architects' data

447 Pages·2002·13.02 MB·English

Ernst Neufert
ARCHITECTS'
DATA
Second (International) English Edition
General editor VincentJ ones
Editorial consultant George Atkinson OBE BAArch) RIBA
USA editor Wm Dudley Hunt Jr BSc BArch FAIA
Editor JohnT hackara
Deputy editor Richard Miles
b
Blackwell
Science
This document
contains 447 pages
L
© 1980 by DISTRIBUTORS
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without the prior permission of
the publisher. BCraittiaslho gLuibinragr yin Publication Data
First English language edition published by Neufert, Ernst,
Crosby Lockwood Staples 1970 Architect's data.—2nd (international)
Reprinted 1973, 1975,1 977, 1978 (twIce) English ed.
Second (International) English Edition 1. Architectural design: Technical data.
first published in Great Britain 1980 by I. Title II. Jones, Vincent,
Granada Publishing Ltd Ill Thackara, John IV. Miles, Richard
Reprinted (with minor amendments) 1981 721'.0212
Reprinted 1982, 1984
Reissuedi n paperback by ISBN 0-632-02339-2
Collins Professional and Technical Books 1985
Reprinted by BSP Professional Books
1988, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
Reprinted by Blackwell Science
1995, 1996, 1997, 1998
Original German edition published by
Friedr. Vieweg & Sohn, Braunschweig,
Wiesbaden,a s Bauentwurfslehre
Printed and bound in Great Britain
at the Alden Press Limited, Oxford and
Northampton
The Blackwell Science logo is a
trade mark of Blackwell Science Ltd,
registered at the United Kingdom
Trade Marks Registry
V
Contents
ix Contributors Flats & apartments
x Acknowledgements 89 Building types
xi Foreword 90 Access
xii How to use the book 91 Fire precautions
xiii Abbreviations 92 Internal planning
94 Point blocks
BASIC DATA 96 Duplex & triplex sections
97 Internal access
Human scale in architecture
2 UseofSlunits 98 Stepped houses
99 Shared accommodation
3 Drawing sheets
100 Privateg arages
6 Drawing practice
9 Proportions
Gardens
11 Dimensions & space requirements
103 Enclosures
15 Quality of air
16 Thermal comfort 104 Siting & layout
17 Visual efficiency 105 Soil preparation
18 Pattern & texture/noise & acoustics 106 Pergolas/paths/equipment
108 Trees/shrubs
19 Access & circulation
109 Water
20 Roadways/parking
25 Lighting 110 Gardens for disabled/rock gardens/roof gardens!
floodlighting
27 Daylight
111 Garden structures
33 Sunlight 112 Indoor gardens/roof gardens
113 Water lily & fish pools
COMMUNITY 114 Swimming pools
Houses 115 Private indoor pools
38 Design/organisation/orientation 117 Domestic sauna
41 Access
44 Standards & regulations Education
45 Relationship to otherb uildings 118 Schools: principles
47 Thehouseplan 119 Early school
55 Kitchens 120 Rural schools
61 Bathrooms 121 Middle age range
66 Public rooms 123 Olderager ange
70 Bedrooms 127 Boarding schools
73 Storage 129 Media centres
76 Security/privacy 130 Furniture
77 Privateo pen space 134 Colleges: lecture rooms
78 Adaptable houses 137 Schools ofa rt, design, drama,m usic
79 Underground houses 139 Drawing studios
80 Energy saving houses 140 Student hostels
82 Housing old people 142 Dining rooms
85 Housing disabled 143 Youth hostels
88 Balconies 145 Libraries
vi
Contents
Hospitals Restaurants
149 Health services structure 202 Planning factors
150 Modular design 203 Space allowance
151 Means of escape/fire protection 204 Table sizes
153 Design/building configurations 205 Snack bars
154 Ward design 206 Drive-in & self-service
156 Nurse working rooms 207 Using minimum space: restaurantc ars
