arctic pipeline transport of hydrocarbons

119 Pages·2005·4.56 MB·English

THE UNIVERSITY CENTRE IN SVALBARD (UNIS)
COURSE IN ARCTIC ENGINEERING
AT-327 ARCTIC OFFSHORE ENGINEERING
OCTOBER 19, 2005
ARCTIC PIPELINE TRANSPORT
OF HYDROCARBONS
Luigino VITALI
Snamprogetti S.p.A.
Via Toniolo 1, 61032, Fano (PU), Italy
[email protected]
Snamprogetti
October 19th, 2005
OOUUTTLLIINNEE
• PROJECT DEVELOPMENT SCENARIO – GAS TO MARKET
(cid:127) OFFSHORE PIPELINE TECHNOLOGY
(cid:127) PIPELINE SYSTEM DESIGN PHILOSOPHY
(cid:127) DESIGN PROCESS
(cid:127) PIPELINE INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE
(cid:127) LIMIT STATES BASED DESIGN
(cid:127) EXERCISES
Snamprogetti
2
October 19th, 2005
NET GAS FLOW TRADE
Net Gas Flow (bcm): TODAY
Net Gas Flow (bcm): 2030
UgoRomano (EniTecnologie)
NATURAL GAS: FROM RESERVES TO MARKET.
Conference “Gas Naturale una Fonte Affidabile e Versatile” -
EniTecnologie-San DonatoMilanese 14 Dicembre2004
Snamprogetti
3
October 19th, 2005
GAS-TO-MARKET: POTENTIAL GAS IMPORT TO EU15 (EU30)
22000000
NNOORRWWAAYY 22001100
22002200
((110000))
((112200)) 9900 5500
111100
111133 ((220000))
111133 ((220000))
RRUUSSSSIIAA
7733 ((113300))
TTRRIINNIIDDAADD
11
GGGaaasss DDDeeemmmaaannnddd FFFooorrreeecccaaasssttt 222000111000–––222000222000 --- UUUEEE---111555
55
SSSooouuurrrccceee::: OOOMMMEEE 222000000111
1100 666600000000
11
NNII 1155 5555 8822 110055
GGEE 2200 ((6600))((9900)) ((111155)) 11 1111 3355 1122 2255 444455550000 PPoowweerr
RRII
AA AALLGGEERRIIAA LLYYBBIIAA
EEGGYYPPTT 3333
mmmm 333300000000
SSSS IInndduussttrryy
GGGG
Source: 111155550000
FUTURE NATURAL GAS SUPPLY OPTIONS AND SUPPLY COSTS FOR EUROPE”, OME 2001 RReessiiddeennttiiaall && CCoommmmeerrcciiaall
0000
11119999999911119999 22220000222211110000 22220000222200003333
Snamprogetti
4
October 19th, 2005
GGAASS TTOO MMAARRKKEETT OOPPTTIIOONNSS
30
25
PIPELINE
r
a
e
y 20
/
M LD.HC.HP.HG
C
Pipelines
B LNG
15

,
e
m
u
10
l
o
V GAS to LIQUIDS:

s
Syndiesel, DME, Methanol
a 5
G
AC/DC Wire
0
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
Distance, km
Snamprogetti
5
October 19th, 2005
CROSS-COUNTRY PIPELINES:
CURRENT AND NEAR-TO-COME R & D OUTCOME
(Transportation cost less than 1.5 $ / MBTU)
(cid:127) Long Distances (LD.): 3000 – 7000 km
(cid:127) High Capacities (HC.): 15 – 30 Gsm3/y
(cid:127) High Pressures (HP.): 10.0 – 15.0 MPa
(cid:127) High Grades (HG.): X80 – X120 API 5L
TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION:
A UNIQUE WAY TO COST REDUCTION AND
IMPROVED RELIABILITY
Snamprogetti
6
October 19th, 2005
BREAKEVEN DISTANCE FOR GAS TRANSPORTATION VIA PIPELINE
BORDER LINE COST IN EU (2nd HALF NINTIES)
TRANSIT FEES
3
WELL HEAD
LP Land Pipelines
LD.HC.HP.HG
U Land Pipelines
2
T
B
M
/
$
TRANSPORTATION
1
BREAKEVEN
DISTANCE
0
0 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000
DISTANCE, km
Snamprogetti
7
October 19th, 2005
GAS TO MARKET OPTIONS
The key solutions of gas transport as a function of Volumes and distancies
SUPPLY COST FOR GAS DELIVERY TO EU15 (2010-2020)
Source: “Future naturalgas supplyoptionsand supplycostsforeurope”, OME 2001
LLNNGG PPIIPPEELLIINNEE
Snamprogetti
8
October 19th, 2005
GAS TO MARKET OPTIONS
AND EXPORT FROM ARCTIC REGIONS?
(cid:127) LNG and Onshore/Offhore Pipeline Systems are the two
possible alternatives from the economical and technical
point of view
(cid:127) Transportation cost of unit of energy increases due to
harsh and remote environment to be crossed
(cid:127) Advanced engineering and technology is required for
construction and operation
Snamprogetti
9
October 19th, 2005
POTENTIAL PROJECT SCENARIO:
LD.HC.HP.HG. GAS PIPELINES CROSSING HOSTILE ENVIRONMENT
A relevant example:
3000
2500
STUDY ON LD.HC.HP.HG. GAS
2000
PIPELINE FROM NORTH-EAST
1500
RUSSIA TO CHINA
1000
5000 OObbsskkaayyaaGGuubbaa BBOOLLSSHHEEKKHHEETTSSKKAAYYAA RRUUSS5566SS””II AAGG --AACCSSHH PPIIIINNPPAAEE LL--IIJJNNAAEEPPAANN
WWeesstteerrnn SSiibbeerriiaa WWeesstteerrnn SSiibbeerriiaa --SShhaanngghhaaii
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000
P_km
RRRRuuuussssssiissaaiinnaannsseesscceettcciittooiinnoonn22772200770000 00kk mmkkmm
• Permafrost
• Bottom roughness
• Seismic activity
• Slope stability
CCCChhiihhnniieennsseeeesseesseesscceettcciioottiinnoonn33993300990000 00kk mmkkmm
• Hydro-geo hazards SSHHAANNGGHHAAII
Snamprogetti
10
October 19th, 2005