Table Of ContentAtlas of Neutron Resonances
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Atlas of Neutron Resonances
Resonance Parameters and
Thermal Cross Sections
Z=l-100
5th Edition
S.F. Mughabghab
National Nuclear Data Center
Brookhaven National Laboratory
Upton, USA
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First, second and third editions published 1952, 1955 and 1973 by Brookhaven National
Laboratory
Fourth edition published 1981 by Academic Press
Fifth edition published 2006 by Elsevier
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To Pavel, Charles and Suzanna for their support
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Preface
This book is the fifth edition of what was previously known as BNL-325, Neutron
Cross Sections, Volume 1, Resonance Parameters (Third Edition, 1973) by S. F.
Mughabghab and D. I. Garber. The first edition of the BNL-325 reports which
appeared in 1955 was prepared by Donald J. Hughes and John A. Harvey. The
fourth edition was published by Academic Press in two parts in 1981 and 1984.
As with the last two editions, only recommended parameters are presented. For
more detailed information relating to experimental data, the user is encouraged to
consult the web site of the National Nuclear Data Center at Brookhaven National
Laboratory, www.nndc.bnl.gov.
In addition to the extensive list of detailed individual resonance parameters
for each nucleus, this book contains thermal cross sections and average resonance
parameters as well as a short survey of the physics of thermal and resonance neu-
trons with emphasis on evaluation methods. The introduction has been expanded
to include commonly used nuclear physics formulas and topics of interest such as
direct or valence neutron capture, sub-threshold fission, the nuclear level density
formula, and the treatment of electric dipole radiation in terms of the Fermi Liquid
Model. As in the last edition, additional features have been included to appeal to a
wider spectrum of users. These include (1) spin-dependent scattering lengths that
are of interest to solid state as well as nuclear physicists and neutron evaluators,
(2) Maxwellian average 30-keV capture cross sections that are of importance to
astro-physicists, (3) s-, p-, and d-wave average radiative widths, gamma strength
functions for s- and p-wave neutrons, and (4) nuclear level density parameters.
The various neutron strength functions are compared with optical model calcula-
tions and the radiative widths are calculated within the approach of the generalized
Fermi Liquid Model and then compared with experimental data. Extensive appli-
cation of the Porter-Thomas distribution, coupled with Bayesian analysis in the
resonance region, was made in order to determine the parity of neutron resonances.
The objective of achieving consistency between the thermal cross sections on one
hand and the resonance parameters on the other is met by postulating negative
energy resonances. Immediately preceding the resonance parameter tables, one can
find the contributions to the thermal capture and fission cross sections from pos-
itive energy resonances for each spin state (for odd target nuclei) as well as the
direct capture component calculated within the framework of the the Lane-Lynn
approach. This information is required in nuclear structure investigations carried
out with thermal neutrons and in the design of a thermal neutron polarizers.
The previous editions of BNL-325 have been widely used and extensively cited.
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viii Preface
We hope that this new edition will continue to be a prime resource which will
satisfy the needs of the casual and serious users of neutron cross sections as well
investigators interested in this rich field.
S. F. Mughabghab
National Nuclear Data Center
Brookhaven National Laboratory
September 2005
Acknowledgments
A project of this magnitude would not be possible without support from many
individuals. The list of people whose help must be acknowledged is necessarily
long. Three people must be specially thanked. These are Dr. Pavel Oblozinsky,
Dr. Charles Dunford, and Dr. Alejandro Sonzogni. Without their support and
encouragement, the production of this fifth edition would not be possible. The
scope of the project consisted of four parts: (1) preparation of the pertinent up-to-
date body of data; (2) evaluation and recommendation and (3) computer coding,
and (4) checking and production.
(1) Production of this book demanded an accurate and complete body of the
world's resonance parameter and thermal cross section data. The computerized
files of the CSISRS data library of the National Nuclear Data Center (NNDC) were
used. In addition, the other three international data centers Data Bank (NEA),
NDS (IAEA) and CJD (Russia) transmitted to us data collected from their areas
of responsibility.
(2) To produce resonance parameter listings in a readily usable form for check-
ing, computer coding was ably carried out by Dr. R. Kinsey.
(3) As an aid in the evaluation procedure, computer codes for physics checking
and calculation of quantities from the voluminous amount of resonance parameters
were required. The author wishes to express his gratitude to Dr. Charles Dunford,
Dr. Jongwa Chang (KAERI),and Dr. Soo-Youl Oh (KAERI).
(4) This volume was produced from computer-generated postscript files. The
program to compose pages, including upper and lower symbols and Greek letters
was written by Dr. R. Kinsey; subsequent modifications were carried out by Dr.
T. Burrows. Their contributions were invaluable. The conversion of these files to
pdf format, the checking of the final results, and the production of the figures was
carried out by Dr. B. Pritychenko. Also, Dr. D. Rochman contributed in the
production of the figures. The aid of Dr. D. Winchell in producing the numerous
equations in Latex format is greatly appreciated. The author wishes to thank Mrs.
J. Totans and Mrs. M. Blennau for their aid in the production task and Mr. R.
Arcilia for his tireless effort in providing the necessary PC services.
In addition, the author wishes to thank Dr. P. Oblozinsky, Dr. J. Tuli, Dr.
M. Herman and Dr. A. Sonzogni for their suggestions and criticisms regarding the
manuscript. Discussions of thermal capture cross sections with Dr. N. Holden are
acknowledged.
Many physicists outside the NNDC have aided in this publication. The author
is grateful to the many experimentalists throughout the world who made special
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