Arm buys Apical to attack connected vehicle market

17 Pages·2016·10.51 MB·English

NEWS
Harman and Panasonic hold lead but
Apple and Google increase influence
Harman and Panasonic market moving towards as the key factor driving “Iforecastshipmentsof
led the automotive enter- systems that are effec- changeinthismarketand lightvehicleswithsmart-
tainment systems vendor tively portals that in- it is forecast to steer de- phone integration to rise
share ranking in 2015, creasetheaccessibilityof mandrapidlyinfavourof from around one million
The monthly magazine for automotive electronics engineers
ahead of Alpine, Bosch, apps, features and func- front seat infotainment in 2015 to more than 85
Clarion and Continental, tions of smartphones and systems, with shipments million in 2022,” said
Arm buys Apical to attack Issue 30
according to Semicast tablets. of conventional audio- Colin Barnden, principal
June 2016 Research. Collectively The adoption of smart- onlysystemssetforrapid analyst at Semicast Re-
connected vehicle market
IN THIS thesesixsuppliersarees- phone integration is seen decline. search.
timatedtohaveaccounted
A to Here for London roads
ISSUE
for two-thirds of ship-
Arm has acquired the en- ments to this market last
tire share capital of com- year.Thereis,however,a
Page 3: Aston
puter vision company growing influence of
Martin and Spirent
Apicalaspartofitsmove Apple and Google in the
GPS partnership
intomarketssuchascon- automotivemarket.
nected vehicles, robotics, The major changes to
Page 5: Ford invests
smart cities, security sys- the forecasts this year re-
in Pivotal
tems,industrialandretail late to smartphone inte-
applications, and IoT de- gration, such as Apple
Page 9: NXP
vices. Carplay and Google An-
Bluebox demo
The Cambridge-based droidAuto.
IP firm paid $350m for Carplay and Android
Page 11: IDTechEx
Arm’s Cambridge headquarters
Apical, one of the UK’s Autorequirenotechnical
Electric Vehicle
fastest-growing technol- setup in the vehicle and
conference report
ogy companies. Its imag- devices powered by this the creation of dedicated are more or less plug and
ing products are used in exciting technology can image computing and play; the driver connects
Page 17: Device
more than 1.5 billion only grow from here,” Apical’stechnologieswill asmartphonetothevehi-
Developers’
smartphones and approx- said Simon Segars, CEO playacrucialroleintheir cle’sinfotainmentornav-
Conference report
imately300millionother of Arm. “Apical is at the delivery.” igation system, typically
consumer and industrial forefront of embedded Apical’s IP business using Bluetooth, USB or
Page 19: Dev-ops
devices. computer vision technol- was founded in 2002 and Wifi,andthefamiliarapp
effect on testing
Arm plans to use the ogy, building on its lead- employsaround100peo- icons for phone, music,
imagingproductsfornext ership in imaging ple, mainly at a research maps, messages, internet Location cloud company Here has mapped London in preparation for
Page 23: Balancing
generationvehicleswhere products that already en- and development centre radio and so on are dis- autonomous cars, as manufacturers plan to start trialling driverless
lead-acid batteries
intelligentimageprocess- ableintelligentdevicesto inLoughborough,UK. played on the centre vehicles on public roads as early as 2017.
ing is needed. Apical’s deliveramazingnewuser “Apical has led the screen. The phone apps The mapping specialist has used lidar technology to provide data that
Page 27: Driver
technology will comple- experiences. The Arm way with new imaging are controlled from the can be used by driverless cars to understand the world around them. It
assistance from cars
ment the Arm Mali partnership is solving the technologiesbasedonex- entertainment system has also created a range of 3D image models of the UK capital to show
to trams
graphics, display and technical challenges of tensive research into using the touchscreen, the level of detail that vehicles will have at their disposal.
videoprocessorroadmap. next generation products human vision and visual voice recognition and the Using its fleet of collection vehicles, the company can record 700,000
Page 29: Product
“Computer vision is in such as driverless cars processing,”saidMichael buttons and dials in the 3D data sections per second, allowing it to pinpoint curbs, trees and road
news
the early stages of devel- andsophisticatedsecurity Tusch, CEO and founder vehicle. furniture to a 10cm accuracy. These data are then transposed onto a
opment and the world of systems. These rely on ofApical. Semicast sees the auto- detailed, dynamic representation of the road.
Page 34: Contact
motive entertainment
details
vehicle-electronics.biz
Vehicle Electronics June 2016, Page 2
NEWS NEWS
Aston Martin and Spirent Autotalks helps Savari
ground and is a perfect
with V2X for smart cities complement to Savari’s
extend GPS partnership
V2X software. We look
forward to working
closely with Autotalks to
Autotalks is helping collaborating to deliver communications tech- deliver these reliable, se-
After a year of getting to arrivingatraceevents. SavariprovideV2Xcom- secure V2X that is ready nologies that enable con- curesolutionstothecities
know each other, Spirent Inthevehicle,thereisa municationsforUSsmart for smartcityuse. nectedvehiclestointeract and state DoTs in the US
Communications and GPS module that is mon- cities such as New York The joint systems, withothervehicles,road- DoTCVpilots.”
