Augustine and Manichaean Christianity: Selected Papers from the First South African Conference on Augustine of Hippo, University of Pretoria, 24-26 April 2012

255 Pages·2013·2.32 MB·English

by  Johannes van Oort

Augustine and Manichaean Christianity
Nag Hammadi and
Manichaean Studies
Editors
JohannesvanOort&EinarThomassen
EditorialBoard
j.d.beduhn–a.d.deconick–w.-p.funk
i.gardner–s.n.c.lieu–a.marjanen
p.nagel–l.painchaud–b.a.pearson
n.a.pedersen–s.g.richter–j.m.robinson
m.scopello–j.d.turner–g.wurst
VOLUME83
Thetitlespublishedinthisseriesarelistedatbrill.com/nhms
Augustine and
Manichaean Christianity
Selected Papers from the
First South African Conference on Augustine of Hippo,
University of Pretoria, 24–26 April 2012
Editedby
JohannesvanOort
LEIDEN•BOSTON
2013
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
SouthAfricanConferenceonAugustineofHippo(1st:2012UniversityofPretoria)
AugustineandManichaeanChristianity:selectedpapersfromthefirstSouthAfricanConference
onAugustineofHippo,UniversityofPretoria,24-26April2012/EditedbyJohannesvanOort.
pagescm.–(NagHammadiandManichaeanstudies;vol.83)
Includesindex.
ISBN978-90-04-25477-0(hardback:alk.paper)–ISBN978-90-04-25506-7(e-book)1.Augustine,
Saint,BishopofHippo–Congresses.2.Manichaeism–Congresses.I.Title.
BR65.A9S6452012
270.2092–dc23
2013018716
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CONTENTS
Preface:AugustineandManichaeanChristianity:ATestimonytoa
ParadigmShiftinAugustinianStudies? ............................ ix
ListofContributors.....................................................xvii
JasonDavidBeDuhn
“NottoDepartfromChrist”:Augustinebetween“Manichaean”
and“Catholic”Christianity ......................................... 1
1 Augustine’sDebttoManichaeism.............................. 2
2 Augustine'sMediatingPositionbetweenManichaeanand
CatholicChristianity........................................... 12
JacobAlbertvandenBerg
BiblicalQuotationsinFaustus’Capitula............................ 19
1 Introduction ................................................... 19
2 ContextoftheOldTestamentQuotes.......................... 21
3 TheFormoftheOldTestamentTexts .......................... 26
4 SomeThoughtsaboutFaustus’Sources ........................ 30
5 Conclusions.................................................... 34
MajellaFranzmann
AugustineandManichaeanAlmsgiving:Understandinga
UniversalReligionwithExclusivistPractices....................... 37
1 TheManichaeanConceptofAlmsgiving....................... 38
a FromtheTexts............................................. 38
b InPractice ................................................. 39
2 ExclusiveCommunitiesandFoodExclusion................... 43
3 Conclusion..................................................... 47
ThereseFuhrer
Re-codingManichaeanImagery:theDramaticSettingof
Augustine’sDeordine............................................... 51
1 PreliminaryRemarks:AugustineinMilan—From
Manichaeanto‘Converted’Memberofthe‘Catholic’Church.. 51
2 TheDiscussioninDeordine:MalumintheWorldOrder....... 54
vi contents
3 TheDramaticSettingofDeordine,ItsMeaningand
Interpretation.................................................. 55
4 TheManichaeanLanguageofMotifsandImages.............. 60
5 PlatonicversusManichaeanCodingofthe‘SettingText’....... 62
6 The‘Place’ofthemalumintheWorldOrder................... 65
7 Conclusion..................................................... 68
IainGardner
Mani,AugustineandtheVisionofGod ............................ 73
1 TheManichaeanDailyPrayerstotheSunandtheMoon ...... 73
2 SolarandLunarEclipses ....................................... 77
3 ManichaeanCosmologyandEschatology...................... 79
4 Augustine’sCritiqueandtheVisionofGod .................... 82
AndreasHoffmann
TheFewandtheMany:AMotifofAugustine’sControversywith
theManichaeans ................................................... 87
1 Hortensius ..................................................... 88
2 Manichaeism................................................... 91
2.1 IntellectualDemand:TheFew“Enlightened”.............. 92
2.2 EthicalDemand:TheFew“Saints” ......................... 95
3 TheFewandtheManyintheControversywiththe
Manichaeans................................................... 98
4 Conclusion..................................................... 105
AnnemaréKotzé
AProtreptictoaLiminalManichaeanattheCentreof
Augustine’sConfessions4........................................... 107
1 Introduction ................................................... 107
2 The‘LiminalManichaean’...................................... 107
3 TheStructureofBook4 ........................................ 109
3.1 Introduction ............................................... 109
3.2 ScholarshiponBook4 ..................................... 109
3.3 TheStructureofBook4.................................... 114
4 TheCentralPassageofBook4asaProtreptictoaLiminal
Manichaean.................................................... 123
4.1 Introduction ............................................... 123
4.2 Paragraphs4.14–15:ReflectionandPrayer.................. 126
4.3 Paragraphs4.16–19:ApostropheoftheSoulandOther
Souls ....................................................... 127
5 Conclusions.................................................... 133
contents vii
JosefLössl
Augustineon“TheTrueReligion”:ReflectionsofManichaeismin
Deverareligione .................................................... 137