158 Ward design data/geriatric
160 Maternity Hotels
161 Paediatric& children 208 Types
162 Longs tay 209 Flowd iagram
164 Psychiatric centres 210 Plan forms
165 Ward upgrading 211 Public rooms
166 Outpatients 212 Frontof house
168 Accident & emergency 213 Kitchens & food stores
169 Radiology 215 Administration
171 Operating 216 Guest bedrooms
173 Intensive care 218 Building services
174 Cardiac surgical/transplant/limb fitting 219 Motels
175 Burns/physical medicine 221 Convention hotels
176 Laboratories 224 Public houses
177 Pharmacy/libraries
178 Non-residenst taff changing Office buildings
179 Offices/supply 225 Building type
180 Housekeeping 226 Definition of office areas
181 Community health care 227 Types of office shell
228 Core
Religion 230 Relationships
182 Churches 231 Means of escape
185 Mosques 232 Services
186 Synagogues 233 lnternalenvironment
187 Crematoria/mortuaries 234 Construction
235 Space standards
COMMERCE
236 Special area requirements
Shops &s tores 237 Spaces for meetings
188 Situation
239 Furniture
189 Movement between floors/service details
241 Storage
191 Windows 243 Equipment
192 Fire/boutiques
193 Food shops Banks
195 Chemist/men'sw ear/shoes/fashion fabrics 245 General/customer services/drive-in
196 Self-service 247 Examples
197 Supermarkets
198 Hypermarkets Vehicle services
199 Shopping centres& precincts 248 Car parks
vii
Contents
251 Multi-storey car parks 302 Beef cattle housing
253 Petrol stations 303 Pigs: basic data
255 Bus parks 305 Pigs: management
257 Rail station passengerd etails 306 Pigs: rearing & fattening
307 Sheep: housing
Airports 308 Sheep: handling/poultry housing
258 Plannings equence 309 Poultry: space requirements
259 Runways/taxiways/ferminals 310 Small domestic animals: doves/rabbits/dogs/small
poultry houses
260 Flow & functions
311 Kennels/beehouses/ducks/geese
261 Baggage handling/aircraftp arking
312 Crop storage: grass/straw/hay/potatoes
262 Catering/aircraft maintenance/airfreight
313 Crop storage: grain
314 Machinery & implement storage
INDUSTRY
Industrial buildings LEISURE
263 Site selection/site development Sport
264 Basicb uilding types/selection strategy 315 Stadia: general design
266 Factoryb uilding types 316 Stadia: sightl ines/traffic
269 Warehouses 317 Stadia: terraces/grandstand
273 Site layout 318 Sport centres
275 Industrial parks 320 Sport halls:u se of undivided space
276 Building environment 322 Outdoor: pitches
277 Planning for fire control 324 Outdoor: athletics
278 Environmental compartmentation/workp lace design 325 Indoor: pitches
280 Hygiene 326 Indoor: pitches/athletics tracks
282 Loading bays 327 Indoor: athletics training
284 Rail-served buildings 328 Indoor: sports needing own space
285 Workshops 329 Swimming: indoorp ools
288 Workshop equipment space 333 Swimming: opena ir pools
289 Workshop examples 334 Swimming: divingp ool dimensions
290 Workshop design factors 335 Swimming: slipperb aths/showers
336 Swimming: pool changing rooms
Laboratories 338 Sauna planning
291 Classification/planning principles/space requirements 339 Tenn i s
292 Services distribution/disposal systems/storage 340 Ski jumping slopes
293 Special requirements/related spaces/finishes 341 Ski lumping slopes/icer inks
342 Ice rinks/roller skating rinks
Farmb uildings 343 Golf
294 Human welfare/cattle: basicd ata 344 Equitation
295 Cattle: waste production & disposal 346 Marinas
296 Cattle: straw-bedded pens/cubicles/calf pens
297 Cattle: calf pens/feeding Theatres & Cinemas