Aston Martin Racing itored by the FIA, and and Tampa, Florida, and which use an integrated sideinfrastructure,smart- Autotalks provides
have cemented a techni- that provides the govern- othersmarttransportation software stack and appli- phones andpedestrians. OEMs, tier-one and tier-
cal partnership to evalu- ing body with positional projects including the cations from Savari and “As the move to fully two customers with V2X
ate technologies on the and speed information as movement of freight VLSI systems from Au- connected vehicles and chipsetsthatdeliversecu-
V8 Vantage GTE race well as well as data for throughtheI-80east-west totalks, will let the three intelligentcityinfrastruc- rity features, ensuring re-
cars with the aim of im- thepitcrew. corridorinWyoming. Wave One participant ture becomes a reality, liable communications
proving the accuracy and “We are working with All three pilot sites are cities in the CVPilot De- thereisarisingneedfora between vehicles and
performance of GPS re- them to minimise the participating in the Con- ployment programme ac- secure, reliable V2X roadsideinfrastructure.
ceivers and interference error, because in racing nectedVehicle(CV)Pilot cess proven, field-tested communications that can • Autotalks has licensed
monitoring. milliseconds count,” said Deployment initiatives V2X communications scale,”saidRaviPuvvala, and deployed the Ceva-
“A few years ago, we Douglas. “We also moni- sponsored by the US De- technologies. CEO of Savari. “Au- XCcommunicationsDSP
started to do more on au- tor the spectrum to see partment of Transporta- Savari delivers a com- totalks is known for its in its upcoming second-
tomotive with GPS and what interference could tion. The companies are plete suite of V2X safety strong security back- generationV2X chipset.
navigation,”saidStephen come up. We started the
Douglas, technical strat- partnership last year. The Stephen Douglas: “We realised there were a lot
egy lead at Spirent Com- first year was a get to of synergies.”
munications. “That has knoweachotherrelation-
now become a larger part ship. We realised there during testing means we the season,” said Paul
of our business.” werealotofsynergies,so cancapturedataandsim- Howarth, team principal
The ability to capture we haveextendedit.” ulate many on-track sce- asAstonMartinRacing.
real world GPS receiver As an official partner, nariosinacontrolledand • Renault has selected
signalsduringtestingand Spirent branding will ap- repeatable environment Spirent’s Automotive
replay the data in simu- pear on theAston Martin back at base, which is a Ethernet Broad R-Reach
lated track scenarios cars for the 2016 World process that is invaluable conformance and per-
givesAstonMartinaper- Endurance Champi- when benchmarking our formance test system to
spectiveontheirGPSsig- onship. GPS receiver accuracy help develop in-vehicle
nal performance before “Using Spirent tools and performance through networks.
Magna acquires Telemotive
lenges, but also those of
the car of the future in-
cluding the increased in-
Magna has signed an Once complete, Tele- Steyr. The addition ex- tegration of electronic
agreement to acquire motive, with its five Ger- pandsSteyr’sengineering vehicle systems,” said
Telemotive, an engineer- man facilities and service portfolio in vehi- Karl-Friedrich Stracke,
ingserviceproviderinthe approximately 550 em- cleconnectivity,HMIand presidentofMagnaSteyr.
field of automotive elec- ployees, will be inte- infotainment. “We are excited to com-
tronics.Subjecttoregula- grated into Magna’s “This acquisition bine our holistic vehicle
tory approval, the vehicle engineering and strengthens our position engineering knowledge
transaction is expected to contract manufacturing to not only help cus- with Telemotive’s elec-
closethisquarter. operating unit, Magna tomersmeettoday’schal- tronics know-how.”
Page 3, June 2016 Vehicle Electronics Vehicle Electronics June 2016, Page 4
NEWS NEWS
Ford invests in software company Ittia and Green Hills platform
deal to tackle data sharing
Ford has invested software development
US$282.2m in Pivotal, a methodologies and tech-
cloud-based software nology across the IT, Crank Software, Green ded user interface allows ence to drivers and serv- queries must be executed
platform company head- productdevelopment,and Hills Software, Integrity the development, manu- ice technicians. This in- to determine the severity
quartered in San Fran- research and advanced Security Services and facture, monitoring and cludes the UI framework of the issue and investi-
cisco, to enhance its engineering teams. Ford Ittia have teamed up to maintenance of complex from Crank enabling au- gate a workaround. The
softwaredevelopmentca- will put Pivotal’s next- create a joint platform to in-vehiclesystems. tomotive designers and on-board software is re-
pabilities and deliver in- generationcloudplatform let car makers capture, Driverless vehicleswill embedded engineers to sponsible for correlating
novations to customers and analytics capabilities query and share data se- need to capture, manage work inparallel. datacollectedfrommany
morequickly. to use on the company’s curely and efficiently in and share a large volume Toleveragenewenergy different sensors, which
The investment aims to new mobilityprojects. autonomous and solar of logging and opera- technologies, such as hy- canbeaccessedlocallyor
help drive Ford’s transi- “We are at a major in- poweredvehicles. tional data. This joint ap- brid engines and solar remotely.
tion to a a mobility com- Pivotal and Ford are working to create flection point in global The combination of the proach aims to let car power charging, vehicles Data are secured at rest
pany,whilecontinuingto consumer experiences for FordPass members business,andPivotalisat ISO 26262-certified In- manufacturesrealisetheir must capture and inte- and over the air by In-
focus on and invest in its the fulcrum of that tegrityrtos,IttiaDBSQL potential in reducing the grate information from tegrity and ISS crypto-
core vehicle business. At change,” said Rob Mee, database,embeddedcryp- risk of software failure, many sensors. For exam- graphic toolkits during
the same time, the com- perience platform that quickly, Pivotal and Ford Pivotal CEO. “We are tographic toolkits, and preventing malicious ple, when a sensor moni- manufacturing with keys
pany is pursuing emerg- launched last month. engineers are working collaborating with iconic device lifecycle manage- software attacks, and de- toring the battery by the device lifecycle
ingopportunitiesthrough FordPass will offer cus- side-by-sidetocreatenew companies like Ford to ment system and embed- livering the best experi- generates a warning, managementsystem.
