Table Of ContentSpringer Handbook of Auditory Research
Series Editors: Richard R. Fay and Arthur N. Popper
Springer Handbook of Auditory Research
Volume 1: The Mammalian Auditory Pathway: Neuroanatomy
Edited by Douglas B. Webster, Arthur N. Popper, and Richard R. Fay
Volume 2: The Mammalian Auditory Pathway: Neurophysiology
Edited by Arthur N. Popper and Richard R. Fay
Volume 3: Human Psychophysics
Edited by William Yost, Arthur N. Popper, and Richard R. Fay
Volume 4: Comparative Hearing: Mammals
Edited by Richard R. Fay and Arthur N. Popper
Volume 5: Hearing by Bats
Edited by Arthur N. Popper and Richard R. Fay
Volume 6: Auditory Computation
Edited by Harold L. Hawkins, Teresa A. McMullen, Arthur N. Popper, and Richard R. Fay
Volume 7: Clinical Aspects of Hearing
Edited by Thomas R. Van De Water, Arthur N. Popper, and Richard R. Fay
Volume 8: The Cochlea
Edited by Peter Dallos, Arthur N. Popper, and Richard R. Fay
Volume 9: Development of the Auditory System
Edited by Edwin W Rubel, Arthur N. Popper, and Richard R. Fay
Volume 10: Comparative Hearing: Insects
Edited by Ronald Hoy, Arthur N. Popper, and Richard R. Fay
Volume 11: Comparative Hearing: Fish and Amphibians
Edited by Richard R. Fay and Arthur N. Popper
Volume 12: Hearing by Whales and Dolphins
Edited by Whitlow W.L. Au, Arthur N. Popper, and Richard R. Fay
Volume 13: Comparative Hearing: Birds and Reptiles
Edited by Robert Dooling, Arthur N. Popper, and Richard R. Fay
Volume 14: Genetics and Auditory Disorders
Edited by Bronya J.B. Keats, Arthur N. Popper, and Richard R. Fay
Volume 15: Integrative Functions in the Mammalian Auditory Pathway
Edited by Donata Oertel, Richard R. Fay, and Arthur N. Popper
Volume 16: Acoustic Communication
Edited by Andrea Simmons, Arthur N. Popper, and Richard R. Fay
Volume 17: Compression: From Cochlea to Cochlear Implants
Edited by Sid P. Bacon, Richard R. Fay, and Arthur N. Popper
Volume 18: Speech Processing in the Auditory System
Edited by Steven Greenberg, William Ainsworth, Arthur N. Popper, and Richard R. Fay
Volume 19: The Vestibular System
Edited by Stephen M. Highstein, Richard R. Fay, and Arthur N. Popper
Volume 20: Cochlear Implants: Auditory Prostheses and Electric Hearing
Edited by Fan-Gang Zeng, Arthur N. Popper, and Richard R. Fay
Volume 21: Electroreception
Edited by Theodore H. Bullock, Carl D. Hopkins, Arthur N. Popper, and Richard R. Fay
Continued after index
William A. Yost
Arthur N. Popper
Richard R. Fay
Editors
Auditory Perception
of Sound Sources
William A. Yost Arthur N. Popper
Speech and Hearing Sciences Department of Biology
Arizona State University University of Maryland
Tempe, AZ 85287 College Park, MD 20742
USA USA
Contents
Series Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Volume Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
1. Perceiving Sound Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
William A. Yost
2. Human Sound Source Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Robert A. Lutfi
3. Size Information in the Production and Perception
of Communication Sounds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Roy D. Patterson, David R.R. Smith, Ralph van Dinther,
and Thomas C. Walters
4. The Role of Memory in Auditory Perception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Laurent Demany and Catherine Semal
5. Auditory Attention and Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Ervin R. Hafter, Anastasios Sarampalis, and Psyche Loui
6. Informational Masking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Gerald Kidd, Jr., Christine R. Mason, Virginia M. Richards,
Frederick J. Gallun, and Nathaniel I. Durlach
7. Effects of Harmonicity and Regularity on the Perception
of Sound Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Robert P. Carlyon and Hedwig E. Gockel
8. Spatial Hearing and Perceiving Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Christopher J. Darwin
9. Envelope Processing and Sound-Source Perception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Stanley Sheft
10. Speech as a Sound Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
Andrew J. Lotto and Sarah C. Sullivan
11. Sound Source Perception and Stream Segregation in Nonhuman
Vertebrate Animals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
Richard R. Fay
Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .325
v
Series Preface
The Springer Handbook of Auditory Research presents a series of comprehensive
and synthetic reviews of the fundamental topics in modern auditory research. The
volumes are aimed at all individuals with interests in hearing research, including
advanced graduate students, postdoctoral researchers, and clinical investigators.
The volumes are intended to introduce new investigators to important aspects
of hearing science and to help established investigators to better understand the
fundamental theories and data in fields of hearing that they may not normally
follow closely.