298 Cattle: feeding/watering/ventilation/handling 348 Theatre regulation/organisation
299 Cattle handling/milking 349 Sight lines
301 Cattle: bull pens/dairy cow housing 350 Auditorium
viii
Contents
351 Seating Lighting
352 Stage tower 398 General/building lighting/glare
353 Multiform 399 Task lighting/light sources/emergency lighting/outdoor
354 Cinema techniques/seating/multiple auditoria 400 Integration of electric lighting & daylighting
355 Cloakrooms/projection rooms
356 General layout/lighting systems/heating/ventilation/use Doors &w indows
of 16mm
401 Doors: dimensions/fire safety/flow capacity/disabled
357 Screen & sound systems persons
358 Drive-in cinemas 402 Doors: industrial types
403 Windows: coordinatings izes
Museums 404 Windows: positioning/safety & accessf or cleaning
359 Rooms/general layout 405 Windows: basic types/selection check list/ventilation!
double glazing
360 Lighting
406 Windows: shading devices
361 Examples
Corridors stairse levators
COMPONENTS
407 Walking speeds/corridor capacity/rampsf or disabled!
asurement
waiting areas
363 Introduction 408 Stairs: tread & rise proportions/regulations/fire escape!
364 Conversion factors stairs for disabled
366 Conversion tables 409 Escalatord imensions & traffic capacity/passenger
conveyors
410 Elevator dimensions
Materials
411 Elevator traffic capacity/paternosters
382 Building materials physical characteristics
412 Elavators for disabled/planning
Services
383 Distribution
385 Methods of heating
386 Heating systems
REFERENCE
392 Ventilation
393 Thermal insulation 413 Bibliography
395 Sound insulation 429 Index
ix
Contributors
Ernst Neufert Following the war he was co-founder and member of the board of
Professor Technische Hochschule Darmstadt directors of the Bund Deutscher Architekten (Federation of German
Architects), was appointed professor at Darmstadf Polytechnic and
Ernst Neufert, born in 1900, in 1919 became the first student of director oft he Institute forS tandardisation (Institut fur Baunormung)a nd
architecture at the Bauhaus in Weimar. He left at the end of 1920 for a continued tow ork also as free-lance industrial architect.
satsu hdiys t aosusri sinta snotu. tIhne 1rn9 2E4u rhoep bee bcuatm bee ftoerceh lnoincga lG driroepcituosr coaf ltlhede hBiamu bhaacuks Professor Neufert has lectured in many cities, sucha s Graz, Belgrade,
oorefffba icurceilhdsiii tnneg cW otuefr itemh aeat r t aBhnaedu B thhaaeuuhnsa minua sDn.e asgsearu o' fat nhde a Glsroopt aiuusgw hot rinks thhoep d edpuarirntmg tehnet SiKnko Tonapglli,ee i,ns TiJ nha Wepsaesnsa'ts lAo mnriaizkjoio,n rA act.ih tieenssa , nIsdt aatn Nbeuul, tBraei inru Lt,o Ks aArnagcehlie,R sa anngdo FoLnW , Hroignhgt
tsaI1enrh9cc o13htur9i0ttre2l yehc6 aa t euhftt r etemehr bweoaev antce reaIddtwmts e lateynos f ,po s arBiuos pnetfaerdrilnsveinstad dot teBiror eaus cnicbldtdheoi oncrd oogoirlm eTfo tceehftc oeahhrr c neoto,ia cfna datsnh lt dCoreu fo dsc ltteltaheiporgetanee r ddd timnee t oppWeaan werrttt oiommmfr eeaaknnrr a actts. hn oI idna-f aHBpGwraeeoarr fcimresdesa elsohndono arant nh oadaern naf dodrG yr dee omorigmfce nttamho hnerbo MenaRrot e ouotrhyrifsate t Clh UIrenon ssRitvsitee uwartseli ittA hyo c sfoa tdBaf errL,im tiiamsischaa w, AdPereecl lrh Cauiti.see Hcnvtacesir,a i ohshua oyssn Abooretrhtaeeernsyr
free-lance industrial architect. It was in Berlin that he brought outi n 1936 Ernst Neufert's other works include Bauordnungslehre (1943) and
the first edition of Bauentwurfslehre. lndustriebauten (1973).