FordSmartMobility–its tomer services, such as consumerexperiencesfor helptransformtheirbusi-
plantobealeaderincon- remote access to vehicles FordPass members. nesses with our unique
nectivity, mobility, au- through a smartphone Building on this exist- software development
tonomous vehicles, the app,andmobility,suchas ing relationship, Ford methodologyandmodern
customerexperience,and parking and car sharing. planstoacceleratethein- cloud platform and ana-
dataandanalytics. Innovating and iterating corporation of Pivotal’s lytics tools.”
“Expanding our busi-
Ricoh partners I4drive on displays
ness to be both an auto
andmobilitycompanyre-
quires leading-edge soft-
ware expertise to deliver Japaneseelectronicsman- TechnologyDevelopment market vehicles. In addi-
outstanding customer ex- ufacturer Ricoh is part- Organisation in Japan) tion to driver safety, it
periences,” said Mark nering adas company and OCS (Office of the will offer capabilities
Fields, Ford president. I4drivetodevelopdisplay ChiefScientistof Israel). such as in-vehicle info-
“Our investment in Piv- equipmentforautomotive “Weareverypleasedto tainment, assistance and
otal will help strengthen use. I4drive technology partner with I4drive,” connectivity. The market
ourabilitytodeliverthese will be integrated into saidTeruakiMitsuya,ex- for adas has grown in re-
customer experiences at Ricoh’s high-level optics ecutive general manager centyearsandisexpected
the speed of Silicon Val- display to increase driver at Ricoh. “With their to reach US$60bn by
ley,includingcontinually safety and enhance the technology we can de- 2020.
expandingFordPass–our drivingexperience. liverpowerfulproductsto “Thecollaborationwith
digital, physical and per- This collaboration will theautomotiveindustry.I Ricoh is another impor-
sonalmobilityexperience be carried out as part of amconfidentthiscooper- tantstepforI4driveinex-
platform.” the Japan-Israel coopera- ationwillbear fruits.” panding its product
Ford recently teamed tionprogramme,whichis The display equipment offering to new markets
upwithPivotaltodeliver supported by Nedo (New will be available for car and industries,“ said Adi
FordPass,aconsumerex- Energy & Industrial manufacturers and after- Goren, CEO of I4drive.
Page 5, June 2016 Vehicle Electronics Vehicle Electronics June 2016, Page 6
NEWS NEWS
CPT, Ricardo, Provector and Tier ones suffer as OEMs deal direct with vendors
Tata partner on rear driveline
Tier-onesuppliersarelos- vendors, and becoming GM’s purchase of Cruise vehicle via the infotain-
ing their roles as system more aligned with prod- Automation,showingthat ment system, before
innovators and develop- uct roadmaps across the OEMsarewillingtoown building the competency
Controlled Power Tech- high voltage plug-in hy- suchaslowspeedelectric Consortium.Ricardo’sre- ersintheautonomousve- valuechain.” parts of the adas value forsafety-criticalapplica-
nologies, a developer of bridorpureelectricvehi- drivingore-creep,aswell sponsibilities within the hicle market, according But he said tier ones chain to enable au- tions.However,thisisnot
vehicledrivelineelectrifi- cles. The electrified rear aselectricallyassistedall- project will be the design to ABI Research. This is would not disappear and tonomousdriving. unique to new comers, as
cationbasedonswitched- axle technology could be wheel drive, which will and analysis of the inte- occurring as more OEMs still held an important The adas ecosystem Hodgson explained.
reluctance machines an important step in en- deliveradditionalsignifi- grated 48V rear axle engagedirectlywithsoft- role in functional safety, will be further disrupted “There is a growing
(SRMs), has partnered abling OEMs to improve cant savings over a typi- module, development of ware developers and one that required a more by new comers to auto- trend in which incum-
with Ricardo, Tata Mo- both regulated and real cal representative city the supervisory vehicle hardware and semicon- overarching and holistic motive, as the increasing bents reposition or widen
tors and Provector to world fuel economy in drivecycle. control system, sub-sys- ductorvendors. viewthananycomponent sophisticationofadasne- their automotive portfo-
apply its low voltage modernurbancitydriving The technology could tem testing and project “It is becoming evident vendorcouldhold. cessitatesgreaterprocess- lios to extend beyond in-
electricmotortechnology conditions. allow a car maker to re- management support, that no single tier-one EvidenceofOEMcom- ing power, attracting fotainment,”hesaid.“For
to the rear driveline of a The objective of the duce the in-use carbon building on its previous supplier can deliver a mitment to autonomous vendors such as Nvidia, example, recent launches
B-segmentcitycar. Fever (Forty-Eight Volt dioxideemissionsofsuch work on the Adept and complete autonomous driving is apparent from Qualcomm and Intel to by Visteon and Harman,
The consortium has se- Electrified Rear-axle) vehicles by approxi- Ultran projects. Tata will drivingsystem,”saidABI recent merger and acqui- join an adas semiconduc- traditionally known for
cured a funding award two-year project is to mately25g/km. supply the base vehicles, analyst James Hodgson. sition activity. This in- tor market dominated by their infotainment offer-
fromInnovateUK,which achieve a CO2 reduction “This programme will develop the suspension, “As a result, OEMs are cludes the purchase of NXPandRenesas. ings, signal an attempt to
will be contributing of up to 15 per cent over require a high level of and provide support for increasinglyengagingdi- Here maps by Audi, Such vendors have a improve growth through
£1.8m of the £3.4m in- the regulatory cycle project management and the application of the rectly with component BMW and Daimler and strategy of entering the entryintoadas.”