1 TheManyInfluencesonandPurposesofDeverareligione .... 137
2 TechniquesofAnti-ManichaeanArgumentandManichaean
Responses...................................................... 140
3 ManichaeanInfluencesandBackground ...................... 144
3.1 TheAddressee(Romanianus).............................. 144
3.2 Augustine’sOwnHistoryasaManichaean................. 147
4 Conclusion..................................................... 152
JohannesvanOort
God,MemoryandBeauty:A‘Manichaean’Analysisof
Augustine’sConfessions,Book10,1–38 .............................. 155
1 TheConfessionsasaWorkAimedatManichaeanReaders..... 155
2 Analysisofconf.10 ............................................. 157
2.1 Book10andItsDivision.................................... 157
2.2 TheOpeningPassage(conf.10,1) ........................... 158
2.3 BeginningtheSearchforGodinMemory(conf.10.7ff.).... 162
2.4 GodandtheFiveSenses ................................... 166
2.5 GodandMemory:conf.10,12–13andKephalaion56
Compared.................................................. 168
2.6 GreatistheFacultyofMemory’(conf.10,26),butGod
TranscendsIt(conf.10,37).................................. 172
2.7 GodasBeauty(conf.10,38)................................. 173
3 Conclusions.................................................... 174
NilsArnePedersen
ManichaeanSelf-DesignationsintheWesternTradition........... 177
1 AutonymsandExonymsamongChristianGroupsin
Antiquity....................................................... 177
2 TheOpinionofRichardLim ................................... 180
3 TheCaseofSecundinus........................................ 181
4 TheCasesofFortunatus,FelixandFaustus .................... 182
5 The‘Manichaean’Bassa........................................ 188
6 TheCopticSources............................................. 188
7 Conclusion..................................................... 192
viii contents
APPENDIX
RESEARCHOVERVIEW
GijsMartijnvanGaans
TheManichaeanBishopFaustus:TheStateofResearchAftera
CenturyofScholarship ............................................. 199
Introduction:TheDiscoveriesof1929andSubsequentYears....... 199
1 ScholarlyDebatebeforetheFindsof1929...................... 201
1.1 AlbertBruckner............................................ 201
1.2 PaulMonceaux ............................................ 204
2 After1929....................................................... 205
2.1 FrançoisDecret ............................................ 205
2.2 SmallContributionsbetween1978and2001 ............... 209
2.3 GregorWurst............................................... 212
2.4 JacobAlbertvandenBerg ................................. 214
2.5 AlbanMassie............................................... 216
2.6 JasonDavidBeDuhn ....................................... 221
2.7 JohannesvanOort ......................................... 223
3 Remarks,ConclusionsandNewQuestions..................... 224
Index ................................................................... 229
preface
AUGUSTINEANDMANICHAEANCHRISTIANITY:
ATESTIMONYTOAPARADIGM
SHIFTINAUGUSTINIANSTUDIES?
Afewdecadesago,theprevailingopinioninAugustinianscholarshipwas
thatthefieldcouldyieldnothingnew.ForcenturiesthewholecorpusAugus-
tinianum had been studied thoroughly, one could even say exhaustively;
new studies would, in actual fact, only be updated versions of old find-
ings.Everythinghadbeencollectedintomessuchasthoseofthefamous
seventeenthcenturyscholarLouis-SébastienLeNaindeTillemont,1orhad
beensupremelydescribed,morerecently,byPeterBrown2fortheEnglish
andexhaustivelydocumentedbyAndréMandouze3fortheFrenchspeak-
ing world. However, this picture changed with the discovery of a number
of new letters by Augustine in ancient manuscripts in France some years
before 1981.4 These finds were followed by two other significant discov-
eries: a number of previously unknown sermons in a manuscript in the
Mainzcitylibraryin19905and,mostrecently,sixnewsermonsinacodexin
1 Volume13ofhisfamousMémoiresecclésiastiques,finishedin1695,wasentitled‘La
vie de saint Augustin’ and contains all relevant information available at the time from
Augustine’s own works and other relevant sources. See now the conveniently accessible
Englishtranslation(withannotationandintroductionbyFrederickVanFleterena.o.):Louis
Sébastien, Le Nain de Tillemont, The Life of Augustine of Hippo. Part One: Childhood to
EpiscopalConsecration(354–396),NewYorketc.:PeterLang2010;PartTwo:TheDonatist
Controversy(396–411),NewYorketc.:PeterLang2012;PartThree:ThePelagianControversy
(412–430)(forthcoming).
2 PeterBrown,AugustineofHippo.ABiography,London:Faber&Faber1968(Newedi-
tion,withanEpilogue:Berkeley:UniversityofCaliforniaPress2000).
3 AndréMandouze,SaintAugustine.L’aventuredelaraisonetdelagrâce,Paris:Études
Augustiniennes1968.
4 SanctiAureliAugustiniOpera.Epistulaeexduobuscodicibusnuperinlucemprolatae,
rec.JohannesDivjak,Vienna:Hoelder-Pichler-Tempsky1981(CorpusScriptorumEcclesiasti-
corumLatinorum88);LeslettresdesaintAugustindécouvertesparJohannesDivjak.Commu-
nicationsprésentéesaucolloquedes20et21Septembre1982,Paris:ÉtudesAugustiniennes1983;
ŒuvresdesaintAugustin46B,Lettres1*–29*.Nouvelleéditiondutextecritiqueetintroduction
parJohannesDivjak.Traductionetcommentairepardiversauteurs(BibliothèqueAugustini-
enne46B),Paris:ÉtudesAugustiniennes1987.
5 Augustind’Hippone,Vingt-sixsermonsaupeupled’Afrique.RetrouvésàMayence,édités
par François Dolbeau, Paris: Institut d’Études Augustiniennes 1996; Augustin prédicateur