ARPA-E MONITOR Program

38 Pages·2016·3.14 MB·English

ARPA-E’s MONITOR Program
Technology to Quantify
Methane Emissions
Dr. Bryan Willson
ARPA-E / Colorado State University
March 30, 2016
2
3
The ARPA-E Mission
Catalyze and support
the development of
transformational, high- Reduce
Imports
impact energy
technologies
Ensure America’s
Improve Reduce
‣
Economic Security
Efficiency Emissions
‣
Energy Security
‣
Technological Lead
4
Creating New Learning Curves
5
What Makes an ARPA-E Project?
IMPACT
‣
High impact on ARPA-E mission areas
‣
Credible path to market
‣
Large commercial application
TRANSFORM
‣
Challenges what is possible
‣
Disrupts existing learning curves
‣
Leaps beyond today’s technologies
BRIDGE
‣
Translates science into breakthrough technology
‣
Not researched or funded elsewhere
‣
Catalyzes new interest and investment
TEAM
‣
Comprised of best-in-class people
‣
Cross-disciplinary skill sets
‣
Translation oriented
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Technology Acceleration Model
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Responding to the Natural Gas Boom
Rapid growth in domestic oil and gas production has been driven by advances in horizontal drilling and
hydraulic fracturing, allowing the U.S. to tap vast unconventional gas reserves; by 2035, natural gas is
expected to surpass coal as the largest fuel burned to generate electricity
U.S. Dry Natural Gas Production, 1990-2040 Electricity Generation by Fuel, 1990-2040
40.00 6.00
Projected Projected
35.00
5.00
s
30.00 a
G
Natural Gas
Shale Gas lan 4.00 35%
25.00 o
it
n
e
v
20.00 n 3.00 Renewables
o
c 16%
n s
15.00 U ru Nuclear
t
ee Tight Gas oh 2.00 16%
f cib 10.00 ttaw
u o
c no 5.00 Conventional nlik 1.00 C3o2%al
illirT 0.00 Sources oillirT 0.00
Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration Annual Energy Outlook 8
The Environmental Case for Natural Gas
On a lifecycle basis, natural gas emits nearly half the level of greenhouse gases as coal when burned; the
challenge is ensuring that environmental risks throughout the supply chain are effectively mitigated
Median lifecycle GHG emissions from fossil-based electricity generation
1200
~1,000
1000
h ~840
W
k 800

r
e
p

q
e 600
2
O
~470
C

s
m
400
a
r
G
200
0
Coal Oil Natural Gas
Source: IPCC AR4 Annex II (2007) 9
The Importance of Focusing on Methane
Methane – the main component of natural gas – However, over a 20-year period, one gram of
accounts for about one-tenth of U.S. greenhouse methane has 84 times the global warming
gas emissions potential as the same amount of carbon dioxide
U.S GHG Carbon Dioxide
Emissions
(2013)
Carbon Dioxide
82%
Methane Methane
10%
=
Fluorinated Gases
5%
Nitrous Oxide
3%
Source: EPA Greenhouse Gas Inventory, IPCC AR5 (2013) 10