vestment. through the development engineeringcooperation,” technology and overall
The investment will of two through-the-road saidprojectdirectorPeter vehicle integration and
help introduce advanced hybriddemonstratorvehi- Scanes, “not least in the testing.
mild hybrid functionality cles. Integrating the elec- unique application of a “The mass roll-out of
tomainstreamvehiclesat tric motor within the rear low-voltagehightemper- electrification within the
reduced cost to that of axle will enable features ature tolerant SRM, urban transportation fleet
which has to be oil- will require new and in-
Mediatek-Navinfo joint venture
cooled and packaged as novative power architec-
efficiently as possible tures that provide a
Mediatek is selling its and, along with Navinfo, into a rear axle and sus- performance, value and
China-based Autochips to jointly develop and pensionmodulecomplete emissions trade-off that
subsidiary to Navinfo as cultivate the automotive with advanced lead- will be attractive to po-
part of a deal for the two IC and autonomous car carbonbattery.” tential customers,” said
companies to attack markets, with an eye for CPT will lead the proj- Stephen Doyle, Ricardo
jointly the automotive IC opportunities in adas and ect and will be responsi- hybridandelectronicsys-
market. telematics,"saidaMedia- ble for developing the temsproductgrouphead.
The Taiwan-based IC tekstatement. electricmotorandcontrol “Ricardo believes a 48V
design house sold the Mediatek holds an 82.9 system, and will support electrifiedrearaxleoffer-
subsidiary for US$600m. per cent stake in Auto- their integration into the ing through-the-road hy-
Mediatek plans to invest chips and, when the sale rearaxlemodule.Provec- brid performance –
up to $100m in Navinfo, is closed following regu- tor has experience in the including significant en-
forming a strategic part- latory approvals, it ex- control and management gine-off operation – will
nership. pects to receive $497m of lead-carbon battery be highly attractive for
"Mediatekwillcontinue from the Chinese soft- chemistry through proj- many market segments
toleverageitsexpertisein waresupplier. ectssuchasAdeptandits but particularly for those
wireless communications Autochips supplies in- involvementwiththeAd- thatpredominateinurban
and image processing fotainmentSoCs. vancedLeadAcidBattery transportation.”
Page 7, June 2016 Vehicle Electronics Vehicle Electronics June 2016, Page 8
NEWS NEWS
NXP Bluebox demo for autonomous vehicles Airbag sensor distinguishes
between child and groceries
Atlastmonth’sFTFtech- The Bluebox engine ers, general manager of ability of the self-driving
nology forum in Texas, works in NXP’s au- NXP’s automotive busi- cars of tomorrow.”
NXP Semiconductors tonomous vehicles plat- ness. “Our systems-level In autonomous vehi-
demonstrated a manufac- form to provide OEMs expertise, deep under- cles, multiple streams of BebopSensorshasdevel- ployment,resultinginnu-
turableautonomousvehi- and suppliers with tech- standingofcomplexadas sensor data are routed to oped a way to let airbags merousmalfunctions.
cles platform using its nology to meet safety, engineering, and broad the Bluebox engine, deploy more safely by “Anyone trying to de-
Bluebox engine, and de- power and processing re- portfolio of NXP prod- where they are fused to providing intelligence termine a person’s posi-
ploying silicon and soft- quirements. uctsmeetingautomotive- createa360˚worldmodel aboutthecaroccupant. tion, size and seating
wareateachadasnode. “Withthisindustry-first grade, ISO 26262-level around the vehicle. This Using smart fabric sen- attitudeusingonlyweight
The demo incorporated platform,NXPisleverag- functional safety require- improves car safety by sor technology, the OCS ismakingafasterhorse,”
the Bluebox central com- ing its worldwide auto- ments, all position NXP managingandpreventing occupant classification said Keith McMillen,
putingengine,withradar, motive silicon leadership as the definitive silicon emergency situations. system uses embedded BebopfounderandCEO.
lidar and vision sensing, to dramatically advance provider capable of sin- Bluebox and its con- car seat sensors that con- “That technology is now
aswellasanon-boardse- the state of autonomous gle-handedly speeding nectedsecuresmartprod- tinuously take full seat obsolete. You can tell
cureV2X system. vehicles,”saidKurtSiev- the readiness and avail- ucts also incorporate pressure images in real more about a person
Bebop airbag deployment sensor system
embedded intelligence time. They detect pres- through a picture than a
Keeping control with hands on wheel
and machine learning for sure information and scale.”