UK contributors USA contributors
Peter Ackroyd Dip Arch (Poly) Reg Arch The Sports Council Peter Frink BArch MSc MFA Principal !rink8 BeuchatA rchitects
AG Aldersley-Williams MArch(MIT) RIBA Engineering Design Walter Hart AlA Architect
Consultants Wm Dudley HuntJ r BSc BArch FAIA
Norman SA llanson Des RCA FSIAD John SB onnington Partnership Margaret K Hunter BAA lA Architect
DerekW A rnold ARIBA Edgar H Hunter BAB Arch AlA Architect
Nadine Beddington FRIBA FSIAD Robert T Packard BArch AlA Director AlA Documents/Architectural
(assisted by DermotO 'Brien FSIAD) Graphic Standards Division
Robin G Booth MA MSc Dip Arch RIBA MRTPI John SB onnington Mimi Ford Paul BA BSArch Architect
Partnership Bradford Perkins SeniorV ice President & GeneralM anager Perkins &
Jan PetrC ermák-z-Uhrinova BSc(Hons) TEng(CEI) MIAgrE Scottish WillA rchitects
Farm Building Investigation Unit
J B Collins BSc(Eng) CEng MIEE FCIBS
DrF rancis Duffy ARIBA DuffyE ley Giffone Worthington
JolyonV P Drury MA(Cantab) DipA rch RIBA MIMH Jolyon Drury
Consultancy
Nelson Foley RIBA ChiefA rchitect Trust House Forte
J A Godfrey ARIBA
David Jenk in DuffyE ley Giffone Worthington
Eva M Jiricna DipI Eng Arch RIBA Louis Soissons Partnership
Geraint John DipA rch(UCL) RIBA The Sports Council
Geoffrey Jones BArch(Lvpl)
Olwen C Marlowe ARIBA Dip LD(Dunelm) DipT P(Birm)
David LM edd OBEH on DSc ARI BA Department ofE ducation &
Science
Mary B Medd OBE ARIBA Department ofE ducation& Science
AlanM organ DipA rch RIBA
DermotO 'Brien FSIAD
G J P O'Neill
Robert Payne DuffyE leyG iffone Worthington
Elizabeth Phillips DipA rch RWA ARIBA
Dennis Sharp MA AA DipI RIBA
Deyan Sudjic BSc DipA rch
Dr Martin Symes MA Dip Arch(Cantab) AA Planning Dip RIBA
Richard E Theakston Dip Arch RIBA JohnS B onnington Partnership
PR Tregenza BArch MBdgSc PhD RIBA MCIBS
R EV ickers DLC CEng MICE British LiftS tab Ltd
David Whitham MA(Cantab) AA Dipi
x
Acknowledgements
The Editors and the Publishers acknowledge with sincere thanks the The Architectural Press for Fig. 2 on page 198;
kind help and information provided by many individuals and organis- The National Playing Fields Association for Fig. 1 on page 322 and
ationsd uringt he preparation of this work. The Publishers have made Figures on pages 323—4;
everye ffortt oe stablish and properly acknowledge thec opyright owners The Architectural Press for Figs. 1, 4a nd 5 on page 346 and forF igs 2-4,
oft he drawings and plans used in this book and wisht oa pologisef ora ny 7 and 8 on page 347;
unintentional omissions that may have been made. Should any otner Progressive Architecture for Fig. 3o n page 361.
acknowledgements be necessary the publishers will be happy tod o so
whent he book is reprinted. The following are reproduced by permission oft he Building Directorate,
Scottish Development Department: Fig. 1 on page 82, Figs 10 and 11 on
page8 3, Fig. 2 on page8 4 and Figs 1-4a nd 6-8 on page 86;
Tbuhte pw aortrickuslo arf itnhdainvkidsu aarle a arclshoit edcutes ator:e acknowledgedt hroughout thet ext FFiigg1.. 9217 o6on ©np pa 1ag9g7ee61 , 51 b54y 8is M irsce Grperrpoardwinu-tcHeedildl , fw Irnoitchm. ,t Awhreitchp h eaitrelmlc riitsgushriatosln Rr eoesfc teohrrvedeC dSo;en ptrtoelmlebr oefr
HenryD reyfuss Associates forF ig. 2 on page 9; Her Majesty's Stationery Office;
TheA rchitecturalP ress forF ig. 1 onp age 19a nd Figs1 and 2o np age 22; Fig. 1 on page 162 is reprinted with permission from the American
SunsetB ooks for Fig. 4 on page 77; Health Care Association Journal, Vol. 4, No. 4, July 1978. Copyright
