of Contentbasque language
entertaining and follow a unique and humorous praise for Aurrera! A Textbook for Studying Basque volume 2 Aurrera! is a comprehensive text for
Aurrera!
friendship through both volumes. The friends beginning-level students who are learning
“This is a good, solid introduction to Basque. The explanations are clear,
A
have conversations on diverse topics. Volume
helpful, and appropriate for beginning students, and the overall tone is Basque (the Batua form approved by the Acad-
2 includes a pronunciation guide, which is also encouraging and friendly. The author provides abundant exercises for a
u emy of the Basque Language) in a classroom
t
available as a free downloadable mp3 file at practice and clearly explains how these might be adapted for classroom e
xr setting or on their own. Volume 2 covers a third
or individual use, and she offers suggestions for effective learning t
www.unpress.nevada.edu/aurrera.
strategies. The dialogues are excellent, with each one including bor and fourth semester of college-level study, ad-
Aurrera! offers a systematic approach to
o
many occurrences of the structure in question as well as e dressing more advanced grammatical structures
k
teaching Basque in a classroom. In addition, it variations on the structure, such as its negative and fr and introducing additional vocabulary.
o
gives independent learners a sound foundation interrogative forms.” r
a As in the first volume of this textbook, each
in the language that will allow them to make their s
t! chapter in volume 2 introduces new elements
kristin addis, u
own way in a Basque-speaking environment and
d
translator and editor of Basque literature y of grammar and new vocabulary, and provides
to read basic Basque texts.
i
n written and spoken exercises, dialogues, and
g
linda white is professor emerita of Basque b other activities that demonstrate the language
a a textbook for studying basque volume 2
Studies at the University of Nevada, Reno, where s in action. The complex rules of Basque grammar
q l
she taught the Basque language for many years.
u i
n are explained in easy-to-understand terms, and
She is the coauthor of the English-Basque Dic- e d
tionary and the pocket Basque-English, English- a the dialogues, exercises, and reading texts offer
w
Basque Dictionary, both published by the Univer-
h numerous examples of each structure along
sity of Nevada Press, and has translated numer- i
t
with common idioms and the basics of social
e
ous works from Basque and Spanish.
conversation.
University of Nevada Press
The text is supported by a free downloadable
mp3 audio guide to a selection of the dialogues in
the volume. The guide allows students to listen
to the dialogues read by native speakers and to
ISBN 978-0-87417-784-8
56000 practice their own pronunciation and conversa-
Linda White
jacket illustration: © iStockphoto/Kirill Zdorov tion skills. The dialogues are
nevada
jacket design: Kathleen Szawiola 9 780874177848
Trim Size: 6 x 9 inches Colors: C M Y K
Panel width: 6-1/8 inches green 100 5 50 26
Spine width: 1-7/32 inch
Panel depth: ` 9-1/4 inches
Aurrera!
t h e b a s q u e s e r i e s
Aurrera!
a textbook for studying basque
volume 2
Linda White
university of nevada press
reno & las vegas
The Basque Series
University of Nevada Press, Reno, Nevada 89557 USA
Copyright © 2010 by University of Nevada Press
All rights reserved
Manufactured in the United States of America
Design by Kathleen Szawiola
Library of Congress Cataloging-i n-P ublication Data
White, Linda, 1949–
Aurrera! : a textbook for studying Basque / Linda White.
p. cm. — (The Basque series)
Includes index.
ISBN 978-0 - 87417- 799- 2 (set hardcover: alk. paper)
ISBN 978- 0- 87417- 726- 8 (vol. 1 hardcover : alk. paper)
ISBN 978-0 - 87417- 784- 8 (vol. 2 hardcover: alk. paper)
1. Basque language—Textbooks for foreign speakers—English. I. Title. II. Series.
PH5035.W55 2008
499'.9282421—dc22 2008016123
The paper used in this book is a recycled stock made from 30 percent
post- consumer waste materials, certifi ed by FSC, and meets the requirements of
American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper
for Printed Library Materials, ANSI / NISO Z39.48- 1992 (R2002).
Binding materials were selected for strength and durability.
first p rinting
19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10
5 4 3 2 1
This book is dedicated to
all of my Basque- American friends,
but especially to
Ann Louise Amestoy,
Kate Camino,
and Marc Ugalde.