situational assessments, movementfromtheentire Bebop’ssensingsystem placed under the seat mentalspecificationsand
supporting classification seat for all aspects of provides more granular cover. The fabric-based durabilityandcanbecus-
tasks,objectdetection,lo- physical contact between detail to distinguish sub- sensors are lighter than tomdesignedforanyseat
calisation, mapping and theoccupantandtheseat, tle details and changes to other liquid-based op- inthefrontor backrow.
vehicledrivingdecisions. includingleaningforward an occupant’s position tions. There are also no The California com-
Unlike closed systems or back, left or right, and movements in real moving parts, increasing panyisnowworkingwith
focusedonlyonvisionor crossing legs, detecting time.Theflexible,water- reliability. OEMstodevelopandde-
other single-sensor data the rigid bottom of a proof sensor system, at The sensors are auto- ploy custom fabric sen-
streams, the engine is an child’s booster seat, the 1mm,isthinenoughtobe motivegradeforenviron- sors.
open-platform, Linux- occupant’s size and
Mobileye and STM co-develop autonomous SoC
based system program- weight,andmore.
mable in linear C Most current systems
language that automotive only estimate the weight Mobileye and ST Micro- sumption and perform- “EyeQ5 is designed to
manufacturers can cus- of a passenger to deploy electronics are co-devel- ance targets, the EyeQ5 serve as the central
tomisetotheirneeds. or disable airbags when opingthenextgeneration will be designed in 10nm processorforfuturefully-
Theengineincorporates determining if a child or of Mobileye’s EyeQ5 or below Finfet technol- autonomous driving for
NXP’s S32V automotive infant car seat is placed SoC, to act as the central ogynodeandwillinclude both the sheer computing
vision processor, as well on the front passenger computer performing eight multithreaded CPU density,whichcanhandle
as the LS2088A embed- seat. In these, a bag of sensorfusionforfullyau- cores coupled with 18 around20high-resolution
A quick swipe with the thumb, a light wave with the hand, and the
ded compute processor groceries and a small tonomous driving vehi- cores of Mobileye’s vi- sensors,andforincreased
driver can accept an incoming call, activate the required driving mode
thatintegrateseight64bit childlookthesame,since clesstartingin2020. sionprocessors.Takento- functional safety,” said
or start their favourite song – gesture-based control is already known
Arm Cortex-A72 cores they rely on a combina- Engineeringsamples of gether,thesewillincrease Amnon Shashua, CTO of
from the world of entertainment electronics and has been making
running at 2GHz, along tion of bladders, hoses EyeQ5areexpectedtobe performance eight times Mobileye.
inroads into vehicles for some time.
with accelerators, com- and pressure sensors to available by first half of overtheEyeQ4. STMwillsupportphys-
Now, Continental has unveiled a project that focuses the detection
munications interfaces estimatetheweightonthe 2018. First development The EyeQ5 will pro- ical implementation,
zone of gestures on the steering wheel. This is possible due to a time-
and DDR4 memory con- seat. hardware with the full duce more than 12 tera memory and high-speed
of-flight sensor integrated into the instrument cluster. Using this
trollersfor lowlatency. Armed with only suite of applications and operations per second, interfaces,andsystem-in-
approach is said to reduce driver distraction and enhances the
The result is weight information, very SDK are expected by the whilekeepingpowercon- package design to ensure
development of the holistic human-machine interface.
90,000DMipsofperform- little intelligence is used secondhalfof 2018. sumption below 5W to the device meets qualifi-
anceatunder 40W. to determine airbag de- To meet power con- maintainpassivecooling. cationprocesses.
Page 9, June 2016 Vehicle Electronics Vehicle Electronics June 2016, Page 10
ELECTRIFYING
Steve Rogerson reports from the Electric
Vehicles conference, part of last month’s
IDTechEx Show in Berlin
hilethereislittledoubt
thatwe areontheroad
W
tothedominanceof
electricvehicles,themoveisnot
happeningquicklyenoughtomeet
short-termemissiongoals.Thus
thestopgapmayhavetobe
pluggedbyso-called48Vmild
hybrids.
SobelievesPeterHarrop, chair-
manof IDTechEx,who pointed
outthatanalystsandmanufactur-
ers werepredictingthatlessthan
halfthevehicleswouldbepure
hybridsor electricvehiclesby Peter Harrop: “Existing
2026. powertrains have run out of
“Buttheemissionlaws mean development potential.”
therewillstillbealotof illegal
vehicles,”hetoldtheconference.
Hedescribedthework being ingtheway withthis,mostmajor
doneoverthepasttwoyearson carmakerswereworking onit.
48Vmildhybridsas a“rescue Thoughtheydon’t existyet,he
mission”as itletthedesignof saidnextyeartheywouldbein
existingvehiclesbemodified productionfromthelikesofAudi
witha48VbatteryandaDC-DC andMitsubishi.
convertertomeetpollution And hequotedfiguresfrom
requirements. Valeothatsaidsuch vehicles
“Thesearenotelectricvehicles wouldbe50to75percent
yetbuttheyareaway of makinga cheaperthanthosewithafull
hybridvehiclethatdoesn’t plugin hybridpowertrain.Thecost
andcanbedonewithonlyaslight thoughisinextraweight,with
The event was held at the Estrel modificationof theproduction Hyundaisayingtheextrasadded
conference centre in Berlin line,”hesaid.“Itistheleastcost, upto48kg.
easiestway tomeettheregula- “Existingpowertrainshaverun
tions.” outof developmentpotential,”he
EventhoughEuropewas lead- said.“Theendgameispureelec-
Page 11, June 2016 Vehicle Electronics Vehicle Electronics June 2016, Page 12
Enjoying the sun
The Nuon Solar Team from
the Netherlands was on hand
to explain how they had won
seven of nine solar challenges
in Australia and what was the
motivation for these Dutch
students.
