Table Of ContentARTIFICIAL ORGANS
STRATHCLYDE BIOENGINEERING SEMINARS
ARTIFICIAL
ORGANS
Proceedings of a seminar on the clinical applications of membrane
oxygenators and sorbent-based systems in kidney and liver failure
and drug overdose, held at the University of Strathclyde, Glasgow,
in August, 1976
Edited by
R. M. KENEDI, J. M. COURTNEY, J.D. S. GAYLOR
and T. GILCHRIST
Editorial Associate
SUSAN M. GERARD
Bioengineering Unit
Wolfson Centre
University of Strathclyde
M
©Bioengineering Unit, University of Strathclyde 1977
Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover 1st edition 1977 978-0-333-22313-0
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted,
in any form or by any means, without permission
First published 1977 by
THE MACMILLAN PRESS LTD
London and Basingstoke
Associated companies in New York Dublin
Melbourne Johannesburg and Madras
ISBN 978-1-349-03460-4 ISBN 978-1-349-03458-1 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-03458-1
This book is sold subject to the standard conditions of the Net Book Agreement
PREFACE
The Strathclyde Bioengineering Seminars are held annually and explore in depth a
clinically significant problem area within the research activities of the University
of Strathclyde's Bioengineering Unit.
The series, which is a successor to successful broad-spectrum symposia held in
1964 and 1972, opened in August 1975 with consideration of the biomechanics
of tissue viability and its clinical applications. The proceedings of this first seminar
have been published by The Macmillan Press under the title of Bed Sore
Biomechanics in July, 1976.
This present seminar, the second in the series, was held in August, 1976 and
considered research, development and clinical applications in the areas of membrane
oxygenation and sorbent-based systems. The therapeutic role of the latter was ex
plored in kidney and liver failure and drug overdose. There were two hundred and
forty-nine participants from Belgium, Canada, England, France, W. Germany,
Italy, Israel, the Netherlands, Norway, Scotland, Spain, Sweden and the U.S.A.
The details of the Scientific, Technical and Working Group sessions are given
in the Contents List. There was also an Exhibition of Related Medical Engineering
Equipment in which 20 firms and organisations participated (see page xxiii).
All the papers presented, together with additional contributions and the dis
cussions are printed complete in this volume, grouped in the six sessions shown
in the Contents List.
The organisers acknowledge with gratitude their sense of indebtedness to the
City of Glasgow District Council for the very enjoyable civic reception given by
them for Seminar participants and guests. The first of the newly instituted
Adam Thomson Lectures was delivered at this reception by Professor Robert E.
Sparks of Washington University, St Louis, USA.
In these difficult economic times the continued support of the Seminar pro
gramme by the Greater Glasgow Area Board is particularly appreciated.
Additionally the organisers are very pleased to acknowledge the contributions
of AB Cambro; Becton, Dickinson Ltd.; Extracorporeal; I.C.I.; Norit-Clydesdale
Co. Ltd.; Organon Teknika Ltd.; Sandev Ltd.; Sandoz Products Ltd., Medical
Equipment Division; and Travenol Laboratories Ltd., towards travelling expenses
of invited lecturers.
As in previous symposia, banking and travel-agent facilities were made available
to participants by courtesy of the Bank of Scotland and Nairn Travel Co. Ltd.
and Co.
vi PREFACE
All the work connected with the seminar was carried out by the staff of the
Bioengineering Unit with the unstinted co -operation of the University Adminis
tration. The organisers have pleasure in offering for the second year running, and
if possible with increased warmth, their best thanks to all concerned.
Glasgow, 19 76 R. M. Kenedi
SEMINAR ORGANISING COMMITTEE AND SECRETARIAT
Jane Bowen Thomas Gilchrist
James M. Courtney Robert G. Hood
Rita F. Cuthbert Robert M. Kenedi
Mary Dickinson Flora Kennedy
Ronald Donovan Ann Lawson
lain A. Fairweather Roshan Maini
John D. S. Gaylor Ann McNair
Susan M. Gerard G. Barry Park
lain Gibson Elizabeth M. Smith
Rosemary Wilkinson
SESSION REPORTERS
Hector M. Baillie David McClure
Anne E. Clarke Jean McKinnon
Terence Hanson David F. Radcliffe
Thien V. How Peter J. Sharrock
Wilf B. Townsend
vii
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS AND AUTHOR INDEX
(a: participating author, a*: nonattending author, c: chairman and
chairman-associate)
a (pages 351, ABO UNA, George M., M.D., F .R.C.S., Associate Professor of
363) Surgery, Division of Surgery, Health Science Centre, University of
Calgary, 2920 24th Avenue, N.W. Calgary, Alberta, Canada,
T2NIN4
a* (pages 351, ALEXANDER, F., F.R.C.P.(C.), Division of Surgery, Health
363) Science Centre, University of Calgary, 2920 24th Avenue, N.W.
Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 1N 4
ARUNDEL, Philip A., B.Sc.(Eng.), Ph.D., Biomaterials Group,
ICI Corporate Laboratory, The Heath, Runcorn, Cheshire,
WA7 4QE, UK
a (page 395) BAILLIE, Hector M., B.Sc., University of Strathclyde, Bioengineer
ing Unit, Wolfson Centre, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow, G4 ONW, UK
c (page 37) BAIN, W. H., M.D., F.R.C.S.(Ed.), F.R.C.S.(Glas.), Consultant
Cardiac Surgeon, Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Royal
Infirmary, Castle Street, Glasgow, G4 OSF, UK
BANDEL, Werner, Ph.D., Plant Manager, Enka Glanzstoff AG,
Werk Wuppertal-Barmen, Oder Strasse 28, D-5600 Wuppertal2,
West Germany
a (page 158) BANTJES, Adriaan, D.Sc., Professor and Head, Biomaterials
Technology Section, Department of Chemical Technology,
Twente University of Technology, Enschede, The Netherlands
a* (pages 351, BARABAS, A. Z., Ph.D., Division of Surgery, Health Science
363) Centre, University of Calgary, 2920 24th Avenue, N.W. Calgary,
Alberta, Canada, T2N 1N4
BELLHOUSE, Brian J., M.A., D.Phil., Department of Engineering
Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PJ, UK
a* (page 61) BELLOWS, Randall F., Vice President International, Cobe
Laboratories Inc., 73 Chee Reine Astrid, 1420 Braine-1 Alleud,
Brussels, Belgium
a* (page 413) BEN-ARIE, D., Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion
Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
a* (page 291) BETTER, 0. S., School of Medicine and Department of Chemical
Engineering, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
viii
UST OF PARTICIPANTS AND AUTHOR INDEX ix
BETTLES, Reginald, Manager, Kimal Scientific Products Ltd,
Kimal House, Uxbridge Road, Hillingdon Heath, Middlesex,
UB10 OPW, UK
a* (page 333) BEYER, M. M., Department of Medicine, State University of
New York, Downstate Medical Centre, 450 Clarkson Avenue,
Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
a* (page 311) BIAGINI, M., Clinical Physiology Centre of the National Research
Council (CNR), Ospedali Riuniti di Reggio Calabria, Italy
a* (page 248) BIREK, A., Renal Unit, Victoria Hospital, London, Ontario,
N6A 4G5, Canada
a (page 89) BIRNBAUM, Dietrich, M.D., Surgical Department, Klinikum
Charlottenburg, Freie Universitat Berlin, Spandauer Damm 130,
D-1000 Berlin 19, West Germany
BJQ)RNSON, Jan, M.B. Ch.B., M.R.C.P.(Oslo), Medical Department
VII, Ulleval Hospital, Oslo 1, Norway
BLACK, Jack, M.D., Vice-President, Experimental Therapeutics,
Warner-Lambert Research Institute, 170 Tabor Road, Morris
Plains, New Jersey 07950, USA
a (page 319) BLACK, Martin M., M.Sc., Ph.D., F.Inst.P., C.Eng., M.R.Ae.S.,
Professor and Head of Department of Medical Physics, Academic
Division of Medicine, University of Sheffield, Western Bank,
Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
BODDY, Keith, B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D., D.Sc., F.Inst.P., Head of
Medical Physics and Nuclear Medicine Unit, Scottish Universities
Research and Reactor Centre, East Kilbride, Glasgow, G75 OQU, UK
BOON, John, Sales Representative, Sandoz Products Ltd, Medical
Equipment Division, 42 Somers Road, Rugby, UK
BOWEN, Jane, University of Strathclyde, Bioengineering Unit,
Wolfson Centre, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow, G4 ONW, UK
a* (pages 351, BOYD, N., Ph.D., Division of Surgery, Health Science Centre,
