Aquatic Toxicology: Mechanisms and Consequences

156 Pages·2002·5.3 MB·English

Aquatic Toxicology:
Mechanisms and
Consequences
SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS

Chris Kennedy

Alan Kolok

ac
Don M Kinlay

International Congress on the Biology of Fish

University of British Columbia, Vancouver. CANADA

Aquatic Toxicology:
Mechanisms and
Consequences
SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS

Chris Kennedy

Alan Kolok

ac
Don M Kinlay

International Congress on the Biology of Fish

University of British Columbia, Vancouver. CANADA
Copyright © 2002
Physiology Section,
American Fisheries Society
All rights reserved

International Standard Book Number (ISBN) 1-894337-22-0

Notice

This publication is made up of a combination of extended abstracts and full
papers, submitted by the authors without peer review. The papers in this
volume should not be cited as primary literature. The Physiology Section of
the American Fisheries Society offers this compilation of papers in the
interests of information exchange only, and makes no claim as to the
validity of the conclusions or recommendations presented in the papers.

For copies of these Symposium Proceedings, or the other 50 Proceedings in the
Congress series, contact:

Don MacKinlay, SEP DFO, 555 West Hastings St.,
Vancouver BC V6B 5G3 Canada
Phone: [phone] Fax [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]

Website: www.fishbiologycongress.org
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PREFACE

This symposium provides a forum for the presentation and discussion of
relevant toxicological investigations involving fish. Like the previous 2
symposia on piscine toxicology in the Fish Biology Congress series, this one
was held because there is an immediate and dire need to understand the various
direct and indirect impacts of both natural and anthropogenic contaminants on
fish and fisheries. The talks in this series range from the molecular level,
through biochemistry and physiology, to effects on populations. These papers
highlight the multidisciplinary nature of aquatic toxicology, and the diversity of
approaches used to understand the mechanisms of toxicity and the relevance of
those toxicities to individuals, populations and ecologies. In this series, papers
discuss toxic mechanisms, comparative approaches to toxicology, various
toxicants including organics and metals, effects on different biochemical,
physiological and organ systems, as well as endeavors with applicability to
population-level impacts. The cumulative knowledge communicated in this
symposium will enhance our understanding of piscine toxicology, an area often
underrepresented in the general world of basic and applied fish biology.

Symposium Organizers:

Chris Kennedy, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby B.C., Canada

Alan Kolok, University of Nebraska, Omaha NE, USA

Don MacKinlay, Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Vancouver, B.C., Canada

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CONGRESS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This Symposium is part of the International Congress on the Biology of Fish,
held at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver B.C., Canada on July
22-25, 2002.

The sponsors included:
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO)
- US Department of Agriculture
- US Geological Service
- University of British Columbia Fisheries Centre
- National Research Council Institute for Marine Biosciences
- Vancouver Aquarium Marine Science Centre

The main organizers of the Congress, on behalf of the Physiology Section of the
American Fisheries Society, were Don MacKinlay of DFO (overall chair, local
arrangements, program and proceedings) and Rosemary Pura of UBC
Conferences and Accommodation (facility arrangements, registration and
housing). Thanks to Karin Howard for assistance with Proceedings editing and
word-processing; to Anne Martin for assistance with the web pages; and to
Cammi MacKinlay for assistance with social events.

I would like to extend a sincere ‘thank you’ to the many organizers and
contributors who took the time to prepare a written submission for these
proceedings. Your efforts are very much appreciated.

Don MacKinlay
Congress Chair
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

The impact of metal ions on some components of glutathione cycle in carp gill
cells
Arabi, M. and M.S. Heydarnejad........................................................................................1

Biochemical effects of environmental nitrite in matrinxã
Moraes, Gilberto, et al......................................................................................................15

DNA synthesis after exposure to heavy metals in the testis of the spiny dogfish
Redding, Michael..............................................................................................................27

Quantitative PCR of Atlantic salmon CYP1A in gills
Rees, C, S McCormick, and W Li......................................................................................31

Expression of multi-drug resistance (MDR) p-glycoprotein and associated
proteins (MRPs) in the flounder; effects of exposure to the
polyaromatic hydrocarbon, benzo(a)pyrene
Cramb,G, Cutler,et al. .....................................................................................................33

Sediment-associated pollutants in the marine environment: a multi-biomarker
approach for assessing sediment toxicity in turbot
Kilemade, M., Hartl, M. et, al. .........................................................................................39

Responses of Atlantic salmon and bivalve molluscs to paralytic shellfish
Eddy, FB, et al. ................................................................................................................43

The effect of environmental levels of freshwater contaminants on juvenile
Atlantic salmon: Implications for marine survival
Lower, Nicola and Andy Moore........................................................................................47

Chloride cell changes induced by nitrite exposure in an amazonian fish species
Da Costa O.T.F. and M.N. Fernandes..............................................................................51

Behavioral and Neurophysiological Effects of Carbamate Pesticides on
Olfactory Capabilities in Pacific Salmon
Jarrard, H and C Kennedy...............................................................................................63

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Effects of exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of ammonia and hypoxia on the
swimming performance of brown trout
Shingles, A. et al. .............................................................................................................69

Effects of chlorpyrifos (Lorsban)on reproductive performance of guppy
De Silva, M.......................................................................................................................75

Maternal transfer of copper resistance in fathead minnows
Peake, EB, et al. ...............................................................................................................87

Reduced gonadal somatic index and external coloration following exposure to
P,P’-dde in adult male Fundulus heteroclitus
Monosson, Emily et al. .....................................................................................................93

Blood cell responses of the tropical fish Prochilodus scrofa to acute copper
exposure and subsequent recovery
Cerqueira, Carla and M.N. Fernandes.............................................................................99

Toxicity of cadmium: a comparative study in the airbreathing fish, Clarias
batrachus and in non-airbreathing Ctenopharyngodon idellus
Joshi, P.K. & M. Bose.....................................................................................................109

Effects of vanadate oligomers on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in
the Lusitanian toadfish kidney and liver: short term-exposure
Figueiredo, Inês, et al. ...................................................................................................119

Incubation and pH-dependent effects of vanadate oligomers and cadmium with
Halobactrachus didactylus sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium pump
Leonardo, Lília, et al. ....................................................................................................123

Histological analysis of vanadate oligomers effects on heart, kidney and liver of
the Lusitanian toadfish: an acute exposure study
Borges, Gisela, et al. ......................................................................................................129

Cadmium and vanadate oligomers comparative effects on the toadfish
erythrocyte
Soares, Sandra, et al. .....................................................................................................133

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Toxicity of Lake Enrichment nutrients to aquatic life
MacKinlay, Don and Craig Buday.................................................................................139

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