Artificial intelligence in the workplace

104 Pages·2017·9.9 MB·English

How Brexit threatens Northern Ireland
Trump and trade: the danger of the deal
Iraq, on the right track at last
If bees could talk
MARCH31ST–APRIL6TH2018
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Contents TheEconomistMarch31st2018 5
9 Theworldthisweek Asia
37 ChinaandNorthKorea
Conviviality,notclarity
Leaders
13 Workplaceofthefuture 38 Pakistan’sjudiciary
AI-spy Justiceontheloose
14 Nuclearproliferation 40 NepalandIndia
MakingSatangreatagain Apricklypair
14 Americaandworldtrade 40 Tourisminthe
Thedangerofthedeal Philippines
Apalm-fringedcesspool
16 IrelandandBrexit
Identitytheft 42 India’sarmedforces NorthernIrelandTheUnited
Paperelephant Kingdomunderestimatesthe
18 ThestateofIraq damageitisdoingtoitsmost
BetterdaysinBaghdad fragileregion:leader,page16.
Onthecover China Twentyyearsafteralandmark
Asitpushesbeyondthe Letters 43 Pursuingfugitivesabroad peaceagreement,questions
techindustry,artificial Forbiddingkingdom carefullysetasideforfuture
20 OnChina,Colombia,
intelligencecouldmake StephenHawking, 44 RepatriatingUighurs generationshavebeenforced
workplacesfairer—ormore Nowheretohide backontotheagenda,page22
sensiblepeople
oppressive:leader,page13.
46 Banyan
AIhasbigconsequencesfor
XiJinping,Chairmanof
companies,consumersand Briefing
Everything
workers.Seeourspecial
22 NorthernIreland
reportafterpage46 Pastandfuturecollide
Specialreport:
AIinbusiness
TheEconomistonline UnitedStates GrAItexpectations
25 TeamTrump Afterpage46
Dailyanalysisandopinionto
Marchmadness
supplementtheprintedition,plus
audioandvideo,andadailychart 26 Obamacare MiddleEastandAfrica
Economist.com Escaperoutes
47 IraqafterIslamicState
E-mail:newslettersand 27 Electoraldistricts Underconstruction HawkishAmericaAsthe
mobileedition Drawingtheline Irannucleardealheadsforthe
50 Africanmigrants
Economist.com/email 27 Specialelections rocks,thebiggestloserswill
Homewardbound
Printedition:availableonlineby Attemptstoavoidthem beEuropeandAmerica:
50 Illegalcharcoal
7pmLondontimeeachThursday 30 Suicide leader,page14.Howthe
Averyblackmarket
Economist.com/printedition Self-destructing agreementthatcurtailsIran’s
Audioedition:availableonline 31 SpanishinAmerica 52 ComicbooksinAfrica nuclearambitionslooks
todownloadeachFriday Thelongadiós Sub-Saharansuperheroes doomed,page61
Economist.com/audioedition
32 Lexington
Thewarriorlook Europe
53 The“identitarian”right
White,rightandpretentious
TheAmericas
54 Russiandiplomats
34 Mexico
Thedefiantpariah
Volume426Number9085 Anayaunderfire
55 Italy’spopulists
35 Bello
PublishedsinceSeptember1843 Birdsofafeather
totakepartin"aseverecontestbetween Peru’spresident
intelligence,whichpressesforward,and 55 MediainTurkey
anunworthy,timidignoranceobstructing 36 Uruguay’seconomy It’sanErdogan-
ourprogress." ThemagicofMontevideo
eat-Doganworld
EditorialofficesinLondonandalso:
Beijing,Berlin,Brussels,Cairo,Chicago,Madrid, 56 Moldova Good news from IraqFifteen
MexicoCity,Moscow,Mumbai,Nairobi,NewDelhi, CheersforMoldovanwine
NewYork,Paris,SanFrancisco,SãoPaulo,Seoul, years after America led the
Shanghai,Singapore,Tokyo,WashingtonDC 56 Spainandseparatism invasion of Iraq, the benighted
ExtraditingPuigdemont country is at last finding a new
57 Charlemagne sense of unity: leader, page 18.
GoingDutch Will the new spirit hold? Page 47
1Contents continues overleaf
6 Contents The EconomistMarch31st2018
75 Americanincomes
Britain
Homeimprovement
58 Evidenceinschools
76 Funeralfinance
Theeducationexperiment
Deathandthesalesmen
59 RelitigatingBrexit
77 Freeexchange
DidLeavecheat?
