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J
ARCTIC
/
SEARCHING EXPEl
JOURNAL OF A BOAT-VOYAGE
THROUGH RUPERT'S LAND AND THE ARCTIC SEA, )^
IN SKAKCH OF
THE DISCOVKRY SHIPS UNDER COMMAND OF
SIR JOHN FRANKLIN.
WITH AN APPENDIX ON THE PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY
OF NORTH AMERICA.
,
BY SIR JOHN RICHARDSON, C.B., F.R.S.
INSPECTOR OF NAVAL HOSPITALS AND FLEETS,
KTC. ETC. ETC.
IN TWO VOLUMES.
VOL. L
PUBLISHED BY AVTHOBITT.
LONDON:
LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, AND LONGMANS.
185L
I i
c
V. i
'i 1
NOTICE.
In the Indian nameswhich occur in the following narrative, u is to be
sounded like oo, in "moon;" y« as "yule," or like "you ;" and » as in
"ravine."
'/l
,
I -!
London
:
Spottibwoodes and Shaw,
New-Street-Square.
u
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER
I.
Page
Route assigned to the Expedition undei- command of Sir
John Franklin. Names of the Officers. Erebus and
Terror. Date of its sailing. Last Letters. Sir John
Franklin's last Official Letter. Last Sightofthe Expe-
dition. Sir John Ross proposes a Search. Discussion
ofVarious Opinions offered respecting the Fate of the
Expedition. Flans of Search adopted. Main Objects
of the Overland Searching Expedition. Instructions
from the Admiralty - • - - - 1
CHAP. IL ^
Overland Searching Expedition. Routes through the In-
terior. Hudson's Bay Ships. Pemican. Boats. Boat
Party leaves England. Arrives at Winter Quarters.
Volunteers. Mr.John Rae appointed to theExpedition.
The Author and Mr. Rae sail from England. Land at
New York. ProceedtoMontrealandLaChine. Canoe-
men. Saut Ste. Marie. Voyage to the North. Reach
Cumberland House - - - - - 32
CHAP. in.
Pine Island Lake. Silurian Strata. Sturgeon River.
Progress of Spring. Beaver Lake. Isle a la Crosse
Brigade. Ridge River. Native Schoolmaster and his
Family. Two Kinds of Sturgeon. Native Medicines.
Bald Eagles. Pelicans. Black-Bellied and Cayenne
Terns. Cranes. Frog Portage. Missinipi orChurch-
IV CONTENTS.
( ! Page
HI ill River. Its Lake-like Character. Poisonous Plants
and Native Medicines. Athabasca Brigade. Sand-fly
Lake. The Country changes its Aspect. Bull-dog
Fly. Isle ^ la Crosse Lake. Its Altitude above the
Sea. Length of the Missinipi, Isle h la Crosse Fort.
Roman Catholic Mission. Deep River. Canada Lynx.
BuffaloLake. MethyRiverandLake. Murrain among
the Horses. Burbot or La Loche. A Mink. Methy
Portage. Join Mr. Bell and his Party 75
CHAP. IV.
Clear-Water River. Valley of the Washakummow.
Portages. Limestone Cliffs. Shale. Elk or Atha-
basca River. Wapiti. Devonian Strata. Geological
Structure of the Banks of the River. Athabasca Lake,
4
or Lake of the Hills. Meet Mr. M'Pherson with the
Mackenzie RiverBrigade. Send Home Letters. L'Es-
perance's Brigade. Fort Chepewyan. Height of Lake
Athabasca above the Sea. Rocks. Plumbago. Forest
Scenery. Slave River. Rein-Deer Islands. Portages.
Native Remedies. Separate from Mr. Bell and his
'A\ Party - - - - - - - 116
CHAP. V.
Pyrogenous Rocks. Rate of the Current of Slave River.
Salt River and Springs. Geese. Great Slave Lake.
f\ '>. Domestic Cattle. Deadman's Islands. Horn Moun-
tain. Hay River. Alluvial Lignite Beds. Macken-
I xi zie's River. Marcellus Shale. Fort Simpson. River
oftheMountains. RockyMountains. Spurs. Animals.
Affluents ofthe Mackenzie. Cheta-ut-Tinne - - 147
\.
CONTENTS.
CHAP. VI.
I'ngc
Rock by the River's Side. Shale Formation. Fort Nor-
man. Tertiary Coal Formation. Lignite Beds. Fossil
Leaves. Edible Clay. Spontaneous Combustion ofthe
River Bank. Hill at Bear Lake River. Hill at the
RapidonthatRiver. Forest. Plants. Birds - 181
CHAP. VII.
Peregrine Falcon. The Rapid. Ramparts. Hare Indians.
Fort Good Hope. Hares. Kutchin. Their Contests
A A
with the Eskimos. Fatal Dance. Hare Indian
devoured by a Brown Bear. Vegetation. Narrows.
Richardson Chain of Hills. Fort Separation. Cache
ofPeraican and Memorandum. Alluvial Delta. Yukon
River. Rein-Deer Hills. M'Gillivray Island. Harri-
son Island. Termination ofthe Forest. Sacred Island.
Richard's Island. Point Encounter - . - 205
CHAP. VIII.
Enter the Estuary of the Mackenzie. Interview with
the Eskimos. Remarks on thatPeople. Winter-Houses
near Point Warren. Copland Hutchison Bay. Flat
Coast with Hummocks. Level Boggy Laud. Mirage.
A
PartyofEskimosvisit us. PointAtkinson. Kashim.
Old Woman. Old Man. Young Men. Cape Brown.
Eskimos. Russell Inlet. Cape Dalhousie. Sabine
Xema. Liverpool Bay. Nicholson Island. Frozen
CHfFs of Cape ]\Iaitland. Rock Ptarmigan. Eskimo
Tents. Harrowby Bay. !^aillie's Islands. River of
the Toothless Fish or Beghula.Tesse..Es.kimo of Cape
Bathurst. Their Summer and its Occupations. Shale
Formation ofthe Sea-Coast - 236