The Architectural Press for Figs 1-9 on page 83, Fig. 1 on page 84, and © American Health Care Association. All rights reserved;
Fig. 5o n page8 6; Fig. 3 on page 162 isr eproduced courtesy ofA rchitects Derek Stow and
SunsetB ooks for Figs 5 and 6o n page 113 and for Figs 6-11 on page Partners in association with the Regional Architect, South West
114; Thames Regional Health Authority;
Moriyama and Teshima for Fig. 4o n page 146; Fig. 2o np age1 64 is reprinted from Architectural Record October 1979
Ahrends Burton and Koralek for Fig. 2 on page 148; © 1979, by McGraw-Hill, Inc., with all rights reserved;
Powell Moya and Partners forF ig. 3 on page 150; Fig. 3 on page 171 is reproduced courtesy of Cullen Lochhead and
Watkins Gray Woodgate International (UK) forF ig. 1 on page 155; Brown in association with the Chief Architect of Western Regional
R. Seifert and Partnersf or Fig. 5o n page 157; Hospital Board, T.D.W. Astorga, Esq., FRIBA;
The Nuffield Foundationf or Fig. 1 on page 161; Fig. 1 onp age1 74 isr eprinted from Architectural Record August 1977 ©
Robert Matthew, Johnson-Marshalla nd Partnersf orF ig. 2o np age 161; 1977, by McGraw-Hill, Inc., witha ll rights reserved;
George TrewD unn Beckles Willson Bowes for Fig. 1 on page 167; Fig. 4 onp age1 80 is reprinted fromA rchitectural Record August 1977 ©
Wilson and Wilson for Fig. 2 on page1 68; 1977, by McGraw-Hill, Inc., witha ll rights reserved;
Robert Matthew, Johnson-Marshalla nd Partnersf orF ig. 2o np age 171; Fig. 1 on page 201 is reprinted fromA rchitectural Record June 1978 ©
The Oxford Regional HealthA uthority for Fig. 5 onp age1 72; 1978, by McGraw-Hill, Inc., with all rights reserved;
Donald A. Goldfinch Associates for Fig. 1 on page 175; Fig. Son page2 91 is theZ oology Extension, EdinburghU niversity and is
South East Thames Regional HealthA uthority for Fig. 1 on page 176; reproduced by permission of the Designers, the Architecture
The Nuffield Foundationf or Fig. 2 on page 176; Research Unit, University of Edinburgh;
MehmetK onuralp for Fig. 3o n page 192; Fig. 1 on page 361 is reprinted from Architectural Record June 1977 ©
Isabe lie Hebeyf or Fig. 4 on page 192; 1977, byM cGraw-Hill, Inc., with all rights reserved.
xi
Forew ord
Architects' Dataf irst appeared in English in 1970, nearly thirty- The sequence of sections has been rearranged. All parts have
five years after Ernst Neufert published his rules for building beenr eviewed, revised, brought up to date and in most instances
design' — Bauentwurfslehre — based on his lectures at the expanded: this edition is twenty-five per cent longer and perhaps
Building Technical Collegei n Weimar. He had arranged in one seventy-five per cent new in substance. Special attention has
book for convenient reference during design work, data on the been given to new thinking on housing, education, hospitals,
spatial needso f man in his home, his work place and his leisure, industrial construction and farm buildings. The section on sport
and on his animals, toolsa nd belongings. The book clearly meta and leisure has been made far more comprehensiveA. nd through-
need: in 1979 the 30th German edition appeared; it has also out the implications of energy conservation, the needs of the
been published in Spanish (12 editions), Italian( 5), French (5), elderly and disabled,a nd defencea gainstf ire haveb een stressed.
Portuguese( 3), Serbocroat( 3), and in Russian, Greek andT urkish; As the first internationale dition to be published the book contains
but beforet he present, only one edition in English,w hich came several building types which are not common in some countries.
late on the scene.