“We are students who set
aside our studies for one and
Ralph Stömmer: “Introducing a half years to build a solar
48V is a way to make power car,” said public rela-
Michael Harenbrock: “Fuel Andy Fuchs: “Renewables are combustion engines survive for tions manager Winnifred
cells have reached a maturity.” the way forward.” at least the next ten years.” Noorlander (below). “We
want to see everyone driving
electric vehicles and we want
tricbutthisispartof theroute. RalphStömmer, business devel- said.“AverageCO reductionfor
2
to show everyone what is pos-
Youcankeeptheexisting12V opmentmanageratAB mildhybridsis17percent,but
sible with renewable energy.”
batteryandadda48Vbattery.” Mikroelektronik,asubsidiary of thereis awidespreadaroundthat.
She the key was their focus
Thenew battery willprobably TTElectronics,also sees 48Vas Itispossibletoboostthistoover
on eight factors. First is team-
beaLi-ionunit,thoughhewarned thewayforward. 20per centwithactiveengine-off
work.
therecouldbeashortageof such “Introducing48Vis away to coasting.”
“If you don’t have a good team, then the end product will have less quality,” she said. “The
batteries ifdemandincreased as makecombustionengines survive As tothe12Vlead-acidbatter-
second factor is partners. This gives us more knowledge than just the team members. Plus you
predicted. for atleastthenexttenyears,” he ies,Harrop saidtherewas alotof
get lots of components, which means you can spend more money on research and development.”
speculationas tohow longthey
The third factor was the solar array and the electronics that go with it. The array is limited in
wouldcontinuebeingputintove-
size so the trick was to make it more efficient.
hicles. Hesaideventhoughsome
Aerodynamics is the fourth factor. “Wind resistance accounts for two-thirds of the energy we
werepredictingas longas 15
lose,” she said. “The whole car now has the same wind resistance as a normal side mirror on a
years,hesaiditwouldbemore
car.”
liketenyears.
Next comes rolling resistance. The team made a
Generally, hesaidpureelectric
carbon-fibre body with a few aluminium parts, and
vehicles weregoingupinvoltage
even the small amount of aluminium will be cut
“veryfast”.Despitetherenewed
back in the next couple of years.
interestof 48V, someEVs were
Handling is another factor. “We have to make
headingfor 800V.
sure everyone can handle it without breaking it,”
Andy Fuchs fromToyotaMotor
she said.
saidrenewableenergy was the
Quality and reliability form factor seven and
wayforward for EVs andthathy-
when it comes to the race the eighth factor of
drogenwas theidealelement.
strategy comes into play.
“Thebeautyof hydrogenisit
“We have two people in a car behind tracking
canbeobtainedfromseveralpri-
the weather and looking at how much energy we
mary sources,”hesaid.“Itcan
can get,” she said. “We want to use our energy as
comefromsewagesludge,for ex-
efficiently as possible. We analyse the data of the
ample.”
last race and then look at how we can make it
He saideventhoughtheinfra-
more efficient.”
structurewas notinplacefor refu-
The car is called Nuna and the team is now on
ellingsuchvehicles,themovehad
Nuna 8. Nuna 7 was on display at the exhibition.
tostartsomewhere.
Ervin Tal-Gutelmacher: “We use an alkaline membrane.”
“Renewables aretheway for-
Page 13, June 2016 Vehicle Electronics Vehicle Electronics June 2016, Page 14
GaN laughs at Jedec ward,”hesaid,“andhydrogencan
dothejob.”
He saidtohelpboostthemar-
ket,Toyotawas sharingfor free
allitspatentsonhydrogenfuel
cellvehicles.
Cost
Thehighestbarrier tomostfuel
celltechnologyiscost,saidJörg
Wind, who isinchargeof strate-
gicenergy products atDaimler.
“Weneedtobringthecostdown
withtechnologydevelopment,”he
said.“Butwealsoneedtoestab-
lishacompetitivesupplierindus-
try thatcansupplylow-cost
components.And we needthe
scalingeffects of mass produc-
tion.”
He saidamajorproblemwas
therewas noconsumermarketfor
fuelcells as therewas for Li-ion
batteries.
Transphorm’s director of sales Luc Van de Perre (above) is a fan
MichaelHarenbrock,business
of gallium nitride (GaN), especially compared with silicon.
developmentmanageratMann +
“GaN has advantages over silicon in terms of higher power
Hummel,also saidfuelcellswere
density,” he told delegates. “This lets you use smaller compo-
tooexpensive.
nents. You can switch faster with silicon but the power losses go
“Fuelcellshavereachedamatu-
up. That is why you can go to a higher power density with
rityinthattheywork,” hesaid, she said.“Platinumcanaccount lackof ahydrogeninfrastructure gas companiesas wellas public
GaN.” He said the higher switching frequencies also led to
“buttheyaretooexpensive.” for fortypercentof thecost.Our was aproblem. funds.”
