Archaeology of Early Buddhism

242 Pages·2006·4.03 MB·English

by  Lars Fogelin.

ARCHAEOLOGY OF EARLY
BUDDHISM
ARCHAEOLOGY OF RELIGION
A Book Series from AlraMira Press
SERIES EDITOR
David S. Whitley
ABOUT THE SERIES:
Few topics have been more neglected by archaeologists than religion, yet few subjects have been more
central to human social and cultural life. In part this neglect has resulted from a long-standing division
in Western thought between science and religion, in part from archaeological beliefs concerning what
can and cannot be readily interpreted about the past. But new models of science, increasing concern
with symbolism and belief, improved interpretive models and theories, and a growing reconcilia­
tion between humanistic and scientific approaches now contribute toward making the archaeology
of religion a viable and vibrant area of research. This series will publish syntheses, theoretical state­
ments, edited collections, and reports of primary research m this growing area. Authors interested in
contributing to this series should contact AltaMira Press.
VOLUMES IN THIS SERIES:
Volume I. J. David Lewis-Williams, A Cosmos in Stone: Interpreting Religion and Society Through Rock Art
Volume 2. James L. Pearson, Shamanism and the Ancient Mind: A Cognitive Approach to Archaeology
Volume 3. Peter Jordan, Material Culture and Sacred Landscape: The Anthropology of the Siberian Khanty
Volume 4. Lars Fogelin, Archaeology of Early Buddhism
ARCHAEOLOGY OF EARLY
BUDDHISM
LARS FOGELIN
TEi?)
V ^ ALTAMIRA PRESS
ALTAMIRA
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PRESS Lanham • Toronco • New York • Oxford
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Copyright © 2006 by AltaMira Press
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or
otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Information Available
Library of Congress Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
Logelm, Lars.
Archaeology of early Buddhism / Lars Logelm.
p. cm. — (Archaeology of religion)
Revision of the author’s thesis (Ph.D.)—University of Michigan, 2003.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13: 978-0-7591-0749-6 (cloth : alk. paper)
ISBN-10: 0-7591-0749-1 (cloth : alk. paper)
ISBN-13: 978-0-7591-0750-2 (pbk. : alk. paper)
ISBN-10: 0-7591-0750-5 (pbk.: alk. paper)
1. Thotlakonda Monastery Site (India). 2. Buddhist antiquities—India—Vishakhapatnam
(District). 3. Vishakhapatnam (India : District)—Antiquities.
I. Title. II. Series.
BQ239.I42V575 2006
294.3/657/0954— dc22
20050I98I5
Printed in the United States of America
igjTM paper usecJ in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National
Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials,
ANSI/NISO Z39.48-I992.
For my parents,
Robert Fogelin and Florence Fogelin

Contents
Preface ix
CHAPTER I
Introduction: Archaeology and Early Buddhism I
CHAPTER 2
A Brief History of the Early Historic Period m South Asia 11
CHAPTER 3
Buddhism in Early Historic Period South Asia 35
CHAPTER 4
Religion, Ritual, Architecture, and Landscape 57
CHAPTER 5
Thotlakonda’s Archaeological and Environmental Context 81
CHAPTER 6
Beyond the Monastery Walls III
CHAPTER 7
The Architectural Layout and Organization of Thotlakonda Monastery 157
CHAPTER 8
Thotlakonda Monastery in Its Local Landscape 177
VII
viii CONTENTS
CHAPTER 9
Conclusion 195
References 205
Glossary 221
Index 225
About the Author 229
Preface
This book is a revised version of my Ph.D. dissertation, submitted in
2003 to the University of Michigan Department of Anthropology (Fogelin
2003 c). Most of the revisions have consisted of removing extraneous infor­
mation unrelated to the specific goals of this book, but I have also expanded some
portions of the original, particularly those dealing with the method and theory of
the archaeology of religion.
The original dissertation had several appendices containing the data that I
had collected during fieldwork—summaries of my site forms, field maps, ceramic
drawings, and ceramic measurements. I have chosen not to reproduce them here
because of space limitations. The primary data and more extensive discussions
of the specific material remains can be found in the original dissertation. I am
also happy to provide all of this information in a digital format to any legitimate
researcher.
All of the archaeological materials collected during survey were given to the
Andhra Pradesh Department of Archaeology and Museums for long-term curation.
The department has stored all of the archaeological materials collected during
fieldwork in its warehouse in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. No atchaeological
remains were removed from India or Andhra Pradesh at any time.
Small portions of this book were adapted from recent and forthcoming publi­
cations (Fogelin 2003a, 2003b, 2004, and in press a) to suit the particular needs
of this book. Most excerpts are only a few paragraphs long. In some cases, I have
incorporated a few pages.
Acknowledgment ts
My thanks go first to Carla Sinopoli, the chair of my dissertation committee, for
the guidance she has provided me over the years. I cannot overstate the value I
place on the advice she has given me on this book specifically and on archaeology
as a whole. I also thank the other members of my dissertation committee, Jeffrey
Parsons, Norman Yoffee, Henry Wright, and Donald Lopez Jt. Each has provided