Armed Conflicts in South Asia 2013 Transitions

265 Pages·2014·1.807 MB·English

by  D. Suba Chandran, P. R. Chari

Armed Conflicts in
South Asia 2013
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Armed Conflicts in
South Asia 2013
Transitions
Editors
D. Suba Chandran
P. R. Chari
LONDON NEW YORK NEW DELHI
First published 2014 in India
by Routledge
912 Tolstoy House, 15–17 Tolstoy Marg, Connaught Place, New Delhi 110 001
Simultaneously published in the UK
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2014 Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies
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All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any
form or by any electronic, mechanical or other means, now known or hereafter
invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage
and retrieval system without permission in writing from the publishers.
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record of this book is available from the British Library
ISBN 978-1-138-79606-5
Contents
Tables and Figures vii
Abbreviations viii
Preface xiii
Part I
1. Introduction: Review of Armed Conflicts in South Asia
in 2012 3
P. R. Chari
2. Afghanistan in Transition: Security and Political
Developments in 2012 21
Mariam Safi
3. Northeast India: Politics of Conflict, Ethnic
Contestations and Peace Processes 48
Mirza Zulfiqur Rahman
4. Myanmar 2012: The Bad Old Still Looms
Over the New? 69
Bibhu Prasad Routray
5. Naxal Conflict 2012: Naxal Violence in Hibernation 99
Deepak Kumar Nayak
Part II: Peace audIt
6. Peace Audit of Nepal: 2012 125
Nishchal N. Pandey
7. Sri Lanka: Negative Peace Exists, at least 139
N. Manoharan
8. Jammu and Kashmir Peace Audit 2012: A Need to
Focus on the Internal Dimension 159
Ashok Bhan
vi N Contents
9. Northeast India: A Peace Audit 190
Wasbir Hussain
10. The Naga Peace Process: An Audit 212
Madhumita Das
About the Editors 235
Notes on Contributors 237
Index 241
Tables and Figures
Tables
4.1 Ceasefire Agreements between the Government
and the Ethnic Insurgencies 90
5.1 State-wise Left Wing Extremist Violence 102
5.2 State-wise Statistics of Naxal Violence of various Indices 103
5.3 Incidents of Economic Targets by LWE all over
the country 104
8.1 Some Indices of Reduction in Terrorist Violence
in Jammu and Kashmir 161
8.2 Hartal Calls by Separatists, Border Firing Incidents
by Pakistan, Infiltration into Jammu and Kashmir
and Terrorists killed 163
Figures
2.1 Annual Report of Civilians in Armed Conflict
in Afghanistan 26
9.1 Number of Fatalities in Insurgency-related Violence
in Northeast India, 1992–2012 201
Abbreviations
AANLA All Adivasi National Liberation Army
AASU All Assam Students Union
ABSU All Bodo Students Union
ACMF Adivasi Cobra Militant Force
AFSPA Armed Forces Special Powers Act
AGP Asom Gana Parishad
AJYCP Asom Jatiyatabadi Yuva Chatra Parishad
ALA Arakan Liberation Army
ALP Arakan Liberation Party
AMLA Achik Matgrik Liberation Army
ANA Afghan National Army
ANP Afghan National Police
ANP Awami National Party
ANSF Afghan National Security Forces
ANVC Achik National Volunteer Council
APA Adivasi People’s Army
APRC All Party Representative Committee
APRP Afghanistan Peace and Reintegration Programme
ASDC Autonomous State Demand Council
ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations
ASS Asom Sahitya Sabha
ATTF All Tripura Tiger Force
BAC Bodoland Autonomous Council
BCP Burmese Communist Party
BGF Border Guard Force
BJP Bharatiya Janata Party
BLT Bodo Liberation Tigers
BNLF Bru National Liberation Front
BNP Bangladesh National Party
BPF Bodoland People’s Front
BSF Border Security Force
BSS Bodo Sahitya Sabha
BTC Bodoland Territorial Council
CBMs Confidence building measures
CFA Ceasefire Agreement
Abbreviations N ix
CFMG Ceasefire Monitoring Group
CIA Central Intelligence Agency
CNA Chin National Army
CNF Chin National Front
CPA Comprehensive Peace Agreement
CPB Communist Party of Burma
CPI-M Communist Party of India-Marxist
CPN (UML) Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-
Leninist)
CSAS Centre for South Asian Studies
DHD Dima Halam Daogah
DHD-J Dima Halam Daogah-Jewel
DHD-N Dima Halam Daogah-Nunisa
DMO Directorate of Military Operations
DKBA Democratic Karen Buddhist Army
DAN Democratic Alliance of Nagaland
DPC Difa-e-Pakistan Council
EU European Union
FATA Federally Administered Tribal Areas
FCR Frontier Crimes Regulation
FNR Forum for Naga Reconciliation
FTA Free Trade Area
GIRoA Government of the Islamic Republic of
Afghanistan
GSU Garo Students Union
HALC Hynniewtrep Achik Liberation Council
HIG Hezb-e-Islami Gulbuddin
HNLC Hynniewtrep National Liberation Council
HPC Hmar Peoples Convention
HPC-D Hmar Peoples Convention-Democracy
HTF Hill Tiger’s Force
ICRC International Committee of the Red Cross
IDP Internally Displaced Person
IMK Ittehad-e-Mujahedeen-e-Khurasan
INC Indian National Congress
IRIIS Institute for Research on India and International
Studies
ISAF International Security Assistance Force
ISI Inter Services Intelligence
ISPR Inter Services Public Relations