Table Of ContentQiang-Sheng Wu Editor
Arbuscular
Mycorrhizas
and Stress
Tolerance of
Plants
Arbuscular Mycorrhizas and Stress Tolerance
of Plants
Qiang-Sheng Wu
Editor
Arbuscular Mycorrhizas and
Stress Tolerance of Plants
Editor
Qiang-Sheng Wu
College of Horticulture and Gardening
Yangtze University
Jingzhou, Hubei, China
Institute of Root Biology
Yangtze University
Jingzhou, Hubei, China
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science
University of Hradec Kralove
Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
ISBN 978-981-10-4114-3 ISBN 978-981-10-4115-0 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-4115-0
Library of Congress Control Number: 2017936364
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Preface
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), a kind of ancient soil microorganisms, have
existed in various ecological soils for almost 400 million years old. These fungi can
form mutualistic relationships with over 80% of land’s plants, namely, arbuscular
mycorrhizas (AMs). This symbiosis is the most common mycorrhizal association in
natural ecosystems and partly undertakes the absorption and delivery of mineral
nutrients and water from the soil to the host plant by mycorrhizal hyphae.
Additionally, AMs represent many benefits for the fungal partner, including
enhancement of tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses, growth improvement, mod-
ulation of ecosystem resilience, and maintenance and improvement of soil structure.
Therefore, the AMs are critical for plant health, survival, and restoration in native
ecosystems and good soil structure.
AMF, as well as plants, are often exposed to all or many of abiotic and biotic
stresses, including extreme temperature, pH, drought stress, waterlogging stress,
toxic metals, soil pathogens, etc. Studies in the past indicated a quick response of
AMF to these stresses by several mechanisms, such as root morphological modifi-
cation, reactive oxygen species change, osmotic adjustment, direct absorption of
water by extraradical hyphae, upregulated expression of relevant stressed genes,
release of glomalin-related soil protein, etc. The underlying strategy under mycor-
rhization to cope with stresses is involved in morphological, physiological, bio-
chemical, and molecular processes, which is a complex network in multiple
dimensions. The AMF responses are often associated with homeostatic regulation
of internal and external environments.
From 2002, I and my team worked at the mycorrhizal functioning in drought
tolerance of plants in China. I realized that mycorrhizal researches on stresses are a
hard work. Until now, I have evaluated mycorrhizal roles in alleviating drought
stress, temperature stress, waterlogging, and salt stress. I realize that the relevant
books are important for mycorrhizal researchers. Hence, I have begun launching the
edition of this book in Feb. 2016. The book was approved by Springer in May 2016.
Here, I sincerely thank our contributing authors for their outstanding cooperation to
write selflessly these valuable chapters. I also thank the editors of Springer, Prasad
Gurunadham, Yu Zhu, and Xiao-Jin Huang, who spent much time publishing this
v
vi Preface
book. I really appreciate my PhD tutor, Prof. Ren-Xue Xia, from Huazhong
Agricultural University, for introducing me to the mycorrhizal research field.
Finally, I sincerely thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China
(31372017; 30800747), the Plan in Scientific and Technological Innovation Team of
Outstanding Young, Hubei Provincial Department of Education (T201604), the Key
Project from Ministry of Education (211107), the Key Project of Natural Science
Foundation of Hubei Province (2012FFA001), and the Science-Technology Project
from Hubei Provincial Department of Education (Q20111301) to provide the fund
for mycorrhizal researches. I hope that this book can help use AMF more efficiently
as a biostimulant to enhance stress tolerance in the host plants.
