Atlas of Histology of the Juvenile Rat

464 Pages·2016·327.62 MB·English

by  George A Parker

Atlas of Histology of the Juvenile Rat
This page intentionally left blank
Atlas of Histology of the
Juvenile Rat
Edited by
George A. Parker and Catherine A. Picut
WIL Research, a Charles River Company, Hillsborough, NC, United States
Illustrations editor:
Cynthia Swanson
WIL Research, Hillsborough, NC, United States
AMSTERDAM • BOSTON • HEIDELBERG • LONDON • NEW YORK • OXFORD
PARIS • SAN DIEGO • SAN FRANCISCO • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TOKYO
Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier
Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier
125 London Wall, London EC2Y 5AS, UK
525 B Street, Suite 1800, San Diego, CA 92101-4495, USA
50 Hampshire Street, 5th Floor, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, UK
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the
publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our
arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be
found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions.
This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as
may be noted herein).
Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our
understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary.
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information,
methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own
safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility.
To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any liability for any injury
and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any
methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein.
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress
ISBN: 978-0-12-802682-3
For information on all Academic Press publications
visit our website at https://www.elsevier.com/
Publisher: Sara Tenney
Editorial Project Manager: Pat Gonzalez
Production Project Manager: Lucía Pérez
Designer: Mattew Limbert
Typeset by MPS Limited, Chennai, India
Contents
List of Contributors vii 4. Respiratory System
Abbreviations ix
Melanie A. Greeley
Introduction xi
Introduction 89
Embryologic Development of the
1. Skin and Mammary Gland Respiratory Tract 89
Nasal Cavity 89
Lauren M. Staska and Jefferson T. Pike
Larynx and Trachea 90
Introduction 1 Bronchi, Bronchioles, and Terminal Bronchioles 91
Skin (Histologic Anatomy and Development) 1 Lung 91
Histologic Anatomy of the Skin 1 References 92
Epidermis 1
Hair and Hair Follicle 2 5. Gastrointestinal Tract
Sebaceous Glands (Dermal and Specialized) 3
Catherine A. Picut and Gary D. Coleman
Arrector Pili Muscles 3
Dermis 3 Introduction 127
Subcutis 3 Control of Postnatal Development 127
Eccrine Sweat Glands 3 Tongue 128
Postnatal Development of the Skin 4 Esophagus 128
Mammary Gland 4 Stomach 129
References 5 Small Intestine 130
Large Intestine 131
References 131
2. Musculoskeletal System
Jairo S. Nunes 6. Liver, Exocrine Pancreas, and
Salivary Glands
Introduction 29
Skeletal Muscle 29 Danielle L. Brown, Lauren M. Staska and
Bone 29 Jefferson T. Pike
References 30
Introduction 173
Liver 173
3. Nervous System Exocrine Pancreas 174
Salivary Glands 175
Catherine A. Picut, Danielle L. Brown and
Submandibular Gland 175
Amera K. Remick
Sublingual Gland 176
Introduction 45 Parotid Gland 176
Brain 45 References 177
Neurons 45
Glial Cells 46 7. Female Reproductive System
Myelin 47
Catherine A. Picut and Amera K. Remick
Spinal Cord 47
Peripheral Nerves 47 Introduction 203
References 47 Ovary 203
v
vi Contents
Oviduct 204 10. Immune System
Uterus 204
George A. Parker and Tracey L. Papenfuss
Cervix 204
Vagina 204 Introduction 293
References 205 Bone Marrow 293
Thymus 293
8. Male Reproductive System Spleen 294
Lymph Nodes 295
Catherine A. Picut and Amera K. Remick
Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALT) 296
Introduction 227 Summary 300
Testes 227 References 300
Epididymis 227
Vas Deferens 228 11. Hematopoietic System
Seminal Vesicles 228
Josely F. Figueiredo, Marc E. Mattix and
Prostate Gland 229
Tracey L. Papenfuss
References 229
Hematopoiesis 349
9. The Endocrine System References 350
Brent E. Walling, Catherine A. Picut and 12. The Eye and Harderian Gland
Amera K. Remick
Brent E. Walling and Gary B. Marit
Introduction 257
Pituitary Gland 257 Introduction 373
Anatomy of Pituitary Gland 257 Embryological Development of the Eye 373
Embryologic Development of Postnatal Development of the Eye 373