Each volume presents a particular topic comprehensively, and each serves as
a synthetic overview and guide to the literature. As such, the chapters present
neither exhaustive data reviews nor original research that has not yet appeared
in peer-reviewed journals. The volumes focus on topics that have developed
solid data and a strong conceptual foundation rather than on those for which a
literature is only beginning to develop. New research areas will be covered on a
timely basis in the series as they begin to mature.
Each volume in the series consists of a few substantial chapters on a particular
topic. In some cases, the topics will be those of traditional interest for which
there is a substantial body of data and theory, such as auditory neuroanatomy
(Vol. 1) and neurophysiology (Vol. 2). Other volumes in the series deal with
topics that have begun to mature more recently, such as development, plasticity,
and computational models of neural processing. In many cases, the series editors
are joined by a coeditor with special expertise in the topic of the volume.
Richard R. Fay, Chicago, IL
Arthur N. Popper, College Park, MD
vii
Volume Preface
To survive, animals must navigate, find food, avoid predators, and reproduce;
and many species survive based on their ability to communicate. All of these
crucial behaviors allow animals to function in a crowded world of obstacles,
objects, and other animals. Many of these objects vibrate and produce sound,
and sound may be used to determine the sources of the sound and to serve as
a basis for communication. Sounds produced by different sources are combined
in one sound field that must be parsed into information that allows for the
determination of the individual sources. This process begins at the level of
the auditory receptor organ, but is primarily accomplished by processing of the
peripheral code in the brain. Given the variety of sources that produce sound, the
complexity of the world in which these sources exist, and the lack of peripheral
receptors to analyze sound sources per se, determining the sources of sound
presents a significant challenge for the auditory system. At present, not a great
deal is known about how the auditory system deals with this challenge. This
book reviews several topics that are likely relevant to enhance an understanding
of the auditory system’s ability to determine sound sources.
Yost, in Chapter 1, provides an overview of the volume and the issues that
arise in considering sound source perception. Chapter 2, by Lufti, describes the
properties of resonating sources, especially solids, and how the various properties
of a resonating sound source (e.g., size, mass, tension) may affect sound source
perception. In Chapter 3, Patterson, Smith, van Dinther, and Walters consider the
standing-wave properties of sound sources, such as the vocal tract, and how the
size of such resonators may determine the perception of the source. Chapter 4,
by Demany and Semal, reviews much of the current knowledge about auditory
memory, especially as it may relate to sound source perception. In addition to
the importance of attending to one source or another to function in our everyday
acoustic world, auditory attention may also play a direct role in aiding the
auditory system in segregating one sound source from another. Chapter 5, by
Hafter, Sarampalis, and Loui, reviews much of the literature related to auditory
attention. In Chapter 6, by Kidd, Mason, Richards, Gallun, and Durlach, the
topics of masking, especially energetic and informational masking, are reviewed
as they relate to sound source perception. This is followed by Chapter 7, by
Carylon and Gockel, in which the authors discuss how sources may be perceived
and segregated based on a source’s fundamental frequency of vibration and its
resulting harmonic structure or temporal and spectral regularity.
ix
x Volume Preface
A great deal is known about how differences in interaural arrival time and
interaural level differences are used to locate the position of sound sources.
Darwin (Chapter 8) considers the role spatial separation (especially interaural
time and level differences) plays in sound source perception and segregation.
In Chapter 9, Sheft discusses temporal patterns of sounds and how these
patterns pertain to sound source perception. This is followed by Chapter 10, by
Lotto and Sullivan, who consider the speech-perception literature that provides
insights into processes that might be considered for a better understanding of
sound source perception for any potential sound source. Finally, in Chapter 11,
Fay reviews the growing body of literature on how animal subjects other than
humans process sound from sources.
Related chapters pertaining to other aspects of sound source perception can be
found elsewhere in chapters from the Springer Handbook of Auditory Research
series. Several chapters in Volume 15 (Integrative Functions in the Mammalian
Auditory Pathway) relate to the questions of sound source perception, especially
Chapter 9 (“Feature Detection in Auditory Cortex”) by Nelken. Lewis and Fay,
in Volume 22 (Chapter 2), Evolution of the Vertebrate Auditory System, is
a treatment of the acoustic variables that could play a role in sound source
perception. Volume 24 (Pitch: Neural Coding and Perception) contains several
chapters that relate to this topic, especially Chapter 8, by Darwin, on “Pitch
and Auditory Grouping.” Volume 25 (Sound Source Localization) is a recent
authoritative review of this topic. Volume 28 (Hearing and Sound Commu-
nication in Amphibians), and especially Chapter 11 on “Sound Processing in
Real-World Environments,” by Feng and Schul, treats many aspects of sound
source perception in amphibians.
William A. Yost, Chicago, IL
Arthur N. Popper, College Park, MD
Richard R. Fay, Chicago, IL
Contributors
robert p. carlyon
MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK, Email:
xii Contributors
andrew j. lotto
Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Arizona,
Tucson, AZ, 85721-0071, Email:
