Table Of ContentATLAS OF
CELL
ORGANELLES
FLUORESCENCE
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ATLAS OF
CELL
ORGANELLES
FLUORESCENCE
Elli Kohen
René Santus
Joseph G. Hirschberg
Nuri Özkütük
CRC PR ESS
Boca Raton London New York Washington, D.C.
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Preface
The idea of an atlas on (cid:223)uorescence of cell organelles was (cid:222)rst inspired by Professor Feroze
Nevroze Ghadially(cid:146)s Ultrastructural Pathology of Cells and Matrix. This unique book describes
the ultrastructural makeup and alterations of cell organelles in the context of over a thousand
pathological conditions. It became somewhat of a challenge to build on the foundations of images
obtained from dead and (cid:222)xed cells an equivalent body of images obtained from living and func-
tioning cells under various physiopathological conditions and in the context of treatment with
carcinogens, xenobiotics, chemotherapeutic drugs, and photosensitizers.
The idea of pursuing such studies was born out of the perspectives envisioned by another giant
in the (cid:222)eld, Professor Albert Policard, one of the (cid:222)rst proponents of microcompartmentation. The
links of the research expounded in this book are an odyssey of collaborative visits, travels, and
interactions. Historically it passes from the thresholds of the Laboratoire de Pathologie Cellulaire,
Kremlin BicŒntre run by Marcel Bessis to the Laboratoire de Photobiologie, MusØum National
d(cid:146)Histoire Naturelle in Paris, and then (cid:222)nally to the Papanicolaou Cancer Research Institute and
University of Miami.
In the historical context, Professor Bessis and Bo Thorell, my professor at the Karolinska,
Stockholm, were quite good friends from their prime years. Another link in this chain of research
is that Thorell and Britton Chance, my professor in Philadelphia, were lifelong friends. Thorell(cid:146)s
dream was a dynamic pathology of the living cell. Chance(cid:146)s own dream, and the object of my work
in his foundation, was the synthesis of biophysics and cellular pathology. In my sabbatical year I
planned to retrace this parable which justi(cid:222)ably should be called (cid:147)My Scienti(cid:222)c Odyssey from
Philadelphia to Miami through Paris and Stockholm.(cid:148)
The endpoint of the vision projected by Policard leads to the birth of three new disciplines in
cellular biology: microecology, the science of microecosystems; microethology, behavior in micro-
scopic systems; and microrheology, the science of microcurrents or microcirculation in living cells.
All these interactions and visions are not without their symbolism. The chain extends from Policard
to his student Bessis and Bessis(cid:146) students Giuliana Moreno and Christian Salet. I would like
therefore to introduce some memorabilia of my French connection. In his conversations, Bessis
often used to say (cid:147)Mon ma(cid:238)tre Policard avait dit(cid:133)(cid:148) Thus I have found it appropriate to include
here a facsimile of Policard(cid:146)s book cover and his dedication to Moreno (Figure I and Figure II).
In the last year of his life, Bessis attempted the realization of one of Policard(cid:146)s dreams, the founding
of a center for microecological studies, as documented by the letter announcing the news of his
untimely death (Figure V).
At this juncture it seems pertinent to recall a very special tradition in the life of French
academicians: the award of an academic sword to new members of the French Academy of Science
on the occasion of their joining this august assembly. As expressed in the address at the occasion
of this award, the academic sword carries the aura of aristocracy: the aristocracy of talent and spirit.
As the emblem of a certain spirit, the sword expresses ornamental prodigality, beauty of material,
voluptuousness of form, and artistic creativity. Scienti(cid:222)c friends and colleagues of the recipient
from all over the world are asked to contribute components that are then artistically combined in
the design of the sword (Figure III, Figure IV).
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FIGURE I Front cover of Professor Albert Policard’s book.
Policard has been the innovator and the promoter who started this unbroken chain of scienti(cid:222)c
endeavors. The path goes from cellular ultrastructure to cellular pathology, imaging of organelles
in living cells in the dynamic context of physiopathological processes, to the triple disciplines of
microecology(cid:150)microethology(cid:150)microrheology. The current book of (cid:223)uorescent cell organelles is a
precursor that should lead to further questions and works, leading to subsequent books on cellular
pathology and cellular pharmacology.
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FIGURE II Professor Albert Policard’s dedication to second-generation researcher Giuliana Moreno.
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FIGURE III Professor Marcel Bessis(cid:146) academic sword.
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FIGURE IV The book on Professor Marcel Bessis(cid:146) academic sword.