Wakandanomics
59 Cartographicalcontroversy
Boxedin
Scienceandtechnology
60 Bagehot
Labour’santi-Semitism 78 Beekeeping
What’sthebuzz?
ChineseabroadThelong 79 Educationpolicy Martin Luther KingHe was
International
armofChineselaw- Selectiveevidence assassinated half a century
enforcementhaswaysof 61 TheIrannucleardeal ago. His remarkable speeches
80 Cardiology
repatriatingsuspected Akettleofhawks Patchingbrokenhearts combined folk religion,
criminals,page43.The theology and the hard-earned
80 Datamarkets
governmentistryingto Business Exchangevalue wisdom of his campaigns,
preventavocalUighur page 81
63 Advertisingagencies
diasporaforming,page44
Madmenadrift
Booksandarts
64 Ride-hailingin Subscription service
81 MLK’sspeeches,
South-EastAsia For our latest subscription offers, visit
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indicators
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concessions,America’spolicy 71 US-Chinatrade Latin America US $289 (plus tax)
iseconomicallymuddledand Tumblingdown Obituary
politicallytoxic:leader,page14 72 China’ssupplychains
90 José Abreu Principal commercial offices:
Collateraldamage
Music as salvation The Adelphi Building, 1-11John Adam Street,
73 Buttonwood London WC2N 6HT
Tel: [phone]
Volatilemarkets
Rue de l’Athénée 32
74 India’s economy
1206 Geneva, Switzerland
Chugging along Tel: [phone]
75 Oil futures 750 3rd Avenue, 5th Floor, New York, NY 10017
China’s crude gambit Tel: [phone]
1301Cityplaza Four,
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BeesWhatever are they
complainingabout? A new
app listens in, page 78
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The world this week The EconomistMarch31st2018 9
Politics nerveagent.Morethan25 in$4bn-worth ofpublic-works
othercountriesand NATO contracts, which also involved
have supported the move the Brazilian Development
againstRussia byannouncing Bank. In return, Odebrecht
theirown expulsions. pledged $35m in donationsto
MrMaduro’spresidential
Afire in a shoppingcomplex in campaign. Mostofthe pro-
the SiberiancityofKemerovo jects, includinga metro line,
killed atleast64 people, more were neverfinished.
than 40 ofthem children. The
government’sslowresponse Brazil’spresident, Michel
triggered huge demonstra- Temersaid thathe plansto run
tions; some called forPresident forre-election in October, Egyptiansvoted in a presi-
VladimirPutin to resign. despite popularityratingsin dential election, which Abdel-
the single digits. He later an- Fattah al-Sisi, the incumbent, is
John Boltonsaid he favoured Italy’sparliamentarianselect- nounced thatHenrique Mei- sure to win. The authorities
keepingup the pressure on ed newspeakersforthe Senate relles, the finance secretary, prevented anyseriouschal-
North Korea in the run-up to and the ChamberofDeputies. will resign in orderto launch a lengersfrom running.
proposed talkson itsnuclear Some sawthe choicesasa sign campaign ofhisown.
programme. MrBolton was thata coalition government Kim-Xi talks on nuclear pickle
speakingthree daysafter involvingthe two bigpopulist The proxy war Kim JongUn, North Korea’s
PresidentDonald Trump ap- parties, the Northern League The Houthi rebel group in dictator, visited China in what
pointed him ashisnational and the Five StarMovement, is Yemenfired a barrage ofmis- washisfirsttrip abroad since
securityadviser, replacing H.R. in the offing. silesatSaudi Arabia, which is takingpowerin 2011. He reiter-
McMaster. MrBolton hasin bombingthe Iranian-backed ated to Xi Jinping, China’s
the pastadvocated pre-emp- fightersin a bloodycampaign. president, hisofferto give up
tive militarystrikesto prevent The Saudisclaim to have shot nuclearweaponsin exchange
the rogue regime in Pyongyang down several missiles, but forsecurityguarantees. He is
from acquiringthe abilityto hit debrisfell on a home in supposed to meetSouth
America with nuclearmissiles. Riyadh, killingone person. Korea’spresidentin April and
He hasalso suggested bomb- Donald Trump in May.