363) University of Calgary, 2920 24th Avenue, N.W. Calgary, Alberta,
Canada, T2N 1N4
a (page 263) BRASH, John L., B.Sc., Ph.D., Associate Professor, Department of
Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario,
Canada, L85 4L7
a* (page 413) BRANDES, J. M., Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion
Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
a (page 388) BRUNNER, Gorig, Priv. Doz. Dr. Med., Medizinische Universitats
klinik, 34 Gottingen, 1 Humboldtallee, West Germany
a* (page 89) BUCHERL, E. S., Surgical Department Klinikum Charlottenburg,
Freie Universitat Berlin, Spandauer Damm 130, D-1 000 Berlin 19,
West Germany
CAPON, Andrew, B.Sc., Ph.D., C.D.E. Porton Down, Nr. Salisbury,
Wiltshire, SP4 OJQ, UK
X LIST OF PARTICIPANTS AND AUTHOR INDEX
a* (pages 372, CASTINO, F., Ph.D., Department of Artificial Organs, Cleveland
378) Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
CHAMULEAU, Robert A. F. M., M.D., Binnengasthuis, University
of Amsterdam, Poliklinick Interne, Grimburgwal10, Amsterdam,
The Netherlands
c, a (pages 121, CHANG, Thomas M.S., M.D., Ph.D., F.R.C.P.(C.), Professor of
164, 233) Medicine and Physiology, Director Artificial Organs Research Unit,
Rm 1004, Artificial Organs Research Unit, Mcintyre Medical
Sciences Building, McGill University, 3655 Drummond Street,
Montreal, PQ, Canada
CHARLESWORTH, Elizabeth A., B.Sc., M.B., B.S., L.R.C.P.,
M.R.C.S., Medical Advisor, Clinical Research Department,
ICI Pharmaceuticals Division, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire,
SK104TG, UK
CLARKE, Anne E., B.Sc., University of Strathclyde, Bioengineering
Unit, Wolfson Centre, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow, G4 ONW, UK
COLLINS, Eric, Sales Manager, AB Gambro, 150A Eltham Hill,
London, SE9 SEA, UK
a* (page 425) COLON, A., M.D., Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics,
Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC 20007, USA
a* (page 248) COOPER, J., Renal Unit, Victoria Hospital, London, Ontario,
N6A 4G5, Canada
a (page 133) COURTNEY, James M., B.Sc., Ph.D., A.R.C.S.T., C.Chem.,
M.R.I.C., A.P.R.I., University of Strathclyde, Bioengineering Unit,
Wolfson Centre, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow, G4 ONW, UK
a* (page 178) CROME, P., M.B., M.R.C.P., D.Obst., R.C.O.G., Registrar, National
Poisons Information Service, New Cross Hospital. Poisons Unit,
Avonley Road, London, SE14 SER, UK
CROSS, D. E., M.Sc., Portex Ltd, Hythe, Kent, CT21 6JL, UK
CUTHBERT, Rita, University of Strathclyde, Bioengineering Unit,
Wolfson Centre, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow, G4 ONW, UK
a* (page 105) DARRAGON, T., Service de Reanimation Medicale, Hopital
Ambroise Pare, Boulogne, France
DAVIES, Edgar J., B.Sc. (Chem.Eng.), Sales Executive, Sutcliffe
Speakman and Co, Guest Street, Leigh, Lancashire, UK
DEBENHAM, Michael, Group Product Manager, Surgikos Division,
Johnson and Johnson, 260 Bath Road, Slough, Berks., SLl 4EA, UK
c, a (pages 121, DENTI, Ennio, Ph.D., Head of Artificial Organs Division,
233, 311) c/o Sorin Biomedica, 13040 Saluggia, Italy
DICKINSON, Mary, University of Strathclyde, Bioengineering
Unit, Wolfson Centre, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow, G4 ONW, UK
VANDER DOES, Leendert, D.Phil., Polymer Division, Department
of Chemical Technology, Twente University of Technology,
Enschede, The Netherlands