Contents
Preface x i
Acknowledgments x iii
How to Use This Book xv
Pronunciation Guide xix
one ■ what are you doing? 1
Dialogue: Zertan ari zara? 1
Hitz eta esaldi berriak 2
Present progressive with ari naiz 3
Responding to Zertan ari zara? Zer egiten ari zara?
(What are you doing?) 4
Using the partitive with gabe (without) 10
Dialogue: Zer ordutan transmititzen dute albistegia? 12
Hitz eta esaldi berriak 14
Responding to Zer ordutan? (At what time?) 15
Zer ordutan? Saying “at fi ve minutes to,” “at ten
before,” etc. 18
More comparisons: - ago 22
Responding to Zertara? (For what purpose? Why?)
with - ra on verbal noun 23
Zertarako? (For what purpose? Why?): “in order to . . .”
. . . -t eko / . . . -t zeko 26
Verbal noun + - ko with certain words: Prest nago . . .
- teko (- tzeko) 28
Answers 30
tw o ■ i saw you. did you see me? 39
Dialogue: Lapurrek ez naute ikusi 39
Hitz eta esaldi berriak 40
Ukan (nor- nork) with fi rst- and second- person- singular
objects nau / zaitu 41
vii
viii contents
Ukan (nor- nork) w ith fi rst- and second- person- plural forms
gaitu / zaituzte 45
Reading: Banpiroak interesgarriak dira 49
Hitz eta esaldi berriak 50
Asking indirect questions with question words 51
Answering a question with Ez dakit . . . -[ e]n (I don’t know . . . ) 56
Responding to Zer uste duzu? (What do you think?) with Nire
ustez. (In my opinion . . . ) 60
Ibili (nor) in the present indicative 61
Using - (e)nean to express “when, while” 62
Answers 65
three ■ who gave you the invitation? 73
Dialogue: Nork eman dizu gonbidapena? 73
Hitz berri eta zaharrak 73
Ukan (nor- nori- nork / “what-t o whom-w ho”) forms dio / die 75
Making comparisons with [ . . . ] baino . . . ago(a) 81
Dialogue: Elkarrizketak afarian 84
Hitz berri eta zaharrak 85
Ukan (nor- nori- nork) form dizu 86
Ukan (nor- nori- nork) forms dizue / digu 91
Ukan (nor- nori- nork) forms dit / dida (to me) 94
Using - (e)nean (when, while) with nor- nori- nork 99
Answers 102
four ■ who gave us poison? 109
Dialogue: Pozoia ur-s isteman! 109
Hitz eta esaldi berriak 110
Dialogue: Ipuinak jarraitzen du (The story continues) 113
Hitz eta esaldi berriak 114
Galderak ospitalean (Questions at the hospital) 116
Nor- nori- nork summary 118
Dialogue: Saguzaharraren zigorra 122
Hitz eta esaldi berriak 123
Answers 128
five ■ give me sticks and guns 140
Dialogue: Saguzaharra harrapatuko dugu! 140
Hitz eta esaldi berriak 141
contents ix
Ukan (nor- nori- nork) with plural direct objects 144
Dialogue: Saguzaharraren bila 152
Hitz eta esaldi berriak 152
Dialogue: Xurgak Goxori zerbait esan behar dio 154
Answers 158
six ■ when were you born? 168
Dialogue: Noiz jaio zinen? 168
Hitz eta esaldi berriak 169
Izan (nor): Simple past (preterite) or distant past 170
Preterite with subordination markers - (e)n and - (e)la 174
Ari nintzen (past progressive) 176
Dialogue: Xurgaren Londresko komuna 178
Hitz eta esaldi berriak 179
Old and new location words 181
Preterite of egon with subordination markers - (e)n / - (e)la 183
Answers 186
seven ■ the bats wanted to talk 192
Dialogue: Saguzaharrek hitz egin nahi zuten 192
Hitz eta esaldi berriak 193
Ukan (nork- zer) in the simple past with third- person- singular
direct objects 195
Past tense of ukan with plural direct objects 203
Dialogue: Goxoren etxea Xurgarena baino hobea al da? 211
Hitz eta esaldi berriak 212
Bigger, biggest, and too big: Comparatives (- ago, - en,- egi) 212
Answers 216
eight ■ the things we used to do 225
Dialogue: Goxoren lehengusu arraroak 225
Hitz eta esaldi berriak 226
Habitual past 228
More ways to make comparisons 232
Saying “as . . . as . . .” 233
Reminder about adverbs 235
Dialogue: Ez duzu hainbeste diru behar (You don’t need that
much money) 238