ingIran’snuclearreactors. In a deal arranged byRussia,
some 7,000 people were al- Lee Myung-bak, a former
MrTrump signed a $1.3trn lowed to leave Eastern Ghouta, South Koreanpresident, was
spending billpassed byCon- asSyrian rebelssurrendered charged with corruption in
gressthatavoidsa government one oftheirlaststrongholds to relation to bribeshe allegedly
shutdown and fundspublic the governmentaftera bom- tookfrom companies, which
servicesuntil October. The Violentprotestserupted in bardmentlastingmonths. he denies. MrLee’ssuccessor,
presidenthad threatened to Catalonia followingthe arrest ParkGeun-hye, isin jail await-
veto the bill because, among ofthe Spanishregion’sleader Jacob Zuma, the scandal- ingthe verdictin hertrial on
otherthings, itdid notresolve in Germany. CarlesPuigde- plagued formerpresidentof chargesofbribery.
the legal statusofthe Dream- montiswanted in Spain on South Africa, wassummoned
ers(immigrantsbroughtto chargesofsedition fordeclar- to appearin courton April 6th Malaysia’sgovernment
America illegallyaschildren), ingCatalan independence to face corruption charges introduced a bill in parliament
orprovide the full $25bn to afteran illegal referendum. related to an old armsdeal. to outlawfake news, with
build hisborderwall. German police tookhim into offendersfacingpossible
custodyashe tried to return to The rulingcoalition in prison sentencesofup to ten
Tensofthousandsofpeople, Belgium, where he hasbeen Ethiopianamed AbiyAhmed years. Adeputyministersaid
manyofthem high-school livingin exile since October. asitsnewchairman, signalling thatanynewsnotverified by
students, rallied in Washing- thathe will replace Hailema- the governmentabouta huge
ton, DC, in favourofgun con- Anew broom riam Desalegn asprime corruption scandal involving
trol. The March forourLives Martín Vizcarra wassworn in minister. Abiyisthe chairman the governmentwould be
wasled bysurvivorsofthe asPeru’spresident, following ofthe Oromo People’s deemed “fake”. The opposition
massshootingin Februaryat a the resignation ofPedro Pablo DemocraticOrganisation, said thiswasa blatantattempt
school in Parkland, Florida. Kuczynski. MrKuczynski was which ispartofthe ruling to silence criticism ahead of an
The measuresthatthe demon- facingimpeachment, after coalition buthasbeen sympa- election thisyear.
stratorscalled for, such as evidence emerged linkinghim theticto protestsagainstthe
banningsemi-automatic to Odebrecht, a Brazilian con- government. Aprominentpolitician was
weapons, are unlikelyto be struction companyinvolved in sentenced to 14 yearsin prison
passed byCongress. corruption acrossLatin Ameri- José Filomeno dosSantos, the in Indiaforrunninga “fodder
ca. “We’ve had enough,” said son ofAngola’s former scam”. LaluPrasad Yadav, a
We all stand together MrVizcarra in hisinaugural president, wasaccused of formerchiefministerofthe
America decided to expel 60 speech. fraud and embezzlement. Mr impoverished state ofBihar,
Russiandiplomatsin protest dosSantoshad been chairman wasconvicted ofinventing
atthe attempted murderon Courtdocumentsemerged ofAngola’ssovereign-wealth imaginaryherdsofcowsand
British soil ofa formerspy, showingthatNicolásMaduro, fund until João Lourenço, the goatsin orderto obtain public
Sergei Skripal, and hisdaugh- Venezuela’ssocialistpresi- currentpresident, removed moneyforfood and medicines
ter. Theywere attacked with a dent, gave Odebrechtpriority him in January. forthem. 1
10 Theworldthisweek TheEconomistMarch31st2018
Business TeslaMotors’shareprice Germanbank’sinvestorsare growthinrenewables,the
tankedby8%.Moody’sdown- unhappyaboutitsrunof shareoffossilfuelsinthe
gradedthecompany’scredit annuallossesandanaemic world’senergymixremainsat
AmericaandChinamade ratingbecauseofthe“signif- shareprice. 81%,thesamelevelithasbeen
effortstostepbackfroma icantshortfall”inproduction forthreedecades.