Jingzhou, Hubei, China Qiang-Sheng Wu
Contents
1 Arbuscular Mycorrhizas: An Overview ................................................ 1
Sajid Mahmood Nadeem, Muhammad Yahya Khan,
Muhammad Rashid Waqas, Rana Binyamin, Sohail Akhtar,
and Zahir Ahmad Zahir
2 Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Tolerance
of Drought Stress in Plants ..................................................................... 25
Qiang-Sheng Wu and Ying-Ning Zou
3 Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Tolerance
of Waterlogging Stress in Plants ............................................................ 43
Faisal Danu Tuheteru and Qiang-Sheng Wu
4 Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Tolerance
of Salt Stress in Plants ............................................................................ 67
Bhawna Saxena, Kamlesh Shukla, and Bhoopander Giri
5 Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Adaption of P Stress
in Plants.................................................................................................... 99
Bo Shu and Qiang-Sheng Wu
6 Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Tolerance of Fe Stress
in Plants.................................................................................................... 131
Yong-Ming Huang and Qiang-Sheng Wu
7 Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Heavy Metal Tolerance
in Plants.................................................................................................... 147
Mohammad Miransari
8 Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Tolerance
of Temperature Stress in Plants ............................................................. 163
Xiancan Zhu, Fengbin Song, and Fulai Liu
vii
viii Contents
9 Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi as Potential
Bioprotectants Against Aerial Phytopathogens and Pests ................... 195
M. Comby, G. Mustafa, M. Magnin-Robert, B. Randoux,
J. Fontaine, Ph. Reignault, and A. Lounès-Hadj Sahraoui
10 Arbuscular Mycorrhiza and Reactive Oxygen Species ....................... 225
Rupam Kapoor and Neeraja Singh
11 Arbuscular Mycorrhizas and Ecosystem Restoration ......................... 245
Fayuan Wang
12 Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Growth
on Serpentine Soils .................................................................................. 293
Husna, Faisal Danu Tuheteru, and Asrianti Arif
13 Application of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi into Agriculture ........ 305
Ibrahim Ortaş, Mazhar Rafique, and İbrahim A.M. Ahmed
About the Editor
Qiang-Sheng Wu received his PhD in pomology
from Huazhong Agricultural University in 2006. Now,
he is working as a professor at the College of
Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, and
as an administrative director at the Institute of Root
Biology, Yangtze University. In addition, Dr. Wu is an
invited professor at the Univerzita Hradec Králové.
Professor Wu focused on the arbuscular mycorrhizal
researches in fruit trees. He concerns the functioning
and physiology of arbuscular mycorrhizas in plant and
soil, especially in citrus plants. At present, he works at
the research in the signaling communication by com-
mon mycorrhizal network, the functioning and evalua-
tion of glomalin-related soil protein, the physiology-m olecular mechanisms about
mycorrhiza-enhanced tolerance of drought stress and salt stress, and the relation-
ship between mycorrhizas and root morphology or root hairs.
Until now, he has published one book titled Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Research
and Application of Horticultural Plants and five chapters of relevant books. He
published more than 60 papers in the international popular journals, such as Soil
Biology and Biochemistry, Scientific Reports, Mycorrhiza, Applied Soil Ecology,
Soil and Tillage Research, Frontiers in Microbiology, PLoS One, Fungal Ecology,
Journal of Plant Physiology, Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, European Journal
of Soil Biology, Scientia Horticulturae, etc. He also published more than 30 papers
in Chinese journals. He is invited as reviewers to review lots of manuscripts from
popular journals, including Applied Soil Ecology, Environmental and Experimental
Botany, Microbial Ecology, Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, European Journal
of Soil Biology, Scientia Horticulturae, Plant Biology, Journal of Plant Growth
Regulation, Functional Plant Biology, etc.
ix
x About the Editor
Dr. Wu conducts ten projects, guided two doctors and 18 master’s students,
served as the editor of eight international journals and the member of Citrus
Association in Hubei Province, and obtained the Fourth Scopus Young Researcher
Award.
E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]
Description:This book reviews the potential mechanisms in arbuscular mycorrhizas (AMs), in the hope that this can help arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to be more used efficiently as a biostimulant to enhance stress tolerance in the host plants. AMF, as well as plants, are often exposed to all or many of the
