Arrival City: How the Largest Migration in History Is Reshaping Our World

319 Pages·2011·1.72 MB·English

by  Doug Saunders

Copyright © 2010 by Doug Saunders All rights reserved. Published in the United States by
Pantheon Books, a division of Random House, Inc. Originally published in Great Britain by
William Heinemann, the Random House Group Ltd., London, in 2010.
Pantheon Books and colophon are registered trademarks of Random House, Inc.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Saunders, Doug.
Arrival city : how the largest migration in history is reshaping our world / [Doug Saunders].
p. cm.
eISBN: 978-0-30737965-8
1. Rural-urban migration. 2. Cities and towns—Growth.
3. Immigrants—Social conditions. 4. Urbanization. I. Title.
HB1955.S38 2010 307.2′4—dc22 2010029651
www.pantheonbooks.com
Jacket design by Joe Montgomery
v3.1
CONTENTS
Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Dedication
MAP: ARRIVAL CITIES AND THEIR VILLAGES
PREFACE: THE PLACE WHERE EVERYTHING CHANGES
1. ON THE EDGE OF THE CITY
Liu Gong Li, China
Tower Hamlets, London, U.K.
2. OUTSIDE IN: THE LIVES OF THE NEW CITY
Kolhewadi, Ratnagiri, India
Kamrangirchar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Shenzhen, China
Kibera, Nairobi, Kenya
Santa Marta, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
3. ARRIVING AT THE TOP OF THE PYRAMID
Los Angeles, California
Herndon, Virginia, and Wheaton, Maryland
4. THE URBANIZATION OF THE VILLAGE
Tatary, Poland
Shuilin, Sichuan, China
Dorli, Maharashtra, India
Biswanath, Sylhet, Bangladesh
5. THE FIRST GREAT MIGRATION: HOW THE
WEST ARRIVED
Paris
London
Toronto and Chicago
6. THE DEATH AND LIFE OF A GREAT ARRIVAL CITY
Istanbul
7. WHEN THE MARGINS EXPLODE
Emamzadeh ‘Isa, Tehran
Petare, Caracas
Mulund, Mumbai
8. THE NEW CITY CONFRONTS THE OLD WORLD
Les Pyramides, Evry, France
Kreuzberg, Berlin
Parla, Spain
9. ARRIVAL’S END: MUD FLOOR TO MIDDLE CLASS
Jardim Angela, São Paulo, Brazil
Mumbai
10. ARRIVING IN STYLE
Slotervaart, Amsterdam
Karail, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Thorncliffe Park, Toronto
NOTES
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
For Elizabeth Renzetti

PREFACE
THE PLACE WHERE EVERYTHING CHANGES
What will be remembered about the twenty-first century, more than
anything else except perhaps the effects of a changing climate, is
the great, and final, shift of human populations out of rural, agricultural
life and into cities. We will end this century as a wholly urban species.
This movement engages an unprecedented number of people—two or
three billion humans, perhaps a third of the world’s population—and
will affect almost everyone in tangible ways. It will be the last human
movement of this size and scope; in fact, the changes it makes to family
life, from large agrarian families to small urban ones, will put an end to
the major theme of human history, continuous population growth.
The last time humans made such a dramatic migration, in Europe and
the New World between the late eighteenth and the early twentieth
centuries, the direct effect was a complete reinvention of human
thought, governance, technology, and welfare. Mass urbanization
produced the French Revolution, the Industrial Revolution and, with
them, the enormous social and political changes of the previous two
centuries. Yet this narrative of human change was not to be found in the
newspapers of the 1840s or the parliamentary debates of the early
twentieth century; the city-bound migration and the rise of new,
transitional urban enclaves was a story largely unknown to the people
directly affected by it. And the catastrophes of mismanaged urbanization
—the human miseries and revolutionary uprisings and wars—were often
a direct result of this blindness: We failed to account for this influx of
people, and in the process created urban communities of recent arrivals
who became trapped, excluded, resentful. Much of the history of this age
was the history of deracinated people, deprived of franchise, making
urgent and sometimes violent attempts to gain a standing in the urban