Pituitary Gland 258 Cornea 373
Postnatal Development of Pituitary Gland 258 Uvea 374
Pancreatic Endocrine Tissue 258 Lens 374
Anatomy of Pancreatic Islets 258 Retina 375
Embryologic Development of Islets 259 Harderian Gland 376
Postnatal Development of Islets 259 Optic Nerve 377
Thyroid Gland 259 Eyelid 377
Anatomy of Thyroid Gland 259 References 377
Embryological Development of
13. Urinary System
Thyroid Gland 259
Postnatal Development of Thyroid Gland 259
Danielle L. Brown, Brent E. Walling and Marc E. Mattix
Sexual Dimorphism of Thyroid Gland 260
Parathyroid Gland 260 Introduction 395
Anatomy of Parathyroid Gland 260 Kidney 395
Embryological Development of Lower Urinary Tract 397
Parathyroid Gland 260 References 398
Postnatal Development of Parathyroid
Gland 260 14. Cardiovascular System
Sexual Dimorphism of Parathyroid Gland 261
Melanie A. Greeley and Stephanie J. White-Hunt
Adrenal Gland 261
Anatomy of Adrenal Gland 261 Introduction 423
Embryologic Development of Adrenal Transition From Fetal to Postnatal Circulation 423
Gland 261 Heart 423
Postnatal Development of Adrenal Cortex 261 Great Vessels 424
Postnatal Development of Adrenal Medulla 262 References 424
Sexual Dimorphism of Adrenal Cortex 262
References 263 Index 439
List of Contributors
Danielle L. Brown WIL Research, Hillsborough, NC, George A. Parker WIL Research, Hillsborough, NC,
United States United States
Gary D. Coleman WIL Research, Ashland, OH, United Catherine A. Picut WIL Research, Hillsborough, NC,
States United States
Josely F. Figueiredo WIL Research, Ashland, OH, United Jefferson T. Pike WIL Research, Hillsborough, NC, United
States States
Melanie A. Greeley WIL Research, Ashland, OH, United Amera K. Remick WIL Research, Hillsborough, NC,
States United States
Gary B. Marit WIL Research, Ashland, OH, United States Lauren M. Staska WIL Research, Hillsborough, NC,
United States
Marc E. Mattix WIL Research, Ashland, OH, United States
Brent E. Walling WIL Research, Ashland, OH, United States
Jairo S. Nunes WIL Research, Ashland, OH, United States,
currently at Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Col, Stephanie J. White-Hunt WIL Research, Hillsborough,
Cambridge, MA, United States NC, United States
Tracey L. Papenfuss WIL Research, Ashland, OH, United
States
vii
This page intentionally left blank
Abbreviations
ACTH adrenocorticotrophic hormone ILF individual lymphoid follicles
ADH antidiuretic hormone LALT larynx-associated lymphoid tissue
AGM aorta–gonad–mesonephros LH luteinizing hormone
BALT bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue LTi cell lymphoid tissue inducer cell
BBB blood brain barrier MALT mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
BrdU bromodeoxyuridine ME ratio myeloid:erythroid ratio
BTB blood–testis barrier MSH melanocyte stimulating hormone
CP cryptopatches MZ marginal zone
DCT distal convoluted tubules of kidney MZB marginal zone B cells
DCU deep cortical units NALT nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue
DT distal tubules of kidney PALS periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths
EGF epithelial growth hormone PAS periodic acid–Schiff stain
EGL external granule cell layer PCNA proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunohistochemical stain
EMH extramedullary hematopoiesis PCT proximal convoluted tubules
FAE follicle-associated epithelium PND postnatal day
FGF-4 fibroblast growth factor-4 PP Peyer’s patches
FSH follicle stimulating hormone PP cell pancreatic polypeptide-secreting cell
GALT gut-associated lymphoid tissue PTH parathyroid hormone
GC glucocorticoids RER rough endoplasmic reticulum
G-CSF granulocyte-colony stimulating factor RNA ribonucleic acid
GD gestation day RPE retinal pigment epithelium
GI gastrointestinal SGC cell small granule-containing cell
GM-CSF granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor SDF-1 stromal cell-derived factor-1
HCl hydrochloric acid T3 3.5.3′-triiodothyronine
HEV high endothelial venules T4 3.5.3′, 5′- tetra iodothyronine
HPG axis hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis TEB terminal end buds
HPO axis hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis TSH thyroid stimulating hormone
HPT axis hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis ZF zona fasciculata
iBALT induced BALT ZG zona glomerulosa
IEL intraepithelial lymphocytes ZI zona intermedia
IGF-I insulin-like growth factor I ZR zona reticularis
IGF-II insulin-like growth factor II
IHC immunohistochemical staining
ix