higher efficiencies. He was also critical of Jedec tests when it
He alsosaidtherewereother membranehas greatpotentialbe- “We willbuild2400hydrogen Fuelcellswillbeimportantfor
came to GaN.
marketsfor fuelcellssuch as causeof thecost.” fuelstationsby2023,”hesaid. citiestohitemissionstargetswith
“The Jedec tests for silicon are easy for GaN,” he said. “GaN
combinedheatandpower (CHP) Wind agreedwithFuchs thatthe “Thesewillbefundedbyoiland publictransport,saidManfred
laughs at Jedec. That is why we test above and beyond Jedec.”
schemes,notablyinJapan. Schmidt,aseniordirectorat
His company is targeting electric vehicles and their charging
“CHPinstallations aretheearly Siemens.Thiswas becausewhile
stations with the technology.
marketfor fuelcellsbeforethe metrosandtramswerebecoming
“In automotive, there are areas where 660V GaN devices are
vehiclemarketrampsup,”hesaid. morepopular, theylackedthe
needed,” he said. “These include single and three-phase AC
“Thesametechnologycanbe flexibilityof buses when itcame
charging, DC charging and inductive wireless charging. Also,
usedinvehicles.Youneedstan- toadaptingas citieschanged.
DC-DC step down from high voltage to 12 and 48V systems,
dardisedandscalableproductsto “Manycitieswillneedtosettar-
the inverter for the AC motor and the AC outlet in the car.”
achievecostreductions.” getstohavetheirbus trafficemis-
He described GaN as the “ideal choice” for automotive power
Tacklingthecostissueinadif- sionfree,”hesaid.“Thereare
applications in electric vehicles and pure hybrids.
ferentwayis ElbitSystems. variousstrategiessuch as battery
He admitted though that the GaN sweet spot was 650V and
Senior scientistErvinTal- swapping andon-roadcharging.
that for some higher voltages silicon carbide (SiC) was better.
Gutelmacher saidthecompany Thereisnorightway. Butthe
“SiC will do well when you need high power and high temper-
was workingonaplatinum-free onlyway ifyoureallywantzero
ature,” he said. “SiC can handle higher temperatures better.” Jörg Wind: “We need to bring Manfred Schmidt: “Buses bring
membranefuelcell. emissionsisabatterywithasmall
the cost down.” flexibility.”
“Weuseanalkalinemembrane,” fuelcellas anextender.”
Page 15, June 2016 Vehicle Electronics Vehicle Electronics June 2016, Page 16
LLeeaarrnniinngg eexxppeerriieennccee producedanA4 pageof notesex- tualimplementationisthencar- standardsthentheyareessential.
plainingthewhys andwhere- riedoutusingAgiletechniques
Frightened by ISO 26262
fores.” (or, as we calleditinthe1960s, it-
Baileynow has aFitbit. erativedevelopment). In apresentationontestingcom-
Morris saidthatwhilehiscom- plexsafety-relatedsystems,Mike
Securing the gateway
panyhadfound quitelargeproj- BartleyofTVS talkedaboutsoft-
For theinternetof things,the ectswherethedevelopmenthad warepeopleadoptingtheverifica-
gatewayisgoingtobethekeyto beencarriedoutfirstandthenthe tiontechniqueshardware
overallsecurity,accordingto requirementsspecifiedlater, engineers,particularlythose
Mark Pitchfordof Lynx Software somethinghedescribedas un- working onsystemsonchip,had
Technologies.Thegatewaypro- usual,hepreferredthemoretradi- developed.He saidconstrained
videsthelinkbetweenthethings tionalapproachof working to randomtesting,assertions,func-
–theedgedevicesthatcontain pre-definedrequirements.He also tionalcoverageandautomated
sensors or internettoastersandso pointedoutthattheAgilemani- checkingcouldplayavaluable
on–andthebigdataservers of festo,inpart,says:“Wehave roleinbuildingsystemstomeet
thecloudthroughtheinternet. cometovalue:individualsandin- standardssuch as ISO 26262.
Sincemanyof theedgedevices teractionsoverprocesses and One throwawaylinewas thathe
werenotcreatedwithsecurityin tools;andworking softwareover hadcomeacross companiesthat
mind,itisthegatewaythathas to comprehensivedocumentation.” saw theexplosioninelectronicsin
Dick Selwood reports from
providethis. Butitdoes notsay youdonot vehiclesas apotentiallylucrative
ItisPitchford’s argumentthat needprocesses andtools,nor market,onlytopullbackwhen
last month’s Device Developers’
thisisbestachievedthroughusing comprehensivedocumentation, theybegantounderstandthe
Conference in Cambridge ahypervisorthatallowsthegate- andthesearestillimportant:if organisationalimplicationsof
way tocreatemultipledomains youarebuildingtomeetsafety implementingISO 26262.
usingamils(multipleindepend-
heDeviceDevelopers’ pliance:2016–Achievingcom- rules toimprovethesecurityrole. entlayersof security)architec-
Conference(DDC)has be- pliancewithMisracodingguide- Also,therewas anindicationof ture.