damagingtradewar.Officials ofitsnewModel3electriccar. Getyourcoat
frombothcountriesheldtalks OneofitsModelXcarsalso Underpressurefrominvestors SoftBank’stechnologyfund
afterPresidentDonaldTrump crashed,killingthedriverand toincreaseshareholdervalue signedamemorandumof
announcedplanstoimpose raisingfreshconcernsabout afterabruisingbattlelastyear understandingwithSaudi
levieson$60bn-worthof self-drivingtechnologies tofendoffatakeoverbid, Arabiatoexpandsolarpower
Chineseimportsforalleged followingthefirstfatalacci- AkzoNobelstruckadealto inthekingdom.Ifcompleted,
unfairtradepractices.Chinais dentinvolvingapedestrian sellitsspecialty-chemicals the$200bnprojectwouldadd
saidtohaveofferedtobuy andanUbercar. divisiontoaconsortiumledby 200gigawattsofsolarcapaci-
moreAmericansemiconduc- Carlyle,aprivate-equityfirm. ty;theworldcurrentlyhas
torstohelpreduceitstrade Ubersolditsbusinessin TheDutchpaint-and-coatings around400GWofcapacity.
surpluswiththeUnitedStates; South-EastAsiatoGrab,arival groupvaluedtheacquisitionat
itmayalsohastenameasureto basedinSingaporewithoper- €10.1bn($12.6bn). Remingtonfiledforbankrupt-
allowforeigncompaniesto ationsinalmost200cities cyprotection.Thegunmaker,
takemajoritystakesinChinese throughouttheregion.Itisthe foundedin1816,piledondebt
securitiesfirms.ButChina latestinstanceofUberexitinga CO2emissions wheninvestorspulledout
announcedproposedtariffson marketinwhichitisnotthe Global,energy-related,gigatonnes followingtheSandyHook
128Americanproducts, biggestride-hailingfirm,hav- 40 schoolmassacrein2012,in
includingfruit,porkandwine, ingreachedsimilaragree- whichthegunmanuseda
30
inresponsetoearlierlevieson mentsinChinaandRussia. Bushmasterrifle,abrand
steelandaluminium. 20 ownedbyRemington.
Afederalappealscourtfound
10
TheEU,Argentina,Australia, thatGoogle’suseofOracle’s It’sasmall(er)world
BrazilandSouthKoreajoined JavatechnologyinitsAndroid 0 Qantasbeganoperatingthe
2000 05 10 1517
CanadaandMexicoingaining operatingsystemdidnot firstdirectflightsfromAustra-
exemptionsfromAmerica’s constitute“fairuse”under Source:InternationalEnergyAgency liatoBritain.TheAustralian
punitivetariffsonsteeland copyrightlaw,overturninga Globalenergy-relatedcarbon- airlinenowfliespassengers
aluminiumimports.South jury’sdecisionthathadfa- dioxideemissionsgrewby 14,498kmnon-stopfromPerth
Koreawonapermanent vouredGoogle.Thecourt 1.4%lastyear,accordingtothe toLondoninBoeingDreamlin-
exemptionbyagreeingto orderedthatthecasebere- InternationalEnergyAgency, erplanes.The28,996kmround
reviseitsfree-tradepactwith heardtosettledamages. toarecord32.5gigatonnes. tripcanbecompletedinjust
America.Thenewdealim- Somebigeconomies,suchas over40hours,includinga
posesquotasonSouthKorea’s TheboardofDeutscheBank AmericaandJapan,sawtheir generousfewhoursin
steelexportsandextends wasreportedtobeseekinga emissionsdecrease;Britain’s betweenforsightseeing.
tariffsforitstruckmakers. replacementforJohnCryanas fellby3.8%.Asiancountries
chiefexecutive,twoyears accountedfortwo-thirdsofthe For other economic data and
Atradeoff beforehiscontractends.The globalincrease.Despitethe news see Indicators section
Marketssee-sawed.Stock-
marketsplungedwhenAmer-
ica proposed tariffson China,
causingone measure ofmarket
volatility, the VIX, to soarby
30%. Theybounced backon
hopesofa negotiated out-
come. The DowJonesIndustri-
al Average jumped 669 points
in a day, the third-largest in-
crease to date bythatmeasure.
Facebook’sshare price took
anotherhammering, after
America’sFederal Trade Com-
mission opened an investiga-
tion into itsprivacypractices
followingthe scandal in which
data on 50m userswere ob-
tained bya political-analytics
firm. MarkZuckerberghas
been asked to attend hearings
in Congress, where he hasfew
friends. Fearsofregulation
caused an indexoften Ameri-
can tech firms, theFANG+, to
sufferitsbiggestone-dayloss.