Both British and American contributors liked this. In some
In the 1 960s the book'si nternationalr epute led the Professional instances,s ucha s shopping precincts,m ore than as ingle building
Literature Committee of the Royal Institute of British Architects is involved; for these the information given is more general. In
and manyo thers to recognise the need for an English language others, such as underground houses, prolects asw ell as finished
edition; but to convert to imperial measuresw as a greato bstacle. buildings have been given as examples, although this is the
Conversion tot he metric system in Britain and the Commonwealth exception.
changed this. An English edition becamep ossible. It was edited
by the late Rudolf Herz who had studied in Berlin and had Units of measurement
practised many years as an architect in the United Kingdom. The International System of Units (SI) is used for all units of
measurement. A decision on how to apply the system faces
He had no easy task. With so big a book translationa lone was a architects and engineers when drawing plans. at what point to
mpraacjotirc eu nddeetratailsk inhga;d f utroth beerm moroed imfieudc.h A tet rtmhaint otilmogey, athnedr esofomree, sbwei tncoh rfurolinmg t hbey abuatshico rmitym o tno t thhise. d Ienr Aivracthivitee mct.s T' Dhaetrae ait pisp seoalrvse tod
publishers and editord id not try to bring the whole book up to
in two ways. All linear measurements in text are given in milli-
date;t hey concentrated on getting it out. metresu p to 9999, standing as herew ithout indicator,a nd from
During the 1 970s the need for a new edition thoroughly revised 10 m upwards they are given in metres with the indicator m. On
became more pressing: there were new imperatives of energy the other hand in the many small diagramsw hich form oneo f the
conservation, economic constrainta nd changing social needs to book's most useful elements, four figure dimensions would
affect the design of buildings. More influential still for such a oftenm ake for clutter: wheret here ist hisd anger, for dimensions
work: the 'information explosion', whose full force will be felt above 999 metres are used without the indicator m.
during the 1 980s, changing the role of such a design handbook. There has to be one exception to this rule. In sporti nternational
When he wrote Architects' Data nearly fifty years ago Neutert
provided a mixture of abstracted design, principles, hard data dimensions standardsa re given: some of thesea re still expressed
and examples. Today there is less need for illustration of con- iann ' iumnpaevroiaidl'a obrl Ue Sm cixutustroem. aryu nits. This sectiont hereforep resents
struction details. Manufacturers increasingly distribute technical
information which can be filed in uniform office systems; and To meett he needso f users in the United States of America, who
with telephone linea nd videod isplay unit an office can reach vast are mostly still using US customary or 'imperial' units, a set of
computerised and regularly revised data banks. To make sense conversion factors and tables is provided —.p364—81 (with a
of this mass of information the architect now needs even clearer simplified version on p434). In other appropriate
guidance on the principles and bases of design. instances the graphics cale may be used (see below).
Basis oft he revision Scales
Oura im, therefore, has been to simplify, rearrange and modernise. Many of the plans and diagrams in the book do not needs cales;
Requirements or advice contained in regulations,s tandardsa nd their purposei s to expressr elationships or situations. In many
codes have for the most part been left out: they change during others the practical needs of the user are best answered by
the life of the book and vary from country to country; moreover giving dimensions on the drawing. Scales are used only in
for legal and codified data the designer should always look tot he relation to plans or diagrams of specific buildings or installations
original source. Full references have been given. Informationo n and these are shown graphically in metres and feet.
construction elements (such as foundation, brickwork, roofs)
can easily bef ounde lsewhere; it has been lefto ut or reduced to Style
make more room for more fundamentalw orko n building types. This book is not literature; it is a practical manual. The text is
At the beginning 'Basic data' summarises the essentialso f the telegraphic and predicatory; in this it follows the practice ofE rnst
Neufert, who wrote in his first edition that his aim had been to
thnouegmeedatehnde s trcos a oinlems itnaeln la,e rocwphe Eitreuacrtoteup areneda a nmnp dala ainntt atnhiinne tg ehg neud oid 'fCteeloinnmc eopsmo fonprelt enhxtes s s'e bprvraiicncegesss 'aresd tuoc me,a skceh seimmaptlies eim, aitbastitoranc dtt ihffeic eullet manedn ttso o ofb dleigseig tnh eb aussicesr stoo
create form and content out of data'. The size of many of the
now required in buildings; technical aspects of the internal
environment; and practical criteria for such components as diagrams makes necessary the use of abbreviations, these are
windows, doors, stairs and elevators.T hought heya re not directly therefore used consistently in all plans and diagrams and in
applicable in a non-metric context we felt these pages to be of captions, the most common in the text also, the intention being
wide interest in their approach to the presentation of such that they quickly become familiar to the user. Abbreviationsu sed
information. In the body of the bookt he measureo f whatt o leave in the book (—pxiii) are also listed forquickreferenceon
p434 which carries the conversion tables and factors.