T
comeanannualhighlight lines”,itisnow clearer whatis futuredevelopments.Misra201x Eachdomainwillhaveitsown
for theUK embeddedengineering neededintermsof documentsand willnotbeacompletere-thinkbut operatingsystemmatchedtoits
communityandthisyearitsim- evidence. willpullintoonedocumentMisra levelof criticality.In automotive
portancewas recognisedbyMisra ThemajorissuewithMisra C:2012,thecompliancedocu- terms,thedifferentdomainscould
as itchosetheeventtolaunch complianceis thatitis possibleto ment,thesecurityamendments bethoseof therelativelyuncriti-
clarifications toits codingstan- deviate–thatismakeacase for andadocumentstilltobepub- calinfotainmentsystemsandthe
dards. notusingsomeof therules and lished,MisraC:2012Technical extremelysafety-criticalareasof
As reportedlastmonth(Vehicle stillbeincompliance.Butthese Clarification,whichwillbebuilt brakingandsteering.
Electronics,May 2016), thenew deviations needtobedocumented onuserfeedback.
Agile can work
Misradocuments coversafetyand andMisraCompliance:2016pro-
Coding challenge
securityanddeviations.As partof vides thestructurefor this, while Agileisadevelopmentprocess
this,ChrisTappofLDRAandthe anothernew document–“Misra Phaedrus Systems,onceagain,ran thatcanproduceverystrongreac-
This year’s Device Developers’ Conference in Cambridge was a
chairoftheMisraC++committee C:2004Permits –Deviationper- acodingchallengeatDDC. En- tions,bothpositiveandnegative.
break from the pattern of previous years. A two-day event at
lookedatthethornyquestionof mitsforMisra compliance”–pro- trantshadtofindtheerrors ina TheproposalthatAgilehas a
one venue replaced the four-centre tour. And it was co-located
compliance.Eventhoughthe vides examples andarationalefor pageof code,competingagainst placeinprojectsmeetingsafety
with the Hardware Expo, giving two exhibition areas, and par-
Misraguidelinesareexpliciton manyoftheprobabledeviations. eachotherandagainstPRQA‘s standardsandwithlargedevelop-
allel sessions of presentations and workshops. The organisers
whatis neededtoclaimthatsoft- Otherpapers intheworkshop QA·C analysistool.Thewinner mentteamswas putforward by
report there were 22 companies exhibiting, including distribu-
wareisMisracompliant,alltoo lookedattheissuesofsecurity. was DanielBailey,aresearchin- DavidMorris of Polarian,recently
tors who represented many more, and 150 visitors. Since some
oftensuppliersmakeageneral Misrahas analysedMisra C:2012 ternatArm. boughtbySiemens.
visitors came to both days, each day there were nearly 100 pres-
claimandexpectittobetakenon againsttheISO’s CSecureCod- “NotonlydidDanielfindtheer- In hisapproach,requirements
ent. The event will be repeated on 26 and 27 April next year.
trust. ingCoverageandasaresultpro- rors,”saidChrisHillsof Phae- arestillspecifiedupfrontalong
Withthereleaseof“MisraCom- ducedanamendmentwith14new drus,“heannotatedthecodeand withtheverificationcriteria.Ac-
Page 17, June 2016 Vehicle Electronics Vehicle Electronics June 2016, Page 18
SOFTWARE TOOLS SOFTWARE TOOLS
Right direction
In the final article in his series, Niroshan
Rajadurai discusses future implications
of software testing with the introduction
of dev-ops and continuous delivery
software production methods
ev-ops andcontinuous tochangingneedsandrequire-
deliveryarethecurrent mentsof theircustomers.
D
buzzwords surrounding So whathas changedfor our
applicationdevelopmentmethods. generation,how havethingsbe-
Whiledistinctlyseparate,the comeso complicated?Putsimply,
methodologieshavesimilaraims anincreaseinvolume,consumer
toalignmorecloselythecommu- expectationanddemand,andthe
nitiesandprocesses involvedin sheeradvanceintechnologicalca-
softwaredevelopmentanddeploy- pability–we wantitallandfast.
ment. Henry Ford’s wisdomandin-
Theseaimshelpreducethecost, sightmeanthefocussed ontwo
timeandriskof delivering mainingredientshethoughtnec-
changes,andultimatelyincrease essary for success –theabilityto
valuetocustomersbycombining repeatprocesses andstandardise
resourcestoallowmoreincre- inputsandoutputs.Thesetwokey
mentalchangestoapplicationsin practiceshelpedreducecostsand
production.Whiletheterminology increasequality,andtheseareex-
dev-ops andcontinuousdelivery actlythesamegoalswe strivefor
mightbenew, theprinciplesthey today.Understandably,themarket
upholdarenot. has changeddramaticallyinscale
Rewindtotheearly1900s; andcomplexitysinceFord’s time
Henry Ford was pioneeringhis butstandardisationandrepeatable
own versionof dev-ops. Earlyau- processes areattheheartof suc-
tomotiveproductionteamswere cessfuldev-ops andcontinuous
highlyskilled,cross-functional delivery.
teamswho manufactured,assem- For softwareengineersinthe
bledandtestedeachvehicleto 21stcentury,standardisationof
producetheoptimumqualityout- inputsenablestherepetitionof
put.Ford’s goalswereincommon processes thatleadstosystem
withours today–toincreasetime automationandtheabilitytoman-
tomarketandqualitytogaina ufactureavehiclethatsatisfiesnot
competitiveedge.Eveninthis onlyconsumerdemandbutindus-
age,teamswereworking withan tryregulations.Theviewof adev-
Agileapproach,adaptingquickly ops approachispositiveoverall.
Page 19, June 2016 Vehicle Electronics Vehicle Electronics June 2016, Page 20