out, what to put in or to expand has been: does this help the
designeri n solving hero r his problems of spatial needs? Language is a usual problem in a book intended for users both
xii
Foreword
sidest he Atlantic, nt to mention otherc ontinents. Sometimes it copyrightsa re listed on the pagef ollowing. Warmest thanks to
is possible to find a neutral alternative expression; at others we all.
have risked annoying everybody occasionally by choosing a Planning and execution of the revisions, changes, new concepts
word from one or the other usage: thust he British have to accept and improvements, while a cooperativee ffort, have been entirely
aisle', 'elevator' truck'; North Americans must stomach 'foot- the publishers' responsibility. But the workw ould not have been
path', 'ground floor' for 'first floor' (and 'second' for 'first' . . possible without consultant editor George Atkinson, whose
'cooker' for 'range' (which has a limited specific meaning in the experience, technical knowledgea nd practicalo utlook have been
United Kingdom). Only rarely have we fallen back on using a invaluable, We are indebted also to Wm Dudley Hunt, whose
double expression such as 'trolley (cart)'. NorthA mericanr eaders professionalism and expertise, which are the basiso f the respect
are also asked to accept that British spelling has been used all he already enjoys in the USA, have helped enormously in the
through. completion oft he book.
Distantly related is the problem of the rule of the road. Quite a Lastly we salute and thank Patricia Crowe, whose secretarial
numbero f illustrations show access roads, car parking, turning skills gave us a clear course through the seas of paper, and
circles and such details. Some have their origin in continental deputy editorR ichard Miles, whos tepped in to see things through
Europe, some in North America, some in the United Kingdom. in the later stages oft he work. The formidablet ask of drawing or
Rather than try to converta ll to one rule we have indicated on revising the manyn ew or modified figures fell to Sheena Busby
each relevantp age whether it referst o eli or right handc irculation. MSAAT and the design and layout of the printed page to Tony
Leonard, to both of whom our sincerest thanks.
Acknowledgements
The contributors in the UK and USA who have made this new
edition possible are named —pix. Authors, publishers,a rchitects, Vincent Jones
institutions and public bodies who have allowed the use of John Thackara
How to use the book
Arrangement Application
The contents table —.pv shows the grouping of subjects & sequence Suppose you have to prepare a scheme for a college of further
oft he book: from basicd ata for man & his buildings, through man in his education. Under 'education' in the contents there are pager eferences
community, to buildings for commerce, industry & leisure, to some for lecture rooms (134), schools of art (137), student hostels (140),
technical planning data & regulations. It can be used to find the pages dining rooms (142), libraries (145): these together gives ome oft hem ain
referring to a given subject sucha s 'shops &s tores'. components needed.
T'ahccee isnsd',e 'xs h—ow.pe4r2', 9' wish ae etolcohla fior'r. quick reference to a point of detail eg On studying thesep ages you will find cross references (indicated— .) to
other sections sucha s accoustics (18 395), auditorium (350), cinemas
Theb ibliography —.p41 3 isd ivided into 3 parts: at he maina lphabetical (354), fire escape (44 91), kitchens (213), sanitary units (65), seating
(and numbered) list of publications for further reference, & extracted systems (351), shared accn (99), sightt ines (351 ), space standards( 44
from this ba list of the most important regulations& c odeso ft he UK & 48), workshops (288)
USA, c a list of references under subject headings eg 'airports',
'disabled', 'offices', 'schools'. General information on proportions & human measurements is given
Acobnbvreersviioanti ontasb ulseesd f—ropmxi um aeretr ica lstoo gUivSenA ocnu spto4m34a rtyo goert himerp ewriitahl —co.mp9p—o2n4e,n tosn a ss eerlevvicaetso,r sh, setaatiirnsg, w, ilnigdhotwinsg —, s.po3u8n3d— 4vle 2n. tilation & such
measures Regulations & codes should be studied before starting any design:
Units of measurement: Sl—pl, conversion—p364 & p434. —.bibliography fora list